CHARACTERISTICS OF EUGENOL PRODUCTS AND IN VITRO RELEASE IN GEL BASE WITH HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE (HPMC) VARIANT AS GELLING AGENT

Objective: This research was conducted to examine the characteristics of the eugenol gel preparation in the Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) gel base and to determine the profile of the release of eugenol from the HPMC gel base. Methods: Eugenol was made into gel preparations using HPMC base with concentrations of 3%, 5% and 7%. The evaluation included the tests of product characteristic and eugenol release. The product characteristic test included organoleptic examination (texture, color, and odor) and tests of spreadability, adhesion, and pH. The release test was carried out using cell diffusion and cellophane membranes. Results: All formulas met the pH requirements of topical products that were safe to use. The spreadability test is between 2.97-6.27 cm, adhesion test of products>4 s. The percentage of determination of eugenol content in the gel formula (F1 105.81%), (F2 93.28%) and (F3 98.87%). The cumulative amount of eugenol was F1 (2.563 mg/cm2), F2 (2.224 mg/cm2), and F3 (1.895 mg/cm2). Conclusion: The variation of HPMC as a gel base has effects on the adhesion, spreadability, and the eugenol gel release profile, where the greater the HPMC concentration, the smaller the spreadability, the greater the adhesion, and the lower the eugenol release profile. Based on the data obtained, the Formula 1 had a better release rate.

The Product Characteristic of Electronic Money from the Perspective of the Negotiable Instruments Law

The development of currency trading is not only using the cash as a payment instrument for a transaction. For example is the emergence of non-cash payments such as negotiable instruments. That type of instrument offers a more effective and safer way than using the cash. Along with the development of the technology, a non-cash payment innovation emerged, which characteristics, at a glance, similar to negotiable instruments, such as credit cards, debit cards, and electronic money products which gives a safer and more efficient way than using the cash for a transaction. Based on this, led to the view that non-cash payment instruments such as credit cards, debit cards, and electronic money products can be classified as negotiable instruments. However, that classification must be done by reviewing the relevant regulations, such as Commercial Code and else and also observing the doctrines in the perspective of the science concerned, to state that the development of such instruments can be classified as negotiable instruments or not.Keywords: Negotiable instruments, Letter of Value, Credit Cards, Debit Cards, Electronic Money Products, Classification.

CULTURE - MEMORY OF THE WORLD, CONSENSUS FOR LIVING TOGETHER

. The present problem of today's society in the changing reality is that people living within their culture, assuming that culture is the remembrance of the past, but also the vision of the world leading to the future and creation common sense of life. The culture is measured by the traces left by it. This trace is a story based on creativity in and for the community. Conditional here, there is a quantum of social consent for the form and content of this culture. Such a cultural consensus is both reproduction and development. Consequently, the analysis of the characteristic traits of culture, as defined by contemporary anthropology, makes it possible to distinguish in culture the multiplicity and variety of the processes that lead to a work - a cultural product characteristic of a kind of force cultural. With all this in mind, you can perform a reflection that distinguishes three steps by successively developing the following: What is culture? What is the process of reproduction and development of culture?

ANALISIS BEBERAPA MOTIF PEMBELIAN BERDASARKAN KARAKTERISTIK PRODUK BORDIR HASIL SENTRA INDUSTRI KECIL DI KABUPATEN SIDOARJO PROPINSI JAWA TIMUR

This study is dedicated to expand embroidery product of small scale industry at Sidoarjo. The objective is to analyze the effect of buying motives based on embroidery product characteristic, such as price, design, style, color mixture, art value, result, quality and phisical appearance, toward its buying frequency.Based on study at Desa Kedensari and Desa Kludan Kecamatan Tanggulangin found that the 288 respondent, that included housewife, women workers, and young adult segment, state that price, design, color mixture, art value, result and quality effect the embroidery buying frequency. Price is the foremost characteristic that effect buying frequency.This study refuse the first hypothesis, that is price, design, style, color mixture, art value, result, quality and phisical appearance do not effect buying frequency concurrently. The stepwise test explain that (1) price, design, style, color mixture, art value, result, quality and phisical apearance effect the buying frequency for all respondents both separately and concurrently. Determination coefficient (R Squared) is 0,7341, means independent variable contribute to dependent variable as 73,41% and the 26,29% rest is from other independent variables. (2) Price is the foremost variable that effect buying frequency of embroidery product. Its contribution is 15,45%..