EVOLUÇÃO QUALITATIVA DOS PROCESSOS AVALIATIVOS EM UM CURSO DE PEDAGOGIA NA MODALIDADE DE EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar a investigação da evolução qualitativa de processo normativo e instrumental da avaliação em um curso de pedagogia a distância de uma instituição privada. Trata-se de meta-avaliação das normas sobre a avaliação e dos instrumentos na avaliação dos estudantes. A metodologia de trabalho considerou analisar até que ponto as normas de avaliação, bem como os próprios instrumentos de avaliação utilizados contribuem na evolução gradativa do desempenho dos estudantes no período de 2004 a 2017. Principais resultados: elaboração de novos instrumentos de avaliação e reelaboração de outros permite visualizar a evolução na melhoria de desempenho de estudantes; normas orientadoras de avaliação facultam perceber evolução da aprendizagem.Palavras-chave: meta-avaliação; avaliação formativa; instrumentos de avaliação; pedagogia; educação a distância. Qualitative developments in the current evaluation process of distance pedagogyAbstractThe objective of this study is to investigate the qualitative evolution of the normative and instrumental process of the ongoing evaluation of pedagogy at a distance from a private institution. This is a meta-evaluation of the norms on evaluation and the instruments in the evaluation of the students. The work methodology considered the extent to which the evaluation standards as well as the evaluation instruments used contribute to the gradual evolution of student performance in the period from 2004 to 2017. Main expected results: development of new evaluation tools and re-elaboration of others allows visualizing evolution in student performance improvement; norms of evaluation make it possible to perceive the evolution of learning.Keywords: meta-evaluation; assessment tools; pedagogy; distance education. Evolución cualitativa del procedimiento evaluado en curso de pedagogía a distanciaResumen El trabajo tiene por objetivo investigar la evolución cualitativa de proceso normativo e instrumental de la evaluación en curso de pedagogía a distancia de institución privada. Se trata de la meta-evaluación de las normas sobre la evaluación y los instrumentos en la evaluación de los estudiantes. La metodología de trabajo consideró analizar hasta qué punto las normas de evaluación, así como los propios instrumentos de evaluación utilizados, contribuyen a la evolución gradual del rendimiento de los estudiantes en el período 2004 a 2017. Principales resultados previstos: elaboración de nuevos instrumentos de evaluación y reelaboración otros permiten visualizar evolución en la mejora de desempeño de estudiantes; las normas orientadoras de evaluación permiten percibir la evolución del aprendizaje.Palabras clave: meta-evaluación; instrumentos de evaluación; pedagogía; educación a distancia.

Dynamics in Interacting Scalar-Torsion Cosmology

In a spatially flat Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker background space, we consider a scalar-torsion gravitational model which has similar properties to the dilaton theory. This teleparallel model is invariant under a discrete transformation similar to the Gasperini–Veneziano duality transformation. Moreover, in the gravitational action integral, we introduce the Lagrangian function of a pressureless fluid source which is coupled to the teleparallel dilaton field. This specific gravitational theory with interaction in the dark sector of the universe was investigated by using methods of the dynamical system analysis. We calculate that the theory provides various areas of special interest for the evolution of the cosmological history. Inflationary scaling solutions and the de Sitter universe are recovered. Furthermore, we calculate that there exist an attractor which provides a stable solution where the two fluid components, the scalar field and the pressureless matter, contribute in the cosmological fluid. This solution is of special interest because it can describe the present epoch. Finally, the qualitative evolution of the cosmographic parameters is discussed.

Qualitative Advancement in Inclusive Education in the Context of Societal Development: Dialectical Modelling

By applying a qualitative method of dialectical modelling, the following three models of inclusion are analysed: integration, inclusive special education, and universal design for learning. The prerequisites significant for the implementation of each model are tested by contradicting them against other models, in order to reveal education components and their connections that either strengthen or impede the qualitative evolution of inclusive believes and practice.The results of integrated education analysis underline the impulse of societal movement that encouraged the development of processes of inclusion and the restructuring of educational system; however, at the same time, they reveal the possibility of tension due to the desynchronization between various components of social and educational system. The reduction of tension and the sustainability of inclusive evolution requires the harmonisation of social believes and cultural experience.The analysis of the “Inclusive special education” model shows that any polarized attitude and educational effort towards different groups of pupils generates barriers for ensuring successful learning for all the pupils and shapes elements of educational segregation. In overcoming this barrier, the change in educators’ attitude and practice is significant, embracing the entirety of the learners and giving priority to professional co-operation.The connections between the components of universal design for learning model allow to cover the whole of the variety of learners and to aim at personal success for every pupil. A universal educational environment that corresponds with the variety of educational needs is the core precondition for a good quality inclusive education.

From the Roots to the Present of Personal Financial Planning – Achievements on the 50th Anniversary of the Movement

The purpose of the article The aim of the article is to present the reasons for the emergence of personal and financial planning in the 1960s in the US, and then its quantitative and qualitative evolution around the world, taking into account institutional aspects. Methodology Review of the literature on the subject, legal acts and statistics of the financial advisory movement. Results of the research The study found that personal financial planning emerged from a grassroots initiative as a response to the needs of consumers and progressive representatives of the financial sector. Its territorial expansion beyond its homeland was associated with a growing awareness of the benefits of financial advisory services to households. Before the entire financial planning movement there is enormous growth potential.

