The domestic high school professional education system transformation: constraining factors and the assessment ambiguity

The social transformations that took place under the influence of globalization and neoliberalization at the turn of the 20th – 21st centuries led to the need for deep structural and functional changes in the system of domestic higher professional education. Despite the fact that over the past twenty years in domestic practice a lot of directive documents have been developed and a number of serious management decisions have been adopted that have a direct impact on the development of the Russian education system at all levels, the domestic higher school in many respects cannot reach a level that makes it possible to make a serious competition to the participants of the world scientific and educational space. A retrospective analysis of the main conceptual documents that determine the development of the domestic education system, carried out in the work, showed that reforms of the domestic higher education system often do not reach their logical conclusion, since they are predominantly declarative in nature, far from always supported by a legislative framework, which leads to inconsistency in practical actions on their implementation. The article reveals that the incompleteness of the reforms is largely due to the existing gaps in cooperation between the institutions of education, science and industrial production, which all conceptually significant documents declare, but in practice, close mutually beneficial cooperation between these actors does not sufficiently manifest itself. The author indicates that such interaction can be carried out through the development of university systems, which, being integrated into the economy of the regions and acting as a driver of innovative development, can contribute to increasing the competitiveness of Russian universities in the international scientific and educational space.

Digital transformation in the regions of Russia: estimates and reality

The article presents the problem of a comprehensive analysis of the socio-cultural prerequisites that determine the successful or unsuccessful implementation of the program of digitalization of the regions of Russia. A detailed examination of the tools for assessing the level of digitalization on the example of the methods for calculating the Skolkovo “Digital Russia” index and the regional digitalization index by I. V. Groshev and A. A. Krasnoslobodtsev showed their low informative value for understanding the factors leading to the formation of digital inequality in regions. The actuality of the problem is due not only to the need for an adequate assessment of the tools offered as convenient for comparing regions, but also by the following facts. On the one hand, the tasks of digitalization of education are of paramount importance in the framework of the federal development program. On the other hand, their implementation depends both on the local state of educational institutions and on solving a wider range of issues: staff training, providing employment opportunities for graduates, forming the need for highly qualified personnel in the region, etc. The novelty of the work is that the author consider the problem of studying the digital inequality of the regions of Russia with an emphasis on the issue of digitalization of education in the context of the existing regional socio-cultural prerequisites that determine the successful implementation of programs or prevent it. The application of institutional and functional approaches is of particular research interest, these approaches allow us to study the existing socio-cultural prerequisites in the regions as factors of stratification of Russian society that strengthen or weaken social inequality in the context of the development of a digital society. The author concludes that the solution of the problem of a comprehensive assessment of the socio-cultural prerequisites of the regional level of digitalization requires a detailed multi-factor analysis on a specific problem and direction of digitalization. The comparison of such data requires separate consideration of the indicators of socio-economic, demographic, and institutional development of the regions.

The use of training technology tools as the basis for its successful implementation in intra-organization training

The problem fields of research in the framework of the topic are the lack of classification of training methods in intra-organization training, the insufficient quality of the use of tools in the practice of intra-organization training, as well as the use of tools for evaluating and analyzing training activities. The highlighted aspects allowed us to determine the relevant vectors of the research: the competence of the coach, the systematization of training methods and techniques, the features of the use of the tools, the methodology of the tools for evaluation of training sessions. The most important characteristic of the competence of a corporate coach is the possession of the training technology tools at a high level. The article stands out the main competences of a corporate coach, such as focus on results, effective communication, effective self-presentation, persuasion and influence, confidence and stress resistance, creating a motivating educational environment. The authors pay particular attention to the phenomenon of pedagogical artistry, internal and external conditions of its development. The article introduces the basic training techniques (informational, stimulation, exercises for practical performance of work, group-dynamic exercises) and related training methods into the system. The authors consider the criteria and limitations that a trainer should to take into account when choosing training technology tools. The article introduces distinctions of tools when considering their arsenal (planning tools; direct implementation of the process; control (monitoring), evaluation and analysis of the results; post-training support). The authors indicate the following features of the use of training technology tools in intra-organization training: the formation of target guidelines for each stage of training implementation; determining tasks and the algorithm for training implementation; drawing up a training program; chronological planning of training units; planning of the necessary methodical support of training units; compliance with the principle of training planning based on an iterative model with one or more contours; the use of business and simulation games, exercises and tasks; using multiple studies scenarios for conducting classes; presenting information depending on the features of its perception; taking into account the target audience; taking into account the age characteristics of the audience, etc.

About building virtual worlds. Experience in teaching an interfacultural course at Lomonosov Moscow State University

Subject of the article is actual as never given the speed and volatility of data transfer and it’s processing. Authors have attended the topic of “digital transformation” multiple times, researching both negative and positive outcomes of this process. To define some of the potentially negative - alienation from other elements of life due to division of labor, personal and professional diviations. Some of the standing out positives - RnD and creative potential provided by virtual space, ability to effectively model technical and social processes, gamification as an additional tool of education development. This article is focused around the methodology of the elective education course “Constructing virtual worlds: game, science fiction and futurology” that was held in 2020/2021. Authors provide detailed description of how this course has been formed and method of its delivery to the audience. Being done as the dialogue between speakers and students, through the means of constant discussion, the course allowed not just to constantly receive and apply feedback to real-time, but also to form a thought process, reasonable for subjects in discussion. The course has provoked a lot of interest both in academic and industrial circles and has been discussed at multiple professional media platforms. Major results are ability to develop disciplines for new masters programs and programs of additional specialization. Authors are also confident that the course can be the beginning of new research and practical transdisciplinary fields aimed to explore vision and ideas of virtual space, cyber space and metaverse.

