Innovations in a Traditional Landscape of Pilgrimage: The Via Francigena del Sud towards Rome and Other Apulian Pilgrim’s Routes

Religious routes and itineraries can be seen as promoting not only the sharing of ethical and religious values and sentiments of peace and brotherhood but also the awareness and personal growth of the traveller. Those who walk remote pilgrimage paths today wish to experience the fascination of the past, to feel something of the dread and the passion of ancient travellers, but they also seek to fulfil an emotional and intellectual need for authenticity, spirituality and culture. The Puglia region has numerous religious paths that arose in past centuries and continue to be practised by modern pilgrims, who treat the journey as an emotional, educational, social and participatory experience. Appropriate exploitation of this type of journey would enable the promotion of a “gentle” but no less successful tourism, above all in a period of social distancing and global suffering. The present study starts with a presentation of some of the precursors of the many routes that led from the Orient towards Rome, such as those of the Apostle Peter, St Francis of Assisi and the anonymous Pilgrim of Bordeaux. It then examines the new values that prompt people to follow the Via Francigena del Sud that runs along the Italian peninsula linking Europe north of the Alps to the ports of Puglia, and it is just an exemplary case aimed at fulfilling the potential of eastern Mediterranean coastal regions by offering cultural routes and itineraries for sustainable and quality tourism.

Use of the Complex Motivation Principle in Teaching Foreign Languages to Pupils at the Initial Stage of a Comprehensive School

The article discusses the issues of teaching a foreign language through the prism of the complex motivation principle. The motives of students at the initial stage of training in mastering a foreign language are analyzed. Some possibilities of using the complex motivation principle are given. Observations of students’ activities as well as their survey are presented. A classification of students’ motives based on their answers is proposed. Based on the results of observations of students’ educational activities, as well as their motives, recommendations on the organization of educational activities of teachers using the complex motivation principle are put forward. For the optimal use of the complex motivation principle, the teacher’s actions are described. Among them: to find out the goals, motives and needs of students, to form their intellectual need for knowledge, to take into account the degree of interest and responsibility of students and to correlate the possibilities of various linguodidactic means with the motivational sphere of students. A number of games aimed at the formation of lexical skills and the development of speaking skills, bearing in mind the various motives laid down in the essence of these games, assuming that the game is the leading type of activity are proposed. Method of research. The research is based on methods of collecting information, namely, monitoring the pedagogical process, analysis of scientific literature on the topic, the method of expert judges, a survey. The results of the study were subjected to qualitative analysis and experimental verification. The results of the study proved the effectiveness of the proposed classification of motives for optimizing the educational process of teaching English. After using motivational tasks, the overall level of students' learning, interest and motivation to learn, and the ease and accuracy of performing speech actions increased.

Intellectual need for mathematical knowledge

Harel’s [2] notion of intel lectual need is refined by employing Davis’ [1] findingsabout interesting propositions in social sciences. A few hypothetical examples of how thisrevised definition might aid in planning mathematics lessons which provide meaningfulnessfor the students are presented.

Students Internet usage: psychological and pedagogical aspects

The article presents the results of studying the psychological characteristics of students in connection with their digital behavior. Authors assume that digital behavior of students can be associated with the features of their self-awareness, self-appraisal and value-semantic sphere. In addition, the importance of individual components in the hierarchy of educational values is studied in connection with personality characteristics. The study involved 102 people - students specializing in the social sciences and humanities. As a result, the authors found that students’ digital behavior in terms of the online presence is associated with their self-awareness, self-appraisal and value-semantic sphere. Students who spend online less than three hours a day will be more active, extroverted and confident in their real life (offline) than those who spend more time online. The importance of individual components in the hierarchy of educational values is associated with the features of self-awareness, self-attitude. Self-appraisal, self-confidence, sense of independence and high appreciation of one’s individuality are associated with a greater intellectual need, a more active and conscious desire to improve their own competence.

Keeping a House for Science: Sofia Kristensson as Matriarch and Gatekeeper at Kristineberg Zoological Station as a Scientific Household, 1877–1889

ArgumentField research stations are households as a result of allegoric notions of the scientific family, and because they fulfill the purpose of a home in the field in a literal sense. They meet the practical and physical need for bed and board, as well as the emotional and intellectual need for social cohesion. I argue that this, in combination with local gender identity, opened the door for a woman of lower social strata, the daughter of a fisherman, to take upon herself the role as station household matriarch, thus gaining an integral role within an inner circle of influential scientists. Secondly, I argue that locally employed members of the research station were valued primarily for their social skills. For the sake of ensuring necessary conditions for scientific work, being abrasive was just as important as being agreeable.

