HYBRID NANOFLUID FLOWS THROUGH A VERTICAL DISEASED CORONARY ARTERY WITH HEAT TRANSFER

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are now widely used because of their synthesis compatibility and less toxicity in several biomedical applications such as cancer treatment. From the fluid mechanics point of view, we examine the behavior of a mixture of gold and Titanium Oxide nanoparticles, which suspended in the blood as a base fluid in the diseased coronary artery. The main goal of this paper is to examine and shed light on the hybrid nanofluid flows through a vertical diseased artery in the presence of the catheter tube with heat transfer. The mathematical model is established and then solved with the Laplace and the finite Hankel transforms. The inverse of the transformed functions has been calculated numerically. The velocity, the pressure, the impedance and the heat transfer are discussed graphically. It is noteworthy to mention that the mixture of the nanoparticles dispersed in the blood needs high pressure to push it. The impedance of blood is proportional to the overall volume concentration of the nanoparticles and Reynolds number.

A braided stent becomes flattened inside a curved catheter tube: A micro-CT imaging study

BACKGROUND: The braided stent is a widely accepted endovascular treatment device consisting of woven metal wires. One of the unsolved issues for the braided stent is the stent flattening phenomena when deployed into highly curved arteries. Although a recent computational study highlighted that the mechanical state of the stent inside the catheter before the deployment plays an essential role in causing stent flattening, there is no experimental observation for the stent inside the curved catheter. OBJECTIVE: We investigated braided stent shapes in curved catheter tubes with various curvatures by micro-computed tomography (CT). METHODS: A braided stent was deployed into catheter tubes and set in rectangular cases with constant curvature. The three-dimensional shape of the stent was imaged by micro-CT, and its cross-sectional flatness was quantitatively assessed. RESULTS: Stent flattening occurred in cases of high curvatures of the outer side of the tube curvature, and the degree of flatness increased with increasing tube curvature. This demonstrates that stent flattening can be caused inside the highly curved catheter before deployment. CONCLUSIONS: This preliminary and first observational report provides new insight into the mechanism of stent flattening and emphasizes the importance of the geometrical and mechanical state of the stent inside the catheter.

Perubahan Kadar Saturasi Oksigen pada Pasien Dewasa yang Dilakukan Tindakan Suction Endotrakeal Tube di Ruang ICU RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin

Handling for airway obstruction due to excessive accumulation of secretions can be done with suction, suction is done by inserting suction catheter tube into endotracheal tube or tracheostomy which aims to liberate airway. Endotracheal suction in critically ill patients can cause increased intracranial pressure, brain swelling and systemic hypoxemia may even lead to death. The easiest way to find out hypoxemia is by looking at the patient's oxygen saturation of peripheral oxygen saturation is a presentation of hemoglobin binds with oxygen in the arteries with normal values between 95-100%.This research aims to analyze changes in oxygen saturation levels of patients before, during and after the suction endotracheal tube performed in Intensive Care Unit Ulin Banjarmasin Hospital. This research method is quantitative with comparative design. The population in this research are all patients who had endotracheal tube and suction was done, the sample in the research are 25 respondents with Probability sampling technique, analyzed by paired T test.The results of this research at the time of 1 "-3" average oxygen saturation change of 0-1%, while 4"- 6" on average by 2-3% and at 7 "-10" on average by 2-5% . Paired T-test results showed there was a change in oxygen saturation level in adult patients performed endotracheal tube suction in Intensive Care Unit Ulin Banjarmasin Hospital.

Development of a nonintermediate-incision ventriculoperitoneal shunt procedure using a nasogastric feeding tube for infant patients with hydrocephalus: technical note

Intermediate incisions are considered necessary to pass a catheter tube from the head to the abdomen in ventriculo-peritoneal (VP) shunting via a frontal bur hole. However, an intermediate incision can sometimes become dehiscent, resulting in CSF leakage or infection of the shunt system in the early period after shunt implantation, particularly in infant patients. In this article, the authors describe a novel method of VP shunt insertion that does not require an intermediate incision. This nonintermediate-incision VP shunt procedure was performed in 3 infant patients with hydrocephalus and was not associated with any complications. This method can eliminate the intermediate incision, which is a disadvantage of VP shunt insertion via a frontal bur hole.

The Flow Separation of Peristaltic Transport for Maxwell Fluid between Two Coaxial Tubes

We study the peristaltic mechanism of an incompressible non-Newtonian biofluid (namely, Maxwell model) in the annular region between two coaxial tubes. The inner tube represents the endoscope tube. The system of the governing nonlinear PDE is solved by using the perturbation method to the first order in dimensionless wavenumber. The modified Newton-Raphson method is used to predict the flow separation points along the peristaltic wall and the endoscope tube. The results show that the presence of the endoscope (catheter) tube in the artery increases the pressure gradient and shear stress. Such a result seems too reasonable from the physical and medical point of view.

Back to basics: iatrogenic intravenous cannula embolus

We present a case of distal venous embolisation of a peripheral intravenous cannula tip that had lost its structural integrity through repeated failed attempts of insertion of the same cannula, contrary to protocols for intravenous access. Radiological imaging confirmed the presence of a foreign body in the middle finger and the patient was brought to theatre. A 2.2cm long catheter tube was removed via a venotomy from the dorsal digital vein.

Unsteady Pulsatile Flow through a Vertical Constricted Annulus with Heat Transfer

This paper investigates the effects of heat transfer and pulsatile flow of a Newtonian fluid (blood) through a vertical annulus with mild constriction on the outer wall while the inner wall represents the catheter tube. An analytical expression in terms of Bessel functions of the first and second kind is obtained for the heat and the velocity components. The variation of pressure gradient with steady flow rate is given as well as the wall shear stress distribution for different values of time. The pressure gradient and the wall shear stress are calculated, and their variations are discussed with respect to the Grashof number, the height of the constriction, and the size of the catheter. It is observed that an increase in the catheter size increases the pressure gradient as well as the wall shear stress

The Engineering Accident Analysis of Cast-In Situ Bored Pile

Cast-in situ bored pile is a common form of pile foundation and widely used in road and bridge engineering in China. Because of complex cast-in situ bored pile construction process, high technical content requirement, vulnerable to the impact of human and environmental factors, cast-in situ bored piles prone to various kinds of quality problems in the construction process, such as drilling deflection, drilling hole collapse and diameter reduction, wrong identification of pile-end’s bearing stratum, catheter tube blockage, reinforcement cage floating, pile breaking, pile silted, etc. These problems often make it difficult to meet the design requirements into a pile formation, and difficultly to remedy. In this paper, Zhoutian Zhenjiang bridge at Shaoguan City, Qujiang to Nanxiong highway A03 contract bid package cast-in situ bored pile foundation engineering encountered in the construction collapsed hole, inclined hole, catheter tube blockage and other issues for example to analyzes the cause of cast-in situ bored pile engineering accident, made appropriate preventive measures and processing method.