Dynamic Electrode-to-Image (DETI) mapping reveals the human brain’s spatiotemporal code of visual information

A number of neuroimaging techniques have been employed to understand how visual information is transformed along the visual pathway. Although each technique has spatial and temporal limitations, they can each provide important insights into the visual code. While the BOLD signal of fMRI can be quite informative, the visual code is not static and this can be obscured by fMRI’s poor temporal resolution. In this study, we leveraged the high temporal resolution of EEG to develop an encoding technique based on the distribution of responses generated by a population of real-world scenes. This approach maps neural signals to each pixel within a given image and reveals location-specific transformations of the visual code, providing a spatiotemporal signature for the image at each electrode. Our analyses of the mapping results revealed that scenes undergo a series of nonuniform transformations that prioritize different spatial frequencies at different regions of scenes over time. This mapping technique offers a potential avenue for future studies to explore how dynamic feedforward and recurrent processes inform and refine high-level representations of our visual world.

The Influence of the Lotus Flower Theme on the Perception of Contemporary Urban Architecture

We live in the visual culture times, when images continuously and daily are transferring some information. A visual message is also an indispensable element of architecture, in the semantic layer as an aesthetic value, sometimes fulfilling a narrative function by means of a symbol, which is an international visual code. Most of the symbols, hidden in painting, sculpture, or architecture, are elements of nature. The article discusses examples of architecture whose form is based on a lotus flower. Unification of urban landscapes leads to a decrease in the value of aesthetic impressions; therefore, the unique architecture builds the unique identity of the place.

Diseño de un prototipo IoT para el monitoreo de material particulado en espacios reducidos utilizando ESP32 con servidor hospedado en la nube

El material particulado en el aire es uno de los elementos con mayor repercusión negativa en la salud humana, con presencia en el Ecuador. Dicha situación constituye un problema latente, con poca atención para su control, debido a los elevados costos para adquirir equipos o la existencia de empresas privadas que realicen dichas mediciones. El objetivo de la investigación es diseñar un prototipo de Internet de las Cosas para el monitoreo de material particulado en espacios reducidos, usando ESP32 con servidor hospedado en la nube. La investigación tiene un diseño experimental, con alcance descriptivo y enfoque mixto. El prototipo diseñado para la adquisición de datos utiliza módulos de censado y la configuración del protocolo de comunicación MQTT integrando la plataforma ThingSpeak. Con la investigación se determinó la utilización de materiales electrónicos asequibles, software libre para su programación y el uso de herramientas para el tratamiento y visualización de datos de manera remota. El diseño del prototipo incluyó cuatro módulos de censado, un sensor Nova SDS011 y un microcontrolador ESP32 en cada módulo. Se utilizó el entorno de desarrollo integrado Arduino y Visual Code, ambos de código abierto para la programación de censado y una red mesh. La información obtenida es enviada mediante la red Wi-Fi a una tarjeta Raspberry Pi 4, configurada como servidor local. La información es publicada mediante el protocolo MQTT en un servidor hospedado en la nube en la plataforma ThingSpeak, que permite la visualización y tratamiento de los resultados de manera remota.

Relational Systems Thinking

We explore the notion of the need to decolonize systems thinking and awareness. Taking a specifically Indigenous approach to both knowledge creation and knowledge sharing, we look at awareness-based systems change via a Haudenosaunee (Mohawk) two-row visual code. The authors explore the sacred space between Indigenous and non-Indigenous ways of thinking and knowing, to identify pathways for peaceful co-existence of epistemologies. Based on conversations with Haudenosaunee elders and Western systems thinkers, along with data from a DoTS webinar, we identify cross-cultural dialogues as a doorway to healing, to transformation and to spiritual understanding. A reconnection with Mother Earth and with each other is fundamental to disrupting global patterns of trauma and mass corrosion of the spirit.

Dynamic Electrode-to-Image (DETI) Mapping Reveals the Human Brain’s Spatiotemporal Code of Visual Information

A chief goal of systems neuroscience is to understand how the brain encodes information in our visual environments. Understanding that neural code is crucial to explaining how visual content is transformed via subsequent semantic representations to enable intelligent behavior. Although the visual code is not static, this reality is often obscured in voxel-wise encoding models of BOLD signals due to fMRI’s poor temporal resolution. We leveraged the high temporal resolution of EEG to develop an encoding technique based in state-space theory. This approach maps neural signals to each pixel within a given image and reveals location-specific transformations of the visual code, providing a spatiotemporal signature for the image at each electrode. This technique offers a spatiotemporal visualization of the evolution of the neural code of visual information thought impossible to obtain from EEG and promises to provide insight into how visual meaning is developed through dynamic feedforward and recurrent processes.