Dua Teras, Satu Destinasi: Pelan Reformasi Strategik PTV Ke Arah Pembangunan Sejagat

Transformasi sistem Pendidikan Teknik dan Vokasional (PTV) menjadi keutamaan di kebanyakan negara membangun sebagai alternatif untuk mengadaptasi perubahan globalisasi. Perubahan pesat pembangunan industri dan teknologi turut memberi impak kepada sistem PTV di Malaysia. Proses penstrukturan semula sistem pendidikan memperlihatkan pelbagai perubahan dan paradigma baru telah dilaksanakan terutamanya dalam sistem PTV di negara ini. Namun, bagi menjadikan proses transformasi sistem PTV sebagai sesuatu yang lebih bermakna, keutamaan perlu diberikan kepada pembinaan rangka perancangan bagi memastikan keberkesanan dalam proses transformasinya. Pengisian kepada perancangannya seharusnya bukan sahaja memenuhi keperluan intelek tetapi, mampu menggabungkan penghayatan ilmu, iman dan amal sebagai proses membangunkan potensi keseluruhan manusia. Pendekatan Malaysia menggunakan sistem Barat dalam proses memformulasi rangka perancangan strategik penggubalan dasar dan kurikulum pendidikan perlu dikaji semula agar implimentasi pendidikan dapat dijalinkan dengan sempurna menerusi penerapan nilai-nilai Falsafah Pendidikan Kebangsaan. Berdasarkan kepada keperluan untuk menjadikan perlaksanaan transformasi PTV yang bersifat sejagat, artikel ini mencadangkan kerangka Pelan Transformasi Strategik Pendidkan Teknik dan Vokasional (PTSPTV) dibina dengan menekankan integrasi dua teras utama iaitu spiritual dan intelektual. Kerangka PTSPTV yang dibentuk diharap dapat dijadikan sebagai pengisian utama transformasi PTV serta dapat dijadikan sebagai usaha merealisasikan visi dan misi pendidikan iaitu mengenal hakikat kejadian diri (kepercayaan dan keyakinan kepada Tuhan - manusia sebagai hamba dan khalifah; tanggungjawab amalan sosial) sebagai asas pembangunan insan seimbang. Empat fasa utama kaedah perlaksanaan PTSPTV dengan integrasi dua teras tersebut juga diperbincangkan secara umum menerusi artikel ini. Kata kunci: Pelan strategik; transformasi; spiritual; falsafah; mengenal hakikat diri Reformation of Technical and Vocational Education (TVE) system becomes a priority that serve as an alternative to adapt the globalization changes in the most developing countries. Rapid changes of industrial and technology also give a significant impact towards TVE systems in Malaysia. Restructuring process of the education system show various changes and new paradigm has been implemented mainly for TVE in this country. However, to formulate a meaningful transformation process for TVE system, priority should be given to the development of framework plan to ensure an effective reformation process. The contents of the plan should not only fulfill intellectual need but also be able to unite the appreciation of knowledge, faith and practice in the process of developing human full potential. Malaysia’s approach of using the Western system in the process of formulating a strategic planning and education curriculum especially for Technical and Vocational education should be reviewed to ensure the implementation is properly resemblance with the important concepts emphasized in National Philosophy of Education. Based on the need to the realization of universal TVE, this article suggested the Technical and Vocational Education Strategic Transformation Plan (TVESTP) framework built with an emphasis on the integration of two major thrusts, namely spiritual and intellectual. Hopefully, the TVESTP framework will serve as the main reference for TVE transformation process and also in realizing the vision and mission of education which is to achieve self-actualization (human being with sense of slave only to God and as God’s khalifah; leader in social and career development) as the fundamental requirement in developing and producing a balance individual through TVE. Four main phases of TVESTP implementation method integrated with both of the thrusts also discussed generally troughtout this article. Key words: Strategic plan; transformation; spiritual; philosophy; self actualization

Provoking Intellectual Need

Tasks that generate a need for mathematical intellect generate motivation and promote success in learning mathematics. Some specific tasks and ways to generate new ones are offered.