Dynastic Potential Crossover Operator

An optimal recombination operator for two parent solutions provides the best solution among those that take the value for each variable from one of the parents (gene transmission property). If the solutions are bit strings, the offspring of an optimal recombination operator is optimal in the smallest hyperplane containing the two parent solutions. Exploring this hyperplane is computationally costly, in general, requiring exponential time in the worst case. However, when the variable interaction graph of the objective function is sparse, exploration can be done in polynomial time. In this paper, we present a recombination operator, called Dynastic Potential Crossover (DPX), that runs in polynomial time and behaves like an optimal recombination operator for low-epistasis combinatorial problems. We compare this operator, both theoretically and experimentally, with traditional crossover operators, like uniform crossover and network crossover, and with two recently defined efficient recombination operators: partition crossover and articulation points partition crossover. The empirical comparison uses NKQ Landscapes and MAX-SAT instances. DPX outperforms the other crossover operators in terms of quality of the offspring and provides better results included in a trajectory and a population-based metaheuristic, but it requires more time and memory to compute the offspring.

Using the criterion of resistibility to assess of a structural limit state

Introduction. Subject of research: behaviour characteristics of an arbitrary structure under the loads that approach the limit load value. Goals: development of an objective and sufficiently universal methodology for the identification of the bearing capacity of a structure, which could allow to stop using any subjective assessments of their limit bearing capacity. Materials and methods. Behaviour characteristics are assessed by analyzing a curve of equilibrium states. The curve is constructed using the characteristic displacement, understood as the generalized displacement q, which energetically matches applied generalized force λ in the sense that the product of λdq is the growth of work performed by generalized force λ in respect of the growth of displacement dq. Results. The article shows that the system’s response, no matter what fixed conditions it is in, is not always sufficient for the assessment of the reliability of the system in case of the variable interaction with the environment. The co-authors use the V.V. Katyushin concept about supplementing the notion of the limit state with the characteristics of the system’s beha­viour determined by the velocity of a change in the system’s response caused by the change in the external action. According to the co-authors’ suggestion, the meter should represent the reduction in the slope of the curve of equilibrium states, which characterizes the loss of resistibility and, consequently, it can be used to assess the closeness of the structure to the state of failure, which arises if the resistibility of the system is equal to zero. The suggestion is to use the value of the slope of the curve of equilibrium states as the limit state, when the resistibility has reduced, and the velocity of deformation intensification has gone up 100 times if compared with the behaviour of an unloaded system. This suggestion is illustrated by the case of the analysis of a reinforced concrete diaphragm of a building. Conclusions. The proposed calculation methodology can be applied in the design of loadbearing structural elements, whose finite-element computational model has components that are different from the rod ones.

THE INFLUENCE OF EARNINGS PER SHARE (EPS) AND RETURN ON EQUITY (ROE) ON STOCK PRICE WITH PRICE EARNING RATIO (PER) AS A MODERATION VARIABLE IN CONSTRUCTION SUB SECTOR COMPANIES AND BUILDING LISTED ON INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE

This research aims to prove whether there is an effect To test the Price Earning Ratio (PER) in moderating the effect of Return On Equity (ROE) on stock prices in construction and building sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015 – 2020. This type of research is associative research. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. The data used is secondary data in the form of financial statements of construction sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) obtained through the website www.idx.co.id. This data will be analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis method, which is a descriptive statistical method used to analyze data for more than two research variables. Classical assumption test used is normality test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test, and autocorrelation test. To test regression with moderating variablesModerating Regression Analysis (MRA) Test. The hypothesis testing used is t-test, F-test, and the coefficient of determination (R2). This study resulted in five findings as proposed in the research hypothesis. First,Earnings Per Share (EPS) significant effect on stock prices in the construction and building sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Second, Return On Equity (ROE) has a significant effect on stock prices in construction and building sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Third, Earning Per Share (EPS) and Return On Equity (ROE) simultaneously have a significant effect on stock prices in construction and building sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Fourth,Variable interaction results Earning Per Share (EPS) with Price Earning Ratio (PER) is a moderating variable, so Price Earning Ratio (PER) can strengthen the relationship Earning Per Share (EPS) to stock prices. Fifth,Variable interaction results Return On Equity (ROE) with Price Earning Ratio (PER) can strengthen the relationship Return On Equity (ROE) to stock prices.

