Teaching in Geriatrics: Is structured written feedback effective for lectures

Background Although there have been discussions about traditional lecturing, lectures are still largely a widespread concept of knowledge transfer. Therefore, it is important to constantly review and evaluate this format. The aims of this study were to analyze which effect a criteria-based written feedback has on the lecture course in geriatrics as an alternative to the conventional student evaluation. Furthermore, we wanted to investigate what kind of impact structured feedback has on lecturers in terms of content, organization and quality. Methods The study was a prospective longitudinal analysis. The 34 lectures on the subject of geriatrics were analyzed over two cohorts using a standardized evaluation sheet. The assessment was carried out on a 5-point-scale using a 22-item feedback instrument. After the first evaluation, each lecturer received an individual evaluation with strengths and suggestions for improvement. In the second cohort the lecture series was evaluated again, and individual feedback was sent. Results In six of 22 sub-categories the improvement was significant. The most significant improvement was made in terms of content/structure with an increase from 3.4 to 4.3 points. Conclusion This study shows that significant improvement in teaching is possible by means of individualized written feedback for the lecturers and that students perceive the resulting improvements positively. Our results suggest that the implementation of these feedback instruments in other modules might improve their teaching as well.

Study for the interaction between the medium in the middle ear and vibro-acoustic transmission

This study presented a quantitative evaluation index related to sound response for diagnosis of middle ear condition. The signal transmission paths for human perception of sound are divided into bone conduction and air conduction, respectively, depending on the path through which vibration and sound are transmitted. The components of auditory system that can affect the sound signal variability include temporal bone, ear canal, eardrum, and middle ear cavity. The specific acoustic impedances were obtained through simple geometric model of the auditory components, and the sound transmission mechanism was implemented through the outer-middle ear circuit model. The frequency range corresponding to the resonance characteristics of each components were calculated. The response difference for the medium of middle ear was confirmed by deriving frequency response function between the input sound and the output sound in the frequency domain through the transfer function method. The reliability of the algorithm was confirmed through the ROC curve, and individual evaluation indexes were derived according to the priority factor between classification accuracy and error rate.

Case Report: Sars-CoV-2 Infection in a Vaccinated Individual: Evaluation of the Immunological Profile and Virus Transmission Risk

During the COVID19 pandemic, a range of vaccines displayed high efficacy in preventing disease, severe outcomes of infection, and mortality. However, the immunological correlates of protection, the duration of immune response, the transmission risk over time from vaccinated individuals are currently under active investigation. In this brief report, we describe the case of a vaccinated Healthcare Professional infected with a variant of Sars-CoV-2, who has been extensively investigated in order to draw a complete trajectory of infection. The patient has been monitored for the whole length of infection, assessing the temporal viral load decay, the quantification of viral RNA and subgenomic mRNA, antibodies (anti Sars-CoV-2, IgA, IgG, IgM) and cell-mediated (cytokine, B- and T-cell profiles) responses. Overall, this brief report highlights the efficacy of vaccine in preventing COVID19 disease, accelerating the recovery from infection, reducing the transmission risk, although the use of precautionary measures against Sars-CoV-2 spreading still remain critical.

Analysis of Attendance and Speleotourism Potential of Accessible Caves in Karst Landscape of Slovakia

Caves represent natural phenomena that have been used by man since ancient times, first as a refuge and dwelling, and later as objects of research and tourism. In the karst landscape of Slovak Republic in Central Europe, more than 7000 caves are registered in a relatively small area, of which 18 are open to the public. This paper deals with the analysis of the speleotourism potential of 12 of these caves, administered by the Slovak Caves Administration. Based on the obtained data, we first evaluate the number of visitors in 2010–2019. Using a public opinion survey among visitors, we then evaluate the individual indicators of quality and each cave’s resulting potential. We use a modified standardization methodology and standardization of individual evaluation criteria weights for individual evaluation indicators. The resulting values of the potential of caves for speleotourism point to the great importance of these sites for domestic and foreign tourism and the protection of nature and landscape, as 5 of these caves have been part of the UNESCO World Natural and Cultural Heritage List since 1995.

Restoration of Endodontically Treated Teeth

A tooth that has been properly treated endodontically should have a good prognosis. It can resume full function and if necessary serve satisfactory as an abutment for a fixed and removable partial denture. However special techniques are needed to restore such a tooth. Traditionally, a pulpless tooth received a dowel or post to “reinforce” it and a crown to “protect” it. Until the introduction of ZnPO4 cement in the last century. The major problem with their use was that of post retention. Currently, the clinician can use a variety of port and core systems for the different endodontic and restorative requirements. However, no single system provides the perfect restorative solution for every clinical circumstance, and each situation requires individual evaluation.

Development research on unitary moral learning programme which tackles various moral education issues, with a focus on the 'special subject of moral education'

Unfortunately, racism, cultural and religious discrimination, homophobia and other forms of discrimination remain prevalent in society. Instilling the key tenets of ethics and morality is important in helping overcome these issues. This starts at an early age with the education of schoolchildren and Yoshio Oshitani is a researcher based at Mukogawa Women's University, Japan, who is exploring moral education and social issues in schools. Oshitani's focus is on cultivating moral judgement, moral sentiment and motivation to practice morality among schoolchildren. Ultimately enabling them to be raised to live independently with moral practice. To do this, it is important to address existing issues in the Japanese school system and introduce a focus on moral education. As such, Oshitani and his team have developed a class whereby one hour a week schoolchildren use textbooks and other teaching materials to understand moral values that can enable us all to live better and consider moral events and situations from multiple perspectives. The development of each child is monitored through individual evaluation, (evaluating areas of growth) with their sense of moral values considered. Ultimately, Oshitani believes that if children can be introduced to morality from an early age, this will lead to a better, more accepting future society.

Hamacher Interactive Hybrid Weighted Averaging Operators under Fermatean Fuzzy Numbers

A Fermatean fuzzy set is a more powerful tool to deal with uncertainties in the given information as compared to intuitionistic fuzzy set and Pythagorean fuzzy set and has energetic applications in decision-making. Aggregation operators are very helpful for assessing the given alternatives in the decision-making process, and their purpose is to integrate all the given individual evaluation values into a unified form. In this research article, some new aggregation operators are proposed under the Fermatean fuzzy set environment. Some deficiencies of the existing operators are discussed, and then, new operational law, by considering the interaction between the membership degree and nonmembership degree, is discussed to reduce the drawbacks of existing theories. Based on Hamacher’s norm operations, new averaging operators, namely, Fermatean fuzzy Hamacher interactive weighted averaging, Fermatean fuzzy Hamacher interactive ordered weighted averaging, and Fermatean fuzzy Hamacher interactive hybrid weighted averaging operators, are introduced. Some interesting properties related to these operators are also presented. To get the optimal alternative, a multiattribute group decision-making method has been given under proposed operators. Furthermore, we have explicated the comparison analysis between the proposed and existing theories for the exactness and validity of the proposed work.