Separation equipment with increased well fluids separation capacity

Separation technique and technology improving to increase well production fluids separation effect is an important issue in the field of petroleum production and treatment. Due to the change in the size of separator containers, the increase in the separation equipment productivity has reached its maximum capabilities, and subsequent work in this direction is difficult and unjustified. Studying the gas-liquid flows movement in the separator, the in-package and in-rotor flows impact, changes in package design, the process of the dispersed phase and the flotation effect destruction will allow us to create a technological and technical basis for separation equipment performance ensuring in the future. Because of the study, the design of the apparatus with the best well production fluids separation was pro-posed, the use of which ensures the separation and dense fraction removal the through the discharge opening efficiency. Based on the presented research, a prototype apparatus was developed and machined.

Use of the electro-separation method for improvement of the utility value of winter rapeseeds

The paper presents the results of a study of the use of electro-separation methods for improvement of the utility value of 5 winter rapeseed cultivars. The process of electro-separation of rapeseed was conducted on a prototype apparatus built at the Laboratory of Application of Electro-technologies in Agriculture, Lviv National Agriculture University. The process facilitated separation of damaged, low quality seeds from the sowing material. The initial mean level of mechanically damaged seeds in the winter rapeseed cultivars studied varied within the range of 15.8-20.1%. Verification of the amount of seeds with mechanical damage was performed on X-ray images of seeds acquired by means of a digital X-ray apparatus. In the course of analysis of the X-ray images, it was noted that the mean level of mechanical damage to the seeds after the electro-separation was in the range of 2.1-3.8%. The application of the method of separation of rapeseeds in the corona discharge field yielded a significant reduction of the level of seeds with mechanical damage. The application of the method in practice may effectively contribute to improvement of the utility value of sowing material or seed material for production of edible oil.

Experiment Research of Polishing Capability of Magnetorheological Finishing with a Small Permanent Magnet Ball-End Tool

In order to resolve the difficulty in polishing work of complex shape, a new magnetorheological finishing (MRF) technology with a small permanent magnet ball-end tool is developed. Rotary symmetrical magnetic field generated by the small permanent ball-end tool, stiffen a magnetic fluid which is delivered by a slender needle tubing, in contact with a workpiece. The permanent magnet tool is hold by a slender cylindrical shank, so it won’t interfere with workpiece when polishing deep concave cavity. A prototype apparatus is established to study the processing characteristics of this polishing method. MRF spots are taken on stationary workpiece to study the influence of several processing parameters on the material removal function, such as, spindle speed, included angle and minimum gap between polishing tool and finishing-surface. A 3×3mm square on a fused quartz (FS) is polished and the surface roughness decrease from 81nm Ra to 1.5nm Ra after polishing for 100min.

Development of a Fabrication Process for the Manufacturing of a Microspherical Probe for Coordinate Measuring Machine Applications

In recent years, downscaled coordinate measuring machines (CMMs) are in demand and bring challenges to the development of micro/nanoscale probes for a variety of microscale structure measurement applications. A working prototype apparatus is developed in which a microspherical optical fiber probe tip is created from a strand of standard single mode silica optical fiber using an electric discharge technique. The Taguchi method has been used to investigate the general effects of probe fabrication conditions that result in controllable fabrication of a quality probe tip. With proper control of the process parameters, spherical optical fiber probe tips with the desired diameters in the range of 133–360 μm with a diameter variance within 3% and minimum spherical tip center offset of about 2.2 μm have been achieved. An economical and flexible technique for the fabrication of a quality microspherical probe for micro/nano-CMM application is developed in this work.

The Design of Optical Fiber Fault Locator Based on FPGA

This paper presents in detail optical fiber fault locator's operation principle, fabrication technology and application. A prototype apparatus has been fabricated, which reaches commercial standard, resolves the problem of traditional OTDR price expensive and the operation complicated . All component s including optical devices, electronic devices and data measurement are demonstrated. Furthermore, through measuring the fiber sample, the function and measurement efficiency of this apparatus is analyzed.

Water Management Concepts in PEMFC With Biomimetic and TRIZ Design Methods

Excessive water accumulation at the cathode can cause cathode flooding in a fuel cell. Two design methodologies, TRIZ (Theory of Inventive Problem Solving) and biomimetic design, were applied to address the problem. A concept generated from TRIZ involves reversing the direction of cathode flow periodically to introduce dryer gas to the previous outlet, where it is previously saturated, with the humidified gas exiting the previous inlet. The concept is intended to reduce the potential for a channel to flood. A prototype apparatus was created to evaluate the concept. It consisted of a cell with a bare Nafion™ membrane pressurized by water on one side and with air flowing on the other side. The prototype apparatus demonstrated a potential loss of overall water removal efficiency in air. Therefore, the flow direction reversal concept may not benefit an actual fuel cell. A second concept generated from the biomimetic design method involves gathering liquid water with cavities and directing the liquid water out of the flow channels. Cavities for water collection in the flow channels of a bipolar plate are created in two configurations. In the first configuration the cavity is created by extending a straight channel from the u-bend in the channel. In the second configuration, the cavity is created by a hole perpendicular to the channel into the bipolar plate. Once the liquid water is collected at cavities, the water is directed out of the cell with wicking materials. A prototype with injected liquid water demonstrated the potential benefits for a fuel cell.