DECENTRALIZATION AND EFFICIENCY OF SPENDING AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON WELFARE (CASE STUDY OF EDUCATION SPENDING OF REGENCY/CITY IN SOUTH SULAWESI PROVINCE)

This study aims to analyze: (i) the level of efficiency of regional spending of educational functions; (ii) the impact of fiscal decentralization on the spending efficiency; and (iii) the implications of education spending efficiency on the level of welfare in the region. The research used quantitative approach with Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Dinamic Generalized Method of Moment (DGMM) analysis techniques. The results showed that the realization and utilization of education function spending in the aggregate in South Sulawesi Province is quite good, although the spending is still more allocated to government bureaucracy spending. However, the results of efficiency testing by DEA method show that in most districts/cities in South Sulawesi Province, the realization and utilization of such spending is relatively less efficient. From the results of Dynamic Panel Data Testing (DGMM), the findings were obtained that fiscal decentralization in the form of Local Own-Source Revenue had a positive and significant impact on the education spending efficiency, while the fiscal decentralization policy in the form of Balance Fund, negatively influential but insignificant. In terms of good governance, the variable interaction between fiscal decentralization in the form of Local Own-Source Revenue and opinion from BPK on LKPD in districts/cities negatively and significantly affects the efficiency of education spending. While the variable interaction between fiscal decentralization both in the form of Balance Fund and opinion from BPK on LKPD in districts/cities has a positive and significant effect on the efficiency of education spending. The increase in the efficiency of education spending will be significantly followed by the improvement of the welfare of the community. Meanwhile, fiscal decentralization policy in the form of Local Own-Source Revenue has a positive and significant effect.

Structural basis of transcription-translation coupling and collision in bacteria

Prokaryotic messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are translated as they are transcribed. The lead ribosome potentially contacts RNA polymerase (RNAP) and forms a supramolecular complex known as the expressome. The basis of expressome assembly and its consequences for transcription and translation are poorly understood. Here, we present a series of structures representing uncoupled, coupled, and collided expressome states determined by cryo–electron microscopy. A bridge between the ribosome and RNAP can be formed by the transcription factor NusG, which stabilizes an otherwise-variable interaction interface. Shortening of the intervening mRNA causes a substantial rearrangement that aligns the ribosome entrance channel to the RNAP exit channel. In this collided complex, NusG linkage is no longer possible. These structures reveal mechanisms of coordination between transcription and translation and provide a framework for future study.

Structural basis of transcription-translation coupling and collision in bacteria

Prokaryotic messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are translated as they are transcribed. The pioneering ribosome potentially contacts RNA polymerase (RNAP), forming a supramolecular complex known as the expressome. The basis of expressome assembly and its consequences for transcription and translation are poorly understood. Here we present a series of structures representing uncoupled, coupled and collided expressome states determined by electron cryomicroscopy. A bridge between the ribosome and RNAP can be formed by the transcription factor NusG, stabilizing an otherwise variable interaction interface. Shortening of the intervening mRNA causes a substantial rearrangement that aligns the ribosome entrance-channel to the RNAP exit-channel. In this collided complex, NusG-linkage is no longer possible.These structures reveal mechanisms of coordination between transcription and translation and provide a framework for future study.One Sentence SummaryStructures of the molecular assembly executing gene expression shed light on transcription translation coupling.

PERBANDINGAN BEBERAPA METODE KLASIFIKASI DALAM MEMPREDIKSI INTERAKSI FARMAKODINAMIK

One mechanism for Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) is pharmacodynamic (PD) interactions. They are interactions by which the effects of a drug are changed by other drugs at the site of receptor. The interactions can be predicted based on Side Effects Similarity (SES), Chemical Similarity (CS) and Target Protein Connectedness (TPC). This study aims to find the best classification technique by first applying the scaling process, variable interaction, discretization and resampling technique. We used Random Forest, Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Binary Logistic Regression for the classification. Out the three classification methods, we found the SVM classification method produces the highest Area Under Cover (AUC) value compared to the other, which is 67.91%.