PRRSV detection by qPCR in processing fluids and serum samples collected in a positive stable breeding herd following mass vaccination of sows with a modified live vaccine

In the last two decades, in France, Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) stabilization protocols have been implemented using mass vaccination with a modified live vaccine (MLV), herd closure and biosecurity measures. Efficient surveillance for PRRSV is essential for generating evidence of absence of viral replication and transmission in pigs. The use of processing fluid (PF) was first described in 2018 in the United States and was demonstrated to provide a higher herd-level sensitivity compared with blood samples (BS) for PRRSV monitoring. In the meantime, data on vertical transmission of MLV viruses are rare even as it is a major concern. Therefore, veterinarians usually wait for several weeks after a sow mass vaccination before starting a stability monitoring. This clinical study was conducted in a PRRSV-stable commercial 1000-sow breed-to-wean farm. This farm suffered from a PRRS outbreak in January 2018. After implementing a stabilisation protocol, this farm was controlled as stable for more than 9 months before the beginning of the study. PF and BS at weaning were collected in four consecutive batches born after a booster sow mass MLV vaccination. We failed to detect PRRSV by qPCR on PF and BS collected in a positive-stable breeding herd after vaccination with ReproCyc® PRRS EU (Boehringer Ingelheim, Ingelheim, Germany).

Detection of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in piglet processing fluids

Processing fluid (PF) is a sample type composed of fluids obtained from testicles and tails as the product of piglet processing. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is a bacterium that colonises the respiratory tract of pigs and has rarely been detected in tissues outside the respiratory system. No data exist in the literature regarding detection of M hyopneumoniae in PF or its use for herd monitoring of this pathogen. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of detecting M hyopneumoniae in PF. Testicles and tails of 21 conveniently selected litters from a commercial sow farm were collected, by litter, and tested for M hyopneumoniae by real time-PCR. Daily aggregated processing tissues were collected for a two-month period to assess the detection of M hyopneumoniae in PF. The comparison in the percentage of positive samples in fluids from testicles (38 per cent, 8/21) or tails (4.8 per cent, 1/21) was significantly different (P=0.023). The percentage of daily aggregated PF with cycle threshold values up to 37 was 52.9 per cent (9/17) and 26.7 per cent (4/15) for December and January, respectively. Overall, these data show detection of M hyopneumoniae in PF for the first time and points at the potential use of this sample for monitoring of this bacterium in breeding farms.

BEARING CAPACITY OF THE SURFACE AFTER MACHINING WITH MINIMUM COOLING AND LUBRICATION

The paper discusses the problem of surface bearing capacity and the parameters that characterize it in the context of the assessment of functional features. The result of the tests that are concerning the verification of the influence of minimal cooling and lubrication during processing on the constituted geometric surface structure described by the load capacity parameters are presented. On the basis of the obtained results, it was found that the minimum cooling and lubrication does not have a negative impact on the functional features, and they are even more advantageous than with the conventional processing fluid.

Siyez Buğdayına (Triticum monococcum) Metal İşleme Sıvısı Etkilerinin ICP-OES Yöntemiyle Değerlendirilmesi

The metal accumulation levels in the Siyez wheat exposed to the waste metal processing fluid were determined separately by ICP-OES measurements on the stem and root. According to the amount of metalworking fluid in the experimental groups, the root was up to twice as high as the iron, manganese and chromium control group. The iron, manganese and aluminium in the plant stem increased twice, and also the increase tendency of zinc and nickel was observed. The growth of the Siyez wheat has been significantly inhibited. As the metal processing fluid ratio increased, the development of the plant decreased. 1MS / 20 Water lost its plant viability in the experimental group. In the ecosystem, waste metal processing liquids for rainwater, surface waters and aquifers can pose a serious threat.