Challenges for Collecting Questionnaire-Based Onsite Survey Data in a Niche Tourism Market Context: The Case of Wine Tourism in Rural Areas

Questionnaire-based surveys are among the most widespread data collection methods in tourism research. However, the special features of rural tourism, with frequently spontaneous, non-massive visitation patterns and sparse visitor numbers, pose challenges to onsite questionnaire administration. Researchers must address these problems to make sample recruitment easier and more effective, while maintaining the goals of representativeness of population and data validity. Using the rural wine tourism context, this article identifies the major challenges for questionnaire-based onsite surveys and suggests best practice procedures. Challenges are discussed using three complementary perspectives: of the supply agents, of the research subjects (the visitors) and of the researchers. The article presents the theory and case study-inspired reflection on the potential strategies of overcoming these challenges and guaranteeing the largest possible number of visitors surveyed in contexts where visitors are few. The discussion includes the questionnaire’s characteristics; the physical setting of its administration; the researchers involved; the visitors approached; the social interactions and influences occurring during the process. Issues with the future use of alternative online forums are also discussed.

Konsep diri dan motivasi melanjutkan pendidikan ke perguruan tinggi pada remaja panti asuhan “x”

The low number of high school graduates in Purworejo who continue their education to college is caused by the students’ concerns about the high cost of education and lack of student confidence in their abilities. One of those who experienced this was an orphanage teenager. Teenagers in orphanages are teenagers who are deliberately entrusted by their parents to get a decent life and education. This study aims to determine the relationship between self-concept and motivation to continue education to college. The sample recruitment was determined using cluster random sampling method and found 81 teenage orphanages as participants. The instruments used are the Motivation Scale Continuing Education to Higher Education with 43 (a = 0.930) and the Self Concept Scale with 25 (a = 0.870). The results of a simple regression analysis showed that there is a significant positive relationship between self-concept and motivation to continue education to college (F = 105.700; p < 0.05; r = 0.756). SE contributed 57,632% of the motivation to continue their education to college. Keywords: Motivation to continue study to the college, orphanage teenager, self-concept

Measuring Anticipated Loss of Aging Parents: Development of the Parent Anticipatory Loss Scale

Background and PurposeResearch indicates non-caregiving adult children with aging parents experience anticipatory loss for parents that consists of feelings of gratitude, sadness, and worry. The purpose of this research was to develop the Parent Anticipatory Loss Scale.MethodsInterview data from non-caregiving adult children and extant literature formed the basis for creating items measuring three components of Parent Anticipatory Loss. Expert content validity was established prior to administering the survey to a convenience sample of non-caregiving (N = 315), mostly Caucasian (n = 182, 57.6%) men (n = 202, 63.9%). The crowdsourcing platform, Mechanical Turk, provided an innovative method for sample recruitment.ResultsQuestions were eliminated as indicated during analysis, yielding a 19-item scale (α = 0.93) with three subscales (α = 0.897 for Gratitude, α = 0.841 for Sadness, and α = 0.833 for Worry). Exploratory factor analysis (Varimax rotation) showed gratitude accounted for 46% of the variance, with sadness and worry accounting for 9.5% and 5.3%.ConclusionsThe Parent Anticipatory Loss scale demonstrates good initial reliability and validity and can be used to measure anticipatory loss for aging parents. Further testing with cross cultural samples is warranted.

Addressing Substance Use Utilizing a Community-Based Program among Urban Native American Youth Living in Florida

This study was conducted in Florida among two urban Native American youth programs that are sponsored by urban Native American community organizations. Convenience and snowballing were used as a sample recruitment strategy. Assignment to the experimental condition (UTC) and the control condition (SE) was established by randomizing the two community youth program sites to the two conditions. Utilization of a culturally relevant theory, Native-Reliance, guided the intervention approach for the prevention of substance use among urban Native American youth. Results of this study provided evidence that a culturally based intervention was significantly more effective for the reduction of substance use interest and general well-being than a non-culturally based intervention for urban Native American youth. Prevention programs for urban Native American early adolescent youth that utilize Native American strengths, values, and beliefs to promote healthy behavior and reduce the harm associated with high-risk behaviors such as substance use are strongly recommended.

