Theoretical and Pedagogical Foundations of Training Students in a Multifunctional Educational and Technological Cluster

The article discusses the theoretical foundations for creating a multifunctional educational and technological cluster with the participation of institutions of higher, secondary vocational and general education, enterprises, social partners. A brief overview of the study of the problems of creating clusters is given, prerequisites, features, goals, main strategies, structural organization, stages of formation and expected results of the implementation of a multifunctional educational and technological cluster are presented.

9.2. SOCIO-ECONOMIC ISSUES AND RETROSPECTION ABOUT MANPOWER TRAINING IN THE AREA OF SUPERCOMPUTING TECHNOLOGIES FOR DIGITAL INDUSTRY

Рассматривается существо проблемы подготовки кадров для формирующейся в Российской Федерации цифровой экономики. При этом главное внимание уделяется ключевому ее сегменту – цифровой индустрии, становление и развитие которой решающим образом влияет на экономическое развитие страны. Следуя традициям Санкт-Петербургского политехнического университета, в своем рассмотрении авторы опираются на развитие фундаментальных основ естественнонаучного знания, которые всегда служили основой развития инженерного анализа и проектирования, являющееся научно-техническим ядром производства. В фокусе внимания находятся такие важнейшие технологии исследования и явлений природы, и проведения инженерных расчетов, как методы математического анализа, которые со второй половины ХХ в. на основе применения вычислительных машин приобрели черты технологий математического моделирования. При этом математическое моделирование как некоторый тотальный инструментарий развивается сегодня чрезвычайно бурными темпами, вовлекая в процесс своего развития самые передовые подходы математики, физико-механики и компьютерных (суперкомпьютерных) технологий. Как, на какой основе и по каким направлениям готовить специалистов для различных отраслей? – на этот вопрос мы пытаемся хотя бы частично ответить в настоящей работе. The paper considers the essence of manpower training for the digital economy, which is being built in Russia. The priority is given to a key segment of the digital economy – digital industry, which has a crucial effect on the national economic development. Following the traditions of St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, in their research the authors rely on the development of knowledge fundamentals in natural sciences, which has always been the foundation for the progress of engineering analysis and design, being a scientific and technological cluster in the industry. Special attention is drawn to essential research technologies of both natural phenomena and engineering computing, - methods of mathematical analysis. Since the second part of the last century, as a result of computing power adoption, these methods have acquired features of mathematical modeling. Today mathematical modeling, as a global set of tools, is evolving at a frenetic pace, integrating the cutting-edge approaches in math, physics, mechanical engineering, and computing (supercomputing) technologies. The given paper provides solutions to a number of problems, i.e. what training techniques in what fields, and how can be used to prepare specialists for various industries.

Methodological approaches to arrangement of an ecological and technological cluster at the example of St. Petersburg

В статье рассмотрена проблематика в области обращения с отходами в Санкт-Петербурге. Рассматриваются положения стратегических документов в области охраны окружающей среды Российской Федерации на федеральном и региональном уровнях, в частности г. Санкт-Петербурга для выявления актуальных целевых показателей, достижению которых могут способствовать комплексы по обработке, утилизации и обезвреживанию отходов. Выявлена схожесть целей и задач, установленных в стратегических документах федерального и регионального уровней. В качестве решения полигонного захоронения отходов в Санкт-Петербурге предлагается развитие сети экотехнопарков. В работе предлагается методология создания экотехнопарка, а также модель экотехнопарка: перечень основных объектов и возможные потребители получаемой продукции. В статье раскрывается понятие экотехнопарка, его основная цель и решаемые задачи для региона. The article reviews the problems in the field of waste management in St. Petersburg. The article reviews the provisions of strategic documents in the field of environmental protection of the Russian Federation at the federal and regional levels, in particular, St. Petersburg in order to identify relevant targets, the achievement of which can be facilitated by waste treatment, disposal and deactivation complexes. The similarity of goals and objectives established in strategic documents of the federal and regional levels has been revealed. As a solution to the landfill in St. Petersburg, the development of a network of ecological and technological clusters has been proposed. The paper proposes a methodology for arranging an ecological and technological cluster, as well as a model of an ecological and technological cluster: a list of the main facilities and possible consumers of the resulted products. The article reveals the concept of an ecological and technological cluster, its main goal and the tasks to be solved for the region.

The reconstruction of agricultural industry in the microdistrict “Nizhny Novgorod Vetluga region” by means of the organization of a flax-growing agricultural technological cluster and a research farm

The development of the agricultural industry in Russia requires a specific approach. The conservative approach and the lack of financing of the agricultural industry are obvious, but the more dysfunctional are the organizational approaches to the development of agriculture, which require an interdisciplinary analysis. The research object is the microdistrict “Nizhny Novgorod Vetluga region” as a potential experiment area for the formation of a full-cycle agricultural flax-growing complex based on a locomotive flax-growing manufacture working with crop-rotation and agronomic crops and agricultural industries.  The authors give special attention to such mechanisms as an agricultural technological cluster and a research farm, which should become effective instruments of high-quality development of both the flax-growing industry in Russia and the new level of agriculture in a non-chernozem belt. The scientific novelty of the research is the analysis of the problem of management approaches to the development of agriculture at the time when it's necessary to learn to use new technologies and to become an actor of the new highly competitive market. The authors offer a solution to the problem by means of a comprehensive projecting of the agricultural sector as a single interconnected system and the introduction of a locomotive instrument in the form of agricultural technological clusters and research farms, an analogue of the Soviet science and research  unions combining and coordinating science, education and manufacturing.  Thus, the formation of the system of partnerships and interactions of the actors of the spheres of education, science and manufacturing in the field of organization of growing and processing of flax according to the agricultural technological cluster model, will give rise to the development of Nizhny Novgorod Vetluga region and its agricultural sector transforming it from a detrimental dotational condition to the all-sufficient level of development.   

Innovative development of the region through the formation of a technological cluster

The issues of creation and functioning of technology parks, the development of innovative policies of the state, the problems of implementing innovative projects in the construction industry are discussed in the paper. Some statistical data reflecting the degree of development of this form of stimulating society to innovative development are presented. The author gives recommendations to facilitate the process of transferring the construction industry to an innovative path of development, as well as solving a number of emerging economic problems.

Upbringing of Value Bases of Moral Culture of the Person

The article presents a new approach to the development of educational and technological clusters as an eff ective way of the professional selfdetermination formation of students. The theoretical substantiation and description of the process of educational and technological cluster development with the participation of General educational organizations as obligatory links of continuous professional education are considered. Separate forms of the interaction of educational and technological cluster subjects are presented.

Prerequisites for the foundation and formation of machine-building cluster Bryansk region.

The prospects of creating the cluster approach as an innovative mechanism of dynamic development of the economy of the Bryansk region. The urgency of innovative-technological cluster in rail industry in order to create an innovative product and increase competitive advantages of the region.