The Beautiful and the Fit Reap the Spoils: Body Image as a Condition for the Positive Effects of Electronic Media Communication on Well-being Among Early Adolescents

The effects of electronic media communication (EMC) and social media on young people’s health and well-being remain under debate, with no conclusive evidence on the connection between the two. By using data on 1,843 early adolescents aged 12–17 years provided by the Danish Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study and ordinary least squares (OLS) regression models and by measuring the intensity of EMC instead of the time spent on social media, the study finds that early adolescents tend to experience greater feelings of well-being with a higher intensity of EMC. However, this relationship is conditional. A negative perceptual body image acts as a moderator of the relationship between the intensity of EMC and well-being, whereas the positive relationship between EMC disappears under the condition of a negative body image. These findings provide nuance to the debates on the ways in which EMC affects young people.

Cyberbullying and Electronic Media Communication problematic use in Piedmont. Data from HBSC study

Background Cyberbullying seems to be an emerging public health issue worldwide. Several mental health problems have been reported in adolescents exposed to it. Spreading of smartphones and social networks in youths, requires to explore the eventually Electronic Media Communication (EMC) problematic use, in order to identify potentially negative health consequences in adolescents. This study aims to illustrate cyberbullying and to investigate whether an EMC inappropriate use could implicate an increased cybervictimization risk. Methods Data were collected as part of the Italian 2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study for the Piedmont region, which involved 3022 children of 11, 13 and 15 years old. Prevalence of cybervictimization, cyberbullying and EMC problematic use were estimated in subgroups defined by age and gender. The link between EMC problematic use and cyber-victimization/bullying was examined through a multivariate logistic regression. Results The average frequency of cybervictimization in Piedmont was low (7,4%), in line with the average distribution in Italy. 13 years old girls reported the highest proportions of both cybervictimization and EMC problematic use (10,30% and 12,08% respectively). Adolescents who reported EMC problematic use showed an increased risk of cybervictimization (OR = 2,45; p < 0,05). Conclusions Despite the low prevalence of cyberbullying in Italy, our data showed a greater risk of cybervictimization when the EMC use is inappropriate. Further investigations, starting from the HBSC study, are required to explore the cyberbullying phenomenon in depth. Key messages Cybervictimization risk is higher in EMC problematic use. Public health intervention and educational programs are deemed necessary for a more responsible EMC use, in order to prevent cyberbullying and mental health problems in adolescents.

Diskontinuitas Bahasa Komunikasi Media Elektronik Dosen dan Mahasiswa Fakultas Agama Islam Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

The issuance of regulations and appeals to the way of electronic media communication language in several universities are driven by lecturers' complaints about the number of communication from students via telephone, SMS, email, Whatsapp which is less ethical, in this case language plays an important role, the wording in non-communication Verbal through electronic media provides opportunities for considerable discontinuity in the meaning of sentences, because without visible intonation and expression, so it does not rule out the possibility of multi language interpretations of lecturers and students. This problem is said to be the generation difference is the reason for the creation of communication language discontinuity. This study aims to determine how the discontinuity and how the discontinuity forms of electronic media communication between lecturers and students. With descriptive qualitative research methods, the methods of data collection analysis, data condensation, display, and verification to find the results of the formulation of this research problem. The results observed are discontinuities in the language of communication between students and lecturers found in ways of communication that are not following the descriptive ethics intended by lecturers of the Faculty of Islamic Religion. The form of language discontinuity in student and lecturer communication is in the choice of diction.

Colloquiality and stylistics of online alternative news media

The main line of the study is bound to the conditions, demonstrations and effects of colloquiality (colloquialization) parameter that has been applied in the current electronic media communication sphere. Colloquiality as a non-verbal, structural and compositional attribute of a piece of communication is primarily present in the open, semi- and non-official communication contacts with direct, immediate involvement of their participants. In traditional print journalism built on the verified principles of printedness/ writtenness, colloquiality occurs as a secondary, accompanying attribute of the media communication pieces. Regardless of the genre affiliation of the newspaper products, it helps perform their, e.g., documentary, persuasive, captivating, characterizing, relieving or aesthetic functions. Apart from the parameter of printedness, both mainstream and alternative (complementary) online media generally calculate upon the advanced options of the visual code systems. Thus, language-based online newspapers are easily supplemented with simultaneous, additional, or substitutional means and procedures of cinematographic origin, e.g., a surprising choice, dynamic edition, purpose-made superposition of the text, audio and video sequences being applied through hyperlinking, audiovisual effects, etc. Besides, accompanying dialogization and consequent de-officialization of online newspapers are changing conventional characteristics of the journalistic style. The expanding zone of colloquiality loosens the standards of codified language in written/printed communication. Boundaries between the varieties in the framework of language stratification are already easily penetrable. The material base and argument platform of the study consist of author texts published in the Slovak online alternative news media.

Measurement of health and social behaviors in schoolchildren: Randomized study comparing paper versus electronic mode

Introduction Electronic survey mode has become a more common tool of research than it used to be previously. This is strongly associated with the overall digitization of modern society. However, the evidence on the possible mode effect on study results has been scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the comparability of findings on health and behaviours using a paper-versus-electronic mode of survey with randomization design among schoolchildren. Methods A randomized study was conducted using a mandatory questionnaire on international Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study in Lithuania, enrolling 531 schoolchildren aged 11–15 years. The questionnaire included health and social topics about physical activity, risk behaviours, self-reported health and symptoms, life satisfaction, bullying, fighting, family and school environment, peer relationships, electronic media communication, sociodemographic indicators, etc. The schoolchildren within classes were randomly selected for electronic or paper mode. Results It was found that by study mode differences are inconsistent and in the majority of cases do not exceed 5%-point difference between the modes. The only significant difference was that in the paper survey the participants reported more exercise than in the electronic survey (OR=8.08, P<.001). Other trends were nonsignificant and did not show a consistent pattern – in certain behaviours the paper mode was related to healthier choices, while in others - the electronic. Conclusions The use of electronic questionnaires in surveys of schoolchildren may provide findings that are comparable with concurrent or previously conducted paper surveys.

PERAN KOMPETENSI SOSIAL GURU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DI MADRASAH ALIYAH NEGERI KEMANTAN KABUPATEN KERINCI

Islamic Education teachers' social competence is still questionable and has not been done optimally and needs to be improved. The aims of this research are to find out how the role of social competence of the Islamic Education teachers' of Kemantan State Islamic School should be owned. Data and information are obtained from primary and secondary data from observations and interviews with Islamic Education teachers, as well as literature related to the focus of the study. The results of the study show that communication with Madrasah heads is generally good, but has not been done routinely. Communication with fellow teachers is still limited to subject group teachers. Communication with students has gone well, but is still oral and has not used communication in writing in the form of dictates / papers and electronic media. Communication with parents / guardians is still limited to parents living around madrasah. And communication with the community is still limited to madrasah committees and communities in their respective homes, and has not conducted research in the community.