All-natural versus organic: are the labels equivalent in consumers’ minds?

Purpose This paper aims to investigate inferences consumers make about organic and all-natural labeled products in both food and non-food contexts using the health halo effect as a theoretical foundation. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses three experiments to test the effects of organic and all-natural labeling across three product types, food, personal hygiene and household cleaning, while controlling for environmental attitudes. Findings The results of the experiments in the context of food, personal hygiene and household cleaning products suggest that both organic and all-natural labeling produce halo effects. Distinct findings are presented across the three product types. Research limitations/implications Findings indicate that consumers may make unwarranted inferences about both organic and all-natural labeled products and demonstrates that the health halo effect is a potentially robust phenomenon, pervasive across a diverse array of products. This research used a crowdsourcing platform for sample recruitment. Future research should validate the results of these experiments with other sample types. Practical implications This research suggests that consumers may make similar unwarranted inferences for diverse products bearing organic and all-natural labels. These inferences are particularly intriguing given the differing regulatory requirements for the labels Originality/value Organic and all-natural labels are ubiquitous in both food and non-food products. However, research on either label primarily exists in a food context and has not directly compared the labels. Understanding the inferences consumers make based on the labels across product types is imperative for both marketing and public policy.

Tapped Out or Barely Tapped? Recommendations for How to Harness the Vast and Largely Unused Potential of the Mechanical Turk Participant Pool

Mechanical Turk (MTurk) is a common source of research participants within the academic community. Despite MTurk’s utility and benefits over traditional subject pools some researchers have questioned whether it is sustainable. Specifically, some have asked whether MTurk workers are too familiar with manipulations and measures common in the social sciences, the result of many researchers relying on the same small participant pool. Here, we show that concerns about non-naivete on MTurk are due less to the MTurk platform itself and more to the way researchers use the platform. Specifically, we find that there are at least 250,000 MTurk workers worldwide and that a large majority of US workers are new to the platform each year and therefore relatively inexperienced as research participants. We describe how inexperienced workers are excluded from studies, in part, because of the worker reputation qualifications researchers commonly use. Then, we propose and evaluate an alternative approach to sampling on MTurk that allows researchers to access inexperienced participants without sacrificing data quality. We recommend that in some cases researchers should limit the number of highly experienced workers allowed in their study by excluding these workers or by stratifying sample recruitment based on worker experience levels. We discuss the trade-offs of different sampling practices on MTurk and describe how the above sampling strategies can help researchers harness the vast and largely untapped potential of the Mechanical Turk participant pool.

Prevalence of migraine in a diverse community—electronic methods for migraine ascertainment in a large integrated health plan

Introduction The growing availability of electronic health data provides an opportunity to ascertain diagnosis-specific cases via systematic methods for sample recruitment for clinical research and health services evaluation. We developed and implemented a migraine probability algorithm (MPA) to identify migraine from electronic health records (EHR) in an integrated health plan. Methods We identified all migraine outpatient diagnoses and all migraine-specific prescriptions for a five-year period (April 2008–March 2013) from the Kaiser Permanente, Northern California (KPNC) EHR. We developed and evaluated the MPA in two independent samples, and derived prevalence estimates of medically-ascertained migraine in KPNC by age, sex, and race. Results The period prevalence of medically-ascertained migraine among KPNC adults during April 2008–March 2013 was 10.3% (women: 15.5%, men: 4.5%). Estimates peaked with age in women but remained flat for men. Prevalence among Asians was half that of whites. Conclusions We demonstrate the feasibility of an EHR-based algorithm to identify cases of diagnosed migraine and determine that prevalence patterns by our methods yield results comparable to aggregate estimates of treated migraine based on direct interviews in population-based samples. This inexpensive, easily applied EHR-based algorithm provides a new opportunity for monitoring changes in migraine prevalence and identifying potential participants for research studies.