Studies on Biology, Seed dispersal and Host interaction of Dendrophthoe falcata (L.f.) Etting. - A stem parasite of Mangifera indica L. (Mango)

The hemiparasitic plant, Dendrophthoe falcata (L.f.) Etting. known as Loranthus is a stem parasite, mostly prefers Mangifera indica L. (mango) as its host. Remarkable damage of the mango crop due to the adverse effect of Loranthus was identified in the field area. The occurrence and host preference of the D. falcata was systematically studied at eight field sites of Vizianagaram District. The vegetative, reproductive and parasitic characteristics of D. falcata were recorded periodically. The effective management strategies to control Loranthus were not employed in the study area because of the lack of knowledge on the host-parasite interaction. Keeping in mind, the investigation was conducted (October 2018 to June, 2019) in mango fields of Vizianagaram District of Andhra Pradesh to explore the biology, the host specificity, the occurrence, the pollination, the bird-host-parasite interaction and the effective control methods of D. falcata.

Isolasi dan Identifikasi Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak n-Heksana Batang Benalu (Dendrophthoe falcata (L.f) Ettingsh)

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksplorasi yang bertujuan untuk mengisolasi senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terdapat dalam ekstrak n- heksana batang benalu pohon kakao Dendrophthoe falcata (L.f) Ettingsh, yang berasal dari Desa Cendana, Kec. Burau, Kab. Luwu Timur Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan. Isolasi dilakukan dalam beberapa tahap yaitu maserasi, partisi dengan n-heksana, fraksinasi, uji kemurnian dan identifikasi. Hasil penelitian berupa isolat murni berbentuk kristal jarum berwarna putih dengan titik leleh 1400C. Hasil uji dengan pereaksi wagner membentuk endapan cokelat. Identifikasi dengan spektrum infra merah yang menunjukkan bilangan gelombang (cm-1) yakni: 3550,95 (N-H); 1696,36 (C=O); 1303,88 (CN), 2945,30 dan 2856,58 (CH alifatik), 883,40 (C-H aromatik), 1454,33 (C=C). Berdasarkan hasil IR dan Uji warna menunjukkan bahwa isolat diduga senyawa golongan alkaloid. Kata kunci : Isolasi Dendrophthoe falcata (L.f) Ettingsh, senyawa alkaloid ABSTRACT This study is exploratory research that aimed to isolate and identify the secondary metabolite compound contained in the n-hexane extract of D.falcata (L.f) Ettingsh from Cendana village, Burau district, Luwu Timur Regency of Makassar. Isolation is done in several stages; maceration, partitioning with n-hexane, fractionation, purification and dentification. The result was in pure needle crystal shape with a melting point of 140,2°C. The test result with the Wagner reagent test showed the formation of a brown precipited. Analyzing of IR Spectrum of Isolate showed Several wave numbers; 3550,95 (N-H); 1696,36 (C=O); 1303,88 (CN), 2945,30 dan 2856,58 (CH alifatik), 883,40 (C-H aromatik), 1454,33 (C=C). Based on the result of IR datas and reagen test it is suggest that the isolate is alkaloid compound. Keywords : Isolation, Dendrophthoe falcata (L.f) Ettingsh, alkaloid compound

Phytochemical and GC-MS Analysis of Dendrophthoe falcata (L.f.) Ettingsh Stem

Dendrophthoe falcata (L.f.) Ettingsh is an important medicinal plant belonging to the family Loranthaceae. It is perennial, climbing and woody parasitic plant of family Loranthaceae. It is ethnomedicinally used for treating ulcers, asthma, impotence, paralysis skin diseases and wounds. In the present study, an attempt was made to investigate the phytochemical constituents present in the Dendrophthoe falcata (L.f.) Ettingsh stem. The preliminary phytochemical screening in different solvents extract was done by using standard methods. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of carbohydrates, protein and amino acids, fixed oils and fats, saponins, sterols, alkaloids, phenols, tannins, flavonoids, anthocyanin and anthraquinones in different solvent extracts. GC-MS analysis was performed on the methanolic extract to find out the chemical constituents. The GC-MS study revealed the presence of about 51 bioactive compounds. Cyclopentasiloxane, Cyclohexasiloxane, Cycloheptasiloxane, Cyclooctasiloxane, Cyclononasiloxane, Phthalic acid, Hexadecanoic acid, Cyclodecasiloxane, Cyclononasiloxane, Tetracosane, Tetratriacontane, Benzoic acid, 1-Monolinoleoylglycerol trimethylsilyl ether, Octadecane, ç-Sitosterol are some of the major phytoconstituents reported from the sample. Further research work is needed on these identified compounds to analyse their mode of action and usefulness in phytopharmaceutical industries.

Seven New Additions to the Flora of West Bengal from Buxa Wildlife Sanctuary, Alipurduar

The present paper deals with 7 taxa, Acacia caesia var. subnuda (Craib) I.C. Nielsen, Bambusa cacharensis R.B. Majumdar, Dendrobium monticola P.F. Hunt & Summerh., Dendrophthoe falcata var. pubescens (Hook.f.) V. Chandras., Ficus fulva Reinw. ex Blume, Gymnema latifolium Wall., Mimosa diplotricha C. Wright ex Sauvalle which are new additions to the flora of West Bengal from Buxa Wildlife Sanctuary, Alipurduar district.