Prolegomena do „wielkiej samotności”. Z listów Kazimierza Wierzyńskiego i Romana Palestra

The correspondence between Kazimierz Wierzyński and Roman Palester includes more than a hundred letters covering the years 1946–1969, referring to the uncomfortable position of Wierzyński as an emigrant and Palester intent on political emigration, hoping for the help of Poles based in European and American cultural institutions. The correspondence also precedes the personal meeting of the two creators, and its content concerns a wide range of vital problems related to staying outside Poland as well as writing about, composing, experiencing loneliness and personal experiences of intimate nature. The letters under discussion contain opinions on the artistic environment at home and in the world as well as interesting and significant remarks on politics and culture.

A Conceptual Framework of How Meeting Mindsets Shape and Are Shaped by Leader–Follower Interactions in Meetings

In this conceptual paper, we define a person's meeting mindset as the individual belief that meetings represent opportunities to realize goals falling into one of three categories: personal, relational, and collective. We propose that in alignment with their respective meeting mindsets, managers use specific leadership claiming behaviors in team meetings and express these behaviors in alignment with the meeting setting (virtual or face-to-face) and their prior experiences with their employees. Employees’ responses, however, are also influenced by their meeting mindsets, the meeting setting, and prior experiences with their managers. The interplay between managers’ leadership claiming behavior and their employees’ responses shapes leader–follower relations. Embedded in the team context, the emerging leader–follower relations impact the meaning of meetings. We outline match/mismatch combinations of manager–employee meeting mindsets and discuss the influence that a manager and employee can have on each other's meeting mindset through their behavior in a meeting. Plain Language Summary Have you ever had the experience of entering a team meeting and quickly realizing that your idea of how the meeting conversation should be approached did not align with your boss's understanding of the meeting purpose? This is indeed a common experience in meetings between managers and their employees. While we understand much about the communication dynamics that occur in meetings, we know less about what motivates people to communicate in certain ways in meetings. In this conceptual paper, we classify people's understanding of meetings as being driven by one of three purposes: [1] to strategically position and promote themselves (which reflects a personal meeting mindset), [2] to shape collaborations and to ensure reciprocation (which reflects a relational meeting mindset), or [3] to strengthen the team identity and increase the willingness to go the extra mile for the team (which reflects a collective meeting mindset). Meeting mindsets shape how people enact their leader or follower role in meetings—that is, how a manager exhibits leadership and how employees react. However, managers’ and employees’ meeting mindsets may not necessarily match, which can trigger tensions and may ultimately change the way in which managers or employees define the meaning of meetings. Our research helps managers to comprehend the reasoning behind their own and other people's meeting behavior and may promote reflection on one's leadership approach, particularly in a team meeting context. It can also help employees to grasp the power they can have in terms of actively shaping their managers’ meeting mindsets.

Correlating Women Empowerment with Micro Finance in a Small Village in Bangladesh by Using Statistical Methodology

Women empowerment is the most significant and examining issues in non-industrial nations extraordinarily in Bangladesh. This study investigated the viability and Correlating Women Empowerment with Micro Finance in a Small Village in Bangladesh by Using Statistical Methodology. With absolute number of 220 respondents, where, 100 was experienced micro credit program and another 120 respondent did not have any experience regarding the micro credit program. Stratified random sampling was used from Aatghar Union porishad under Shaltha Upozilla in Faridpur, Bangladesh and information has been gathered through face to face interview and personal meeting by utilizing overview strategy. By investigating five measurements; monetary decision making, household unit dynamic, physical movement freedom, property ownership and finally, responsibility for political and social awareness the women empowerment was estimated. The outcomes demonstrated the positive impacts of micro credit programs on women strengthening inside different measurements and investigation uncovers that the women empowerment is impacted by the improvement of miniature credit programs in Bangladesh through the selected five measurements.

Russia faces tougher Biden but arms talks offer hope

Significance Biden offers Moscow a more straightforward approach that will make constructive dialogue easier, a genuine interest in finding areas of common agreement but also coherent policymaking that sets clear constraints on Russian actions. Impacts Biden is unlikely to contemplate a personal meeting with Russia's Vladimir Putin any time soon. Putin's talk of a defence alliance with China is probably a rhetorical challenge to Washington, for which Beijing matters more. With Trump gone, Republicans will compete to claim they are tougher on Putin than Biden.

Negotiations with Aurangzeb (1705–7)

Guru Gobind Singh managed to reach Kangar in Malwa after great losses. His two elder sons died fighting in the battle of Chamkaur and his two younger sons were put to death by Wazir Khan, the Muhgal faujdar of Sirhind, on their refusal to accept Islam. Guru Gobind Singh wrote to the emperor how his subordinates had set aside solemn oaths and attacked him and the Khalsa after the evacuation of Anandpur. In fact, the Guru had to fight another battle against Wazir Khan at Khidrana, now known as Muktsar, before he reached Talwandi Sabo (Guru ki Kashi) and stayed there till October 1706. Aurangzeb responded to the letter (called Zafarnama) and invited the Guru for a personal meeting to which he agreed. But Aurangzeb died on 20 February 1707, and Guru Gobind Singh decided to support Prince Mu‘azzam (now Bahadur Shah) in the war of succession.

