ANALYSIS OF THE BOMBERS’ TACTICS AND THE CONSEQUENCES OF A SERIES OF TERRORIST ATTACKS IN BRUSSELS (22 MARCH 2016)

The purpose of the article is to analyse the modus operandi of the terrorists who on 22 March 2016 organised the bomb attacks in Brussels. The article characterises the targets of the attackers, analyses their operational tactics and the aftermath of their attacks. In addition, the consequences of the attacks are discussed – both economic and legal. Another issue analysed in the article is the perpetrators of the assassinations – their origin, path of radicalisation and network of contacts. The summary shows why returning foreign terrorist fighters are a threat to security in the EU countries, including Poland.

Let's Get a Two-Sided Platform Started

Two-sided platforms are becoming more and more relevant in the modern economy, with leading examples like Airbnb or Uber. These companies can leverage several opportunities, which are intrinsic in their nature, but they also need to face severe challenges before reaching a critical mass and a mature stage. One of the greatest challenges is represented by the chicken and egg paradox, which refers to the need of the platform provider to convince both sides to join the platform even if it is worthless since the other side is not there. Previous studies provided examples of possible strategies to address it, but there is a lack of operational tactics that practitioners may use to direct tackle the challenges. Through the analysis of 16 case studies based on primary sources, this study presents seven tactics, then clusters in three groups. They are discussed according to previous literature drawing reflections on the characteristics of the two-sided platform and their business model implications.

Communication strategy to improve women's political participation in Indonesia

This paper aims to determine how the communication strategy used to improve women's political participation in Indonesia. The essence of the communication strategy is planning and management to achieve one goal. To reach this goal, strategy functioned not only as a roadmap to lead the way but also has to show how the operational tactics. Communication strategy is a blend of communication planning and communication management to attain a specific purpose. To compose communication strategy, there are several factors which have to be considered necessary. First, knowing the public is the first step fora communicator to create effective communication. Note that in the communication process, the audience is active instead of passive. So between the communicator and communicant not only occurs relations but also influence that affect each other. Second, compile message, namely determining theme and subject. The main requirement to change public from this message is the capability to arouse their concern. The concern is a central observation. Thus not all who observed could trigger attention. Therefore the beginning of communication effectivity is the rise of the public’s attention toward the delivered messages.

Smart Cities: A Socio-Technical Perspective

This research paper elaborates upon the concept of Smart Cities and the evolution of the term itself throughout history in order to outline the emergence of two distinct schools of thought: technocentric and humancentric, which have shaped smart cities. The paper also categorizes smart cities based on these two perspectives and outlines the operational tactics associated with them. After discussing and summarizing the pros and cons of both perspectives, the viewpoint of a socio-technical system-based model for conceptualizing and re-thinking the smart city narrative is presented. This People, Activity, Context and Technology (PACT) based socio-technical ecosystem model and the manner in which it can overcome the shortcomings of the technocentric and the humancentric modes of thinking is thus presented as a way to understand the city and as a laboratory for initiating an ecology of informed smart innovations.

Building Interactive Communication with Google Classroom

Google Apps for Education (GAFE) is a technology is provided and designed for college by promoting the use of information technology and collaboration. One of Google Apps for Education products is Google Classroom being a learning media between for Lecturers and Students to build interactive communication. Interactive communication leads to good feedback in the form of educational transformation from learning source to learner. This is what improves the engagement for the students themselves. By the concept of digital classroom, students no longer just sit passively in the classroom, they are interested in themselves to explore the things offered by technology. Building interactive communication among students need a good strategy. Strategy not only serves as a concept map that shows only direction, but is able to demonstrate operational tactics to achieve the established goals. A teacher or lecturer who does not have a good teaching strategy will not be able to create good communication with students. Building interactive communication among students need a good strategy. Strategy not only serves as a concept map that shows only direction, but is able to demonstrate operational tactics to achieve the established goals. A teacher or lecturer who does not have a good teaching strategy will not be able to create good communication with students.

INWIGILACJA I INFILTRACJA JAKO EFEKTYWNE METODY UZYSKIWANIA INFORMACJI OPERACYJNYCH NA TEMAT ŚRODOWISKA PRZESTĘPCZEGO LUB KRYMINOGENNEGO

INVIGILATION AND INFILTRATION: EFFECTIVE METHODS FOR THE COLLECTION OF INFORMATION ON A CRIMINAL OR CRIMINOGENIC ENVIRONMENTSummaryThis article is an attempt to give a systematic presentation of the Polish police’s use of invigilation and infiltration of a criminal and/or criminogenic environment as operational and investigative methods to obtain information. The author presents the definitions of the concept of operational and investigative activities (czynności operacyjnorozpoznawcze) as put forward by the theoreticians, and discusses the methods it employs. He also defines the aims of the extra-judicial operations carried out by the authorised state entities, giving the legal grounds and principles governing operational tactics. He discusses the legalisation of documents used by police officers carrying out operations and persons assisting the police and prosecuting authorities. Another issue discussed are the ways in which information obtained from a criminal and/or criminogenic environment by means of invigilation and infiltration is used in criminal proceedings.