Pole Image in the Light of Media Texts Created in the Internet Space by Residents of Neighbouring Countries

The issue of national stereotypes requires, in the situation of dynamic changes in Europe and in the world, to update and consider new sources. A new area for tracking changes in the mutual perception of neighbouring nations are the texts of media culture, combining verbal and visual code. In the article, I elaborate on the legitimacy of using such intersemiotic messages, such as memes, demotivators, posters, advertisements, to study stereotypes. The Internet stereotype of a Pole functions on two levels, language and imagination, therefore it is a continuation of the national stereotype in a changed form.

Use of the New ICD-10 Vision Codes Among Medicare Beneficiaries With Stroke

Older adults can experience vision impairment following stroke in combination with pre-existing ophthalmologic disease. The new ICD-10 coding system for identifying vision related health conditions provides a much higher level of detail for coding these complex scenarios than the previous ICD-9 system. While this new coding system has advantages for clinical care and billing, the degree to which providers are utilizing the expanded code structure is unknown. The study objective was to describe the use of ICD-10 vision codes in a large cohort of stroke survivors. We used a retrospective cohort design to study national 100% Medicare claims files from 2015 through 2017. Data were analyzed using all available ICD-10 vision codes for beneficiaries who had an acute care stay because of a stroke and who also had an ICD-10 visual code recorded at least once in their claims chart. The cohort (n= 269,314) was mostly female (57.1%) with ischemic stroke (87.8%). Approximately 15% were coded as having one or more vision impairments. Unspecified glaucoma was the most frequently used code among men (2.83%), beneficiaries over 85+ (4.80%) and non-Hispanic blacks (4.12%). But multiple vision codes were used in few patients, overall (0.6%). Less than 3% of those in the oldest group (85+ years) had two vision codes noted in their claims. Despite more available codes, the coding used to describe the vision impairments in this population of stroke survivors was not specific or diverse. Hospital providers should pay attention to specificity in order to improve coding practices.

A Preliminary Report for the Design of MoS (Micro-Olive-Spreadsheet), a User-Friendly Spreadsheet for the Evaluation of the Microbiological Quality of Spanish-Style Bella di Cerignola Olives from Apulia (Southern Italy)

A user friendly spreadsheet (Excel interface), designated MoS (Micro-Olive-Spreadsheet), is proposed in this paper as a tool to point out spoiling phenomena in Bella di Cerignola olive brines. The spreadsheet was designed as a protected Excel worksheet, where users input values for the microbiological criteria and pH of brines, and the output is a visual code, much like a traffic light: three red cells indicate a spoiling event, while two red cells indicate the possibility of a spoiling event. The input values are: (a) Total Aerobic Count (TAC); (b) Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB); (c) yeasts; (d) staphylococci; (e) pH. TAC, LAB, yeasts, and pH are the input values for the first section (quality), while staphylococci count is the input for the second section (technological history). The worksheet can be modified by adding other indices or by setting different breakpoints; however, it is a simple tool for an effective application of hazard analysis and predictive microbiology in table olive production.

MAKNA KODE VISUAL DALAM SCENE FILM ANIMASI “ BATTLE OF SURABAYA”

The animated film "Battle of Surabaya" is one of the nation's children's work that is able to win various awards, both at national and international levels. In some scenes in this animated film, there is a visual code that contains information or messages delivered to the audience (audience). Through observing several scenes, it is found that there is a meaning of the visual codes contained in the scene. This study aims to analyze the aesthetic visual codes contained in the first, middle and end scenes of the animated film "Battle of Surabaya". Data collected through observation and literature study. Theories used as analysis are semiotics and postmodern aesthetic codes. The results of this study indicate that the meaning of the visual code in the animated film scene "Battle of Surabaya" namely: in the first scene, the action or action of the Indonesian government declared independence from the Dutch East Indies government as an act of the past that needed to be made; the scene is explaining the rejection of Indonesian independence, this action as the style of an animator in the sequence before and next; the final scene depicts the action of the main character (Musa) who unites the storyline sequence of the animated film "Battle of Surabaya", one of which implements the cultural value of please help as an act of popularizing Indonesian culture.