Impacts of building layout on pedestrian level wind comfort and gas pollutant diffusion

Introduction: The impacts of building layout on pedestrian level wind comfort and gas pollutant diffusion are simulated using computational fluid dynamics method. Materials and methods: The control equations of flow and pollutant diffusion are solved by using ANSYS Fluent. The SIMPLE algorithm is selected for the pressure-velocity coupling. The data from wind tunnel experiment at Tokyo Polytechnic University is employed in the validation case. Results: The velocity field and turbulence intensity at pedestrian level under different building layouts are obtained. The distribution and evaluation of wind comfort grade and pollutant concentration are given. Conclusion: Building layouts have significant impacts on flow and pollutant diffusion at pedestrian level. The outward staggered layout of building group can improve both wind comfort grade and air quality, but the inward staggered layout has the adverse effect. Non-staggered layouts are the worst in terms of the wind comfort grade in this paper.

Study on Wind Environment Influencing Factors and Layout of Urban Ordinary Residence

In the architectural planning and design, the commonly used architectural layout forms are determinant, diagonal, etc. Because of its centralized and symmetrical layout form, determinant architecture has been widely used in urban architectural design. Due to the high density of multi span buildings, the ventilation effect is not good, so this paper mainly studies the influence of multi span building layout on the wind field of urban ordinary residence. In order to optimize the wind environment of the building, a 7-story residential area was modeled and calculated by CFD. Through the analysis of wind field characteristics at different building heights, the results show that the total wind speed in Z direction of the building is the smallest, about 3.354 m/s; At the same time, the overall wind pressure values are within 5Pa of the standard wind pressure difference, but we still need to pay close attention to the possible environmental impact at the outlet of the determinant residence.

Living on the edge: Occupying the facade to enrich urban density

<p>Living on the edge critiques oppressive aspects of urban living. It advocates façade occupation to enhance the experience of density and enrich the street edge to achieve a vibrant and metropolitan New Zealand. Sited in Te Aro, Wellington Central, the project proposes a citywide inversion of the typical high-rise building layout, relocating primary circulation to the street edge to dramatically reform the spatial relationships between dwelling, building and street. The project is an inhabitable facade system comprised of various combinations of the colannade, the gallery and the annexe. This can be applied to existing or integrated with new buildings and varied in response to specific street conditions. By creating multifunctional outdoor living integrated with circulation spaces, the design offers a vision for vertical communities with enhanced dwelling amenity to encourage more New Zealanders to embrace high density living.</p>

Living on the edge: Occupying the facade to enrich urban density

<p>Living on the edge critiques oppressive aspects of urban living. It advocates façade occupation to enhance the experience of density and enrich the street edge to achieve a vibrant and metropolitan New Zealand. Sited in Te Aro, Wellington Central, the project proposes a citywide inversion of the typical high-rise building layout, relocating primary circulation to the street edge to dramatically reform the spatial relationships between dwelling, building and street. The project is an inhabitable facade system comprised of various combinations of the colannade, the gallery and the annexe. This can be applied to existing or integrated with new buildings and varied in response to specific street conditions. By creating multifunctional outdoor living integrated with circulation spaces, the design offers a vision for vertical communities with enhanced dwelling amenity to encourage more New Zealanders to embrace high density living.</p>

Development and application of a street-level meteorology and pollutant tracking system (S-TRACK)

A multi-model simulation system for street level circulation and pollutant tracking (S-TRACK) has been developed by integrating the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF), the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and the Flexible Particle (FLEXPART) models. The winter wind environmental characteristics and the potential impact of a traffic source on nearby sites (about 300 to 400 m) in Jinshui district of Zhengzhou, China are analyzed with the system. It is found that the existence of buildings complicates the structure of the wind fields. The wind speed inside the building block is smaller than the background wind speed due to the dragging effect of dense buildings. Ventilation is better when the dominant airflow is in the same direction as the building layout. Influenced by the building layout, local circulations show that the windward side of the building is mostly the divergence zone and the leeward side is mostly the convergence zone, which is more obvious for high buildings and influencing air pollution transport at the street-level. Using the traffic source (line source) on a road within a city block, the system was applied to investigate the potential impact of a line source on specific sites under the influence of the streel-level circulations. The potential contribution ratio was estimated by the method of residence time analysis and to a particular site found to vary with the height of the site with a peak not at the ground but on a certain height. The results of the study are helpful to understand the characteristics of wind environment and effect of traffic emissions in the area, which is important to improve urban living environment and control air pollution.

Study of Dramaturgy Applied by The Selected Bureau of Architectural Consultants in Indonesia

Every architect has a different view and thought about something in designing a building. The basis of ideas design to a building is gained from experience, imagination, creativity, education, etc. Every professional architect also owns cognitive to express how the architecture works implemented through the design of a building. In architecture, there is a theory that connects drama and architecture in everyday life, dramaturgy. This article aims to see the concepts of dramaturgy in the works of the architectural consulting bureau responsible for, Omah Boto building, Aceh Tsunami Museum, and Phinisi Unm Tower. This study uses a qualitative method with data collection carried out using literature studies. Furthermore, the analyzed data is then presenting in descriptive for a more informative series. Data analysis aims to explore the relevance of the dramaturgy application in architecture to the thinking of architects in Indonesia. The results of the study show dramaturgy in architecture is used as a match between contemporary theater art and architecture. All three architectural consultants have used elements of dramaturgy in the design process. The three architectural consultants have used aspects of dramaturgy in their design process. The application of the basic concepts of dramaturgy used is an exterior setting of the building, Goals or ideas, building layout settings, visual instructions, and motion direction.