Aspects of chemical training of the personnel for organic farming

Organic farming is aimed at providing the population with high-quality safe agricultural products and preserving the ecological well-being of agrocenoses and adjacent territories. The implementation of this project is currently associated with a number of problems, for the solution of which educational institutions must train qualified personnel. The authors investigated the aspects of chemical training of specialists necessary for the development of organic farming. The article considers three groups of specialties: 1) farm specialists working with soil and plants (agronomists, soil scientists, ecologists); 2) specialists engaged in product processing (food production technologists, medicinal and essential oil raw materials technologists, biotechnologists, etc.); 3) specialists of laboratories for quality control of raw materials and finished products. Analysis of the labor functions of specialists, the goals and objectives of organic farming, as well as the experience of cooperation of the Department of Chemistry of the Russian State Agricultural University-Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K. A. Timiryazev with agricultural farms for the implementation of organic technology, showed that the most important components of chemical education are as follows: 1) basic chemical training that allows to understand and manage the dynamic processes occurring in the agrosphere; 2) modern instrumental methods of analysis necessary for quality and safety control of raw materials and products, agrochemical diagnostics of soils and water sources; environmental monitoring to assess the impact of agriculture on soil fertility; research activities; evaluation of processing, storage, packaging methods. Laboratory specialists should have the competence to perform physico-chemical determinations of test samples. Other groups of specialists should know the purpose of the methods, be able to interpret the results of determinations. The article presents educational programs of different levels (bachelor’s, master’s, qualification enhancement), which allow to form the necessary chemical competencies.

Comparative features of distance learning in regional universities

The global online transition has become a real challenge to the traditional form of education, which has prompted universities to reconsider the system of providing education services. The authors conducted a sociological study based on the investigation of the relationships of the academic teaching staff, their assessment of the effectiveness of the measures taken by the universities in organizing the transition to a distance learning (DL) format of education. Lecturers of regional universities of Russia, Kyrgyzstan and Mongolia took part in the study. The results of the study made it possible to identify the most organized and optimistic category of lecturers of Mongolian universities and focused attention on the main problems in the implementation of DL at all universities. The normalization of the epidemiological situation in the future, the restoration of the economic level of development of each country will enable the universities to define their approaches to the use of distance learning technologies (DLT) and their role in the traditional face-to-face education system in accordance with the needs of the students and the peculiarities of social life.

Talent management in the conditions of public service (on the example of Kazakhstan and Russia)

The process of improving the quality of public services directly depends on the professionalism of the public service personnel. In this regard, it is necessary to constantly engage in their professional training and increase the level of development of their professional competencies, to strive for the formation of maximum productivity and efficiency of their activities. All these issues are components of direction that has become popular recently – talent management, designed to use effectively the qualities of employees, which will allow them to make a significant contribution to the development of the organization. The article considers examples of the application of the talent management system both from the point of view of the direction of the development of the organization’s human capital, and from the point of view of designing competencies, improving the efficiency of activities, as well as a method of forming a personnel reserve. The article presents the experience of applying the talent management system in Russian science, analyzes the state and options for using various models of talent management by scientists and practitioners of Kazakhstan. The authors describe their own experience of participation in various research projects aimed at finding, developing and supporting talents in the conditions of public service. The article gives an example of such a project for the selection of talented young people (graduate students), who want in the future to enter the public service in the Republic of Kazakhstan and Russia. Finally, the authors draw conclusions about the impact of trends in the modernization of the public service in Kazakhstan and Russia on the development of the model of talent selection and management in this system of professional activity.

Сharacterization of the legal consciousness of young people and students in modern conditions

The legal foundation of a society is the basis of its existence and effective functioning. The legal consciousness occupies a special place in it. It acts as an integral part of people’s worldview, their life orientations, values and priorities. In Russia, the dynamics of the ongoing changes in the political and legal sphere is largely determined by the rethinking of the events of the recent past and the attempt by various forces of influence to comprehend the present adequately. Such close attention to the phenomenon of legal awareness is due to many changes taking place in the country and society. The consciousness of people in Russia is multipolar. Both internal and external factors influence on its formation, more often they are of a destructive nature. For example, the role of the hybrid war, which has been waged against Russia throughout its recent history and in which young people are actively involved, is great. Attempts to organize and conduct various actions with the participation of young people expose, among other things, the problems of our society, the state of legal awareness of young people involved in these events. This puts forward new tasks for working with young people, primarily students. The article reveals the concept of legal consciousness, considers its structure and types. The authors pay special attention to the сharacterization of the features of the modern legal consciousness in Russia. The article also characterizes legal socialization. Legal consciousness manifests itself in behavior. The authors rely on the results of the study on the legal behavior of young people. The presented factual material makes it possible to identify the cause-and-effect relationships between the legal consciousness and the factors affecting it. The article provides possibilities for the interested persons to use the presented theoretical and practical material in their work on the formation of the legal consciousness of modern Russian youth.