BANDHA (Inner Lock)-MUDRA (Hand Gesture): Essences of Optimizing Health

Background: Bandha and Mudras are found in ancient Indian literature to stimulate internal energy. The simplest know a few things approximately our subtle body, our soul. The act of bandhas stimulates the prana and chakras. Madra is a technique to stimulate the nervous system and glands to minimize the dysfunction of the mind and the mysterious powers of man; kundalini (the inner core energy) can rise to carry our consciousness to the cosmic sense. Purpose of the Study: To know our internal environment and the possible ways to control the internal vital energy. Through bandhas and practicing mudras one can able to get disease-free optimal health. The present article critically discussed the various aspects of bandhas and mudras and their benefit on human health and disease. Findings: Yogic practices help to better the functioning of the thyroid, pancreas, and comparable different important glandular systems to your body. Jalandhara bandha, for example, balances the thyroid gland and thereby benefitting digestion, increase, and weight management issues. Focusing and mental integration allows many hidden and unused cycles of the brain to reach our consciousness. Various psychological problems as for example, unconscious neurosis and complex repetitive actions lose their ability to affect our lives. Madras is a practical and simultaneous way to change your life. Conclusion: Traditionally, bandhas are classified as a part of the mudras, and are given orally from guru to student. Hatha Yoga Pradipika works with bandhas and mudras together. Bandha is heavily embedded in the mudra techniques and pranayama.

Meaning modifications of borrowed names in the Process of Discours Types Changing

This article attempts to study the major mechanisms and methods for transformation of certain aspects of semantic construction through the process of borrowing terminologized units within new discoursive practices. The critical discourse-analysis and semasiology analysis, which implies revealing nuclear, adjacent and peripheral components in the generalized structure of the meaning, serves to identify the basic vectors of the individual meaning objectivation and desobjectivation. This meanings due to frequent objectified use, join the general scientific turnover of the receiving specialized field of knowledge as far the new discourse, and differ from the initial use of conventional initial discourse of the donor-sphere. The author explores rational, episodic, discoursive, situational and etymologically determined variants of various types of comprehension interaction while defining and distributing generalized meaning, which play a key role in shaping a clear and unambiguous idea of “ways for representing the cognitive-content principle” in various discourse types. The research is carried out following the terms of the institutional discourses belonging to cognitive linguistics, concept and discourse studies, which are currently going through the stage of formation and consolidation. The representation of a significant cognitive unit with a new term borrowed from a related discoursive practice, while its entering as a potential core of the lexical housing of associative binding depends on the degree of mastering and sharing of peripheral semantics by discourse agents as well as on the adequacy of extralinguistic discourse components. It is the production of verbal-mental integration, in view of the remaining associative parameters that were not involved in the interaction of nuclear, etymological and episodic discoursive components, which will represent the actual meaning of the occasional borrowed term. The desobjectivation of the terminological meaning in this case should be based on the background knowledge realized in generated discourse, on the specific field of information-knowledge continuum, as well as on “action schemes” introduced intentionally by the producer of the term.

The Tri-Modal Reaction (T-MR) Model of Complex Trauma and Dissociation: A Proposal

This paper proposes a model that explains the response to complex psychological trauma and dissociation. This tri-modal reaction model tries to account for the mental striving of the traumatized individual in dealing with unbearable pain when fighting for overall survival.Rather than conceptualizing this process in consecutive phases, the response of the individual to developmental trauma is described in three modes which often co-occur: Acute reaction, chronic process, and alienation. Each mode operates in a window of overmodulation and undermodulation of emotions. This tri-modal model resembles medical conceptualizations of injury, response, and illness as they occur to the body. Psychotherapeutic intervention to trauma-related conditions has to consider the possible co-presence of the three modes. Such three-dimensional understanding of respo nse to trauma has also implications for mental integration. Namely, the latter is a multidimensional phenomenon rather than a linear sum of parts.

Complex of Methods of Imaginative Psychotherapy of the Body in Healthy Psychotechnology “RIC”: Efficiency and Features of Application

Decrease in the level of health is considered today as a social, general cultural problem. In modern Ukraine, there is an acute problem of using psychological technologies for healing, fostering a conscious attitude to one’s health, which is caused by a contradiction between the fairly high objective requirements of society for health, harmonious development of people and a rather low level of respect for one’s body and wellness culture, as well as a general deterioration health of citizens. The article is devoted to the development of health-improving psychotechnology and assessment of its effectiveness based on the study of the dynamics of verbalization of bodily and subjective assessment of health as a result of its application. A generalization of the results of a theoretical analysis of the health problem and the psychological mechanisms of its provision is presented. The use of integrative psychotechnics for recreational purposes is justified. The proposed program of wellness psychotechnology “Relaxation-Imagination-Comfort” (“RIC”) is one of the integrative psychotechnologies, based on the synthesis of methods of concentrative relaxation, imaginative psychotherapy of the body and includes a set of psychotechnics aimed at ensuring the restoration and preservation of the full functioning of the body, based on means of internalization of the Bodily locus of control, relaxation and self-regulation based on feedback from the Bodily-Self. The RIC program is based on the principle of gradual mental deepening and expansion of the practice of mental integration and involves the consistent implementation of the preparatory stage, three main (relaxation, awareness, imagination) stages and the final stage. Based on a synthesis of empirical data, it is shown that, as a result of the use of health psychotechnology (“RIC”), positive dynamics of subjective assessment of health and well-being, a decrease in the intensity of somatic complaints, harmonization of dominant psycho-emotional states, the level of verbalization of the Bodily-Self and emotional acceptance of one’s body were revealed, which characterizes the potential for self-healing and maintaining the psychosomatic balance of the individual.

Consciousness, awareness of insight and neural mechanisms of schizophrenia

According to recent research, disturbances of self-awareness and conscious experience have a critical role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, and in this context, schizophrenia is currently understood as a disorder characterized by distortions of acts of awareness, self-consciousness, and self-monitoring. Together, these studies suggest that the processes of disrupted awareness and conscious disintegration in schizophrenia might be related and represented by similar disruptions on the brain level, which, in principle, could be explained by various levels of disturbed connectivity and information disintegration that may negatively affect usual patterns of synchronous activity constituting adaptive integrative functions of consciousness. On the other hand, mental integration based on self-awareness and insight may significantly increase information integration and directly influence neural mechanisms underlying basic pathophysiological processes in schizophrenia.

3D Echocardiography in Mitral Valve Heart Disease – Is It the New Gold Standard?

Although cardiac structures exist in three dimensions, 2D echocardiography only provides information in a single tomographic plane, the orientation of which is determined by the ultrasound window. Accordingly, the use of geometrical assumptions and mental integration of information from multiple 2D images are needed to assess cardiac structures such as the mitral valve. Advances in ultrasound technology, improvements in terms of realtime 3D imaging and the development of 3D transoesophageal echocardiography probes have opened up further applications, such as pre-operative planning of mitral valve repair and intraoperative guidance of percutaneous valve interventions. This article aims to provide an overview of the applications of 3D echocardiography in the assessment and treatment of mitral valve disease in adults in current clinical practice.