Diversifying relationships: Russian policy toward GCC

The interaction between Russia and Gulf countries represents the story of ups and downs, severe conflicts and sharp warmings that can largely be explained by the permanently changing role and place of each of these players at the global and Middle Eastern political arenas. After Russia's “return” to the Middle East in 2012–2015, Moscow's foreign policy towards the Gulf can be explained in terms of a bargaining strategy. On the one hand, Russia is trying to underline its importance and relevance to the GCC by putting forward diplomatic and political initiatives. The Kremlin uses its direct or indirect presence in the key regional conflicts such as the Syrian, Libyan and Yemeni civil wars as well as the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and Iran’s nuclear issue. On the other hand, Russia is interested in building up stronger economic cooperation with the GCC, drawing bigger volumes of investments from the Gulf to Russia’s broken economy, as well as coordinating efforts with Saudi Arabia in the global oil market. While, in the near future, the qualitative evolution of Russia’s relations with the GCC is hardly possible, there are still options for their deepening within the current level of interaction between Moscow and the Gulf.

Journalistic Fact-Checking of Information in Pandemic: Stakeholders, Hoaxes, and Strategies to Fight Disinformation during the COVID-19 Crisis in Spain

The public health crisis created by COVID-19 represents a challenge for journalists and the media. Specialised information in healthcare and science has turned into a need to deal with the current situation as well as the demand for information by society. In this context of increased uncertainty, the circulation of fake news on social networks and messaging applications has proliferated, producing what has been known as ‘infodemic’. This paper is focused on the fact-checking of journalistic content using a combined methodology: content analysis of information denied by the main Spanish fact-checking platforms (Maldita and Newtral) and an in-depth questionnaire to these stakeholders. The results confirm the quantitative and qualitative evolution of disinformation. Quantitatively, more fact-checking is performed during the state of alarm. Qualitatively, hoaxes increase in complexity as the pandemic evolves, in such a way that disinformation engineering takes place, and it is expected to continue until the development of a vaccine.

Impacts of Environmental Sustainability Measures on Rural Accommodation

Rural tourism is currently one of the most dynamic segments of tourism demand, and rural accommodation is one of the accommodation choices most in demand. Based on various documentary sources, the goal of this article was to analyse aspects related to the qualitative evolution of this activity that have led to the rapid growth of this type of accommodation. Using a purpose-built database generated from the information obtained from our own survey, which was developed following other studies on this topic, we applied a partial least squares model to analyse the impacts on the environment in terms of the offer and their relationship with environmental management. The results show that the attitude of rural establishment managers has a decisive influence on the behaviour of their clients regarding ecological respect and a positive impact on water and energy consumption.

New pathomorphological classification of subdural hematomas

Objective - to develop a pathomorphological classification of subdural hematomas, which reflects the aspects of their pathogenesis and time of occurrence that are important for forensic analysis. Materials and methods. The study is based on a prospective pathomorphological analysis of the qualitative evolution of 200 of subdural hematomas in closed and open non-penetrating craniocerebral trauma. Results. The new pathomorphological classification of subdural hematomas is developed. It takes into account a hierarchical sequence of hematoma characteristics: the presence and severity of organization; the genesis of encapsulation and resorption, and the mechanism of organization. Conclusion. The developed pathomorphological classification is recommended for use in the course of forensic or medical expert analysis of subdural hematomas.

Methodology of jurisprudence in the context of the paradigm of scientific rationality

The article examines the methodological problems of jurisprudence, caused by a change in the paradigms of scientific rationality and corresponding to the level of conceptual structures. This level is characterized by problems of understanding the qualitative evolution of knowledge, as well as an appeal to a more abstract, rather than objective, level of understanding of reality. The named level, usually called philosophical, can be based on two genetically different axioms, namely philosophy, including the philosophy of the phenomenon being studied, as well as the philosophy and epistemology of science. At the same time, the difference in the initial axioms determines the difference in the final conclusions for an apparent terminological similarity. At present, philosophy in jurisprudence is mainly represented by postmodernism; the philosophy of law searches for the demarcation line between the philosophical-legal and theoretical-legal knowledge; the philosophy and epistemology of science that has developed within the framework of natural sciences is aimed at analyzing the foundations of models of scientific rationality, applicable, in particular, to the socio-humanitarian sphere. The legal distancing from classical rationality is represented by two main directions: the overcoming of classical rationality and appeal to the synergy and nonlinear dynamics. For the understanding of the law is enough selection of classical and post-classical type of rationality, while the conjugate with the state of knowledge of social management issues should be allocated classical, non-classical and post-nonclassical types of rationality. The postnonclassical paradigm (synergetics) allows us to consider the existence of unique (historical) open unstable nonlinear hierarchical dynamic complex, attractive self-developing subject systems, included in the sociocultural context, under external chaos and interacting with other subjects and subject systems. As a result, the state and law conceptualized as dynamic organic selfregulating non-equilibrium systems, and in the subject field of law include the idea of philosophy, nonlinear dynamics and mathematical simulation of evolutionary and catastrophic processes that transforms the object and the subject of law and includes in it a number of qualitatively new methodological orientations.