Virūpākṣa-vasantotsava-campū of Ahobala or What Can Happen During the Hunting Festival

Virūpākṣa-vasantotsava-campū describes the nine-night-long Spring Festival, vasantotsava, in the capital of the Vijayanagara kingdom. The text is quite ambiguous in many respects. It is probable that one of its protagonists, a certain Brahmin, a poet by profession, speaks here on behalf of the real author, Ahobala, who most probably lived in the 15th century CE. The present paper will be devoted to the episode connected with the mṛgayotsava or the Hunt Festival, which was a part of vasantotsava celebrations. What will be particularly stressed is the fact that Ahobala’s description of the mṛgayotsava, which takes place in the public sphere connected strongly to kingship, unexpectedly evolves into the experience belonging to a private sphere, namely concerning a personal meeting of a devotee with God. At the same time the poet evoked rich tradition of showing the forest as the place of encounters between representatives of different worlds.

Non-Accidental Meetings: How Technologies are Known Through Dating and Relationships in the Postmodern Society

In this paper, an attempt to understand modern romantic relationships influenced by technology is made. According to Z. Bauman and E. Giddens, relations in modern society can be characterized as "liquid love" or "confluent love", which are very dynamic. It is noted that the primary stages of building relationships are mediated by technical means, and the partners communicate remotely, according to the "subject - means - subject" scheme. At the same time, the technologies themselves, imperceptibly for users, can control the choice of a partner and limit the range of persons with whom he or she can get acquainted, and as a result, establish a relationship. This is the manifestation of the technical side of rational love, based on the choice of a "suitable life partner".In this case, the theory of rational choice is absolutized, and as a result a partner that meets certain parameters is selected: on the one hand, attractive for the subject, and on the other, equal in social status and level of attractiveness for others. In addition, online dating supports a person's desire for safety and comfort, as technology mitigates failures, and rational risk is only partially present. A person gets the opportunity to explore the Other before a personal meeting, and in some cases even before they meet and begin virtual communication, which is associated with greater openness of users on the global Internet, active placement of various content and personal information. Thus, the search and attraction of a partner in dating services and virtual social networks reflects such tendencies of present as digitalization, macdonalization and virtualization.

GENRE SPECIFICS AND MOTIVES OF THE NOVEL „BIEGUNI” („FLIGHTS”) BY OLGA TOKARCZUK

In this article was considered genre specifics and motives of the novel “Bieguni” (“Flights”) by polish writer Olga Tokarczuk. On the example of the novel was determined the main genre specifics of postmodern novel-travelogue, where was raised the main issues of present days – life and death, physical and spiritual, workaday and philosophical. “Bieguni” is the novel about modern people, which looking for their goal, situated in a constantly movement just not to come to the Antichrist`s hands. The airports and hotels aren`t only a shelter, it`s a real home, what underline motive of travel in the novel. Representing home in a different ways, the writer consider the human body as a shelter for two components – spiritual and material. The body that was created by God is physical “home” for self-awareness. Herewith the writer doesn`t reject physiological theory of body beginning and consider it as a product of completing, finishing and the signification of human`s death. Address to Biblical, religious, mythological, bibliographic and oniric motives again and again underline anti-utopy world with his own canons and decrees, what doesn`t submit to logical, grounded explanation, but have philosophical elucidation. “Bieguni” it`s a binding of stories, feelings and laws. The main characters of the composition are different aged, nationality and different time period people, but united by just one important thing – searching of sense of life, that is different for everyone of them. Variety of characters, story of everyone`s life, text`s fragmentation give to the reader experience of personal meeting with every literature character. The hidden drama, that attendanted in everyone of them create the aureole of mystique, mysteriousness and feeling of temporarily proximity, that`s the main feeling of traveler. The leitmotif of the novel unite fragments into the one full picture, where we can see the main thesis of the novel: “Movement is a life, life is a travel”, because at the travel we can see a human`s wish to find the salvation out of routine problems, social duties and conditionalities. Characteristic for the novel using of philosophical and Biblical motives and also application to the history and author`s experience are non-textual survey of art of Olga Tokarczuk and her own morally-pscychological skills.

Upaya Kepala Madrasah dalam Membina Budaya Organisasi dan Kinerja Guru dalam Pembelajaran di MIN 5 Majalengka

This research aims to analyze the efforts of the head of Madrasah in developing organizational culture and teacher’s performance in learning process. This is a qualitative research, with observation, interview and documentation as the data collection tehniques. The research is conducted at MIN 5 Majalengka regency, as many as 5 (five) respondent are interviewed during the research. The research finds that (1) the organizational culture at MIN 5 Majalengka regency appears in some school activities, brotherhood atmosphere, and good examples performed by the head of madrasah; (2) The efforts of the head of madrasah to develop school’s organizational culture done in two ways through the head of madrasah’s role and responsibility as the leader of the school and through students’ self development activities; (3) The techniques employed by the head of madrasah to develop teacher’s performance are through class visit, personal meeting, teacher meeting, work-group discussion, teacher training and guidance.

Remembering Eugene Garfield (on materials of publications and personal meeting)

The author writes about his acquaintance and communication with linguist Eugene Eli Garfield (1925-2017), classic of modern scientometrics, designer of Science Citation Index, head of the famous ISI. In the article written in remembrance of Eugene Eli Garfield (September 16, 1925 - February 26, 2017), the author characterized briefly the keystones of Garfield’s work and describes his interaction with the USSR Academy of Sciences.