The Environment of Creators and Consumers of Economic Knowledge of the Free Economic Society in the Ukrainian Historical Lands (the Last Third of the 19th — the Beginning of the 20th Centuries).

The Free Economic Society, created under Catherine II, was fully in line with the enlightenment intentions of the Empress and her desire to encourage landowners to arrange their estates based on knowledge. One of the factors of its establishment was the need to accelerate the colonization of the Ukrainian southern territories, where land was received by officials and officers without economic skills. The society was to promote the foreign experience and the experience of those landowners who had achieved certain successes in growing high yields, organizing work, using machines and tillage, and building outbuildings. At the same time, it sought to study local specifics by describing and accumulating information about the demographic situation and economic potential of all territories of the Russian Empire. How did the landowners of the Ukrainian lands react to the attempts of the VET to involve them in their own activities and did its recommendations for the introduction of new agricultural technologies, which were discussed in the company’s publications, become authoritative? The author’s observations of the initial period of his activity allowed us to draw the following conclusions. In order to attract enlightened businessmen to participate in the society, the supreme power mobilized the local administration, which in turn mobilized the nobility. However, landowners were in no hurry to share their own achievements, and the company’s printed works did not become widespread and respectively did not take advantage of VET recommendations. There were insignificant successes in the natural-economic and demographic description of the provinces. The most complete were the descriptions of the Sloboda-Ukrainian province, the rest either did not take part in this project at all, or were brief.

The Tatar Family of the Saratov Governorate in the Second Half of the 19th Century: Historical and Demographic Description

Family evolution is an important research issue of historical and demographic science and becomes especially interesting in moments of intense socio-economic transformation. In this paper, the households of the Tatars, who lived in the Saratov governorate during the late 19th century, are described. For this purpose, the primary materials of the Zemstvo agricultural censuses carried out in the 1880s–1890s were studied. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of the Tatars’ households was performed to identify the relationship between the household dwellers and structure. It was revealed that the Tatar households were not very large (about 5.8 persons per household, from 4 to 7 persons according to half of the observations). The structure of the households was analyzed based on P. Laslett’s classification: the results of the analysis demonstrate that most Tatar families were small, both in the number of households (58%) and in the number of persons living in them (50%); complex and extended families were the second and third common structural types, respectively. The hypothesis about increasing complexity of the family structure (from small to extended and complex) with the growth of the number of households was verified. According to the statistical data, the extended families did not prevail in any of the quantitative groups of households and occupied an intermediate position between the small and complex families.

INSIDEN KEKAMBUHAN MALARIA VIVAX DI PUSKESMAS DOSAY SENTANI JAYAPURA

Plasmodium vivax merupakan jenis plasmodium yang paling sulit dieliminasi karena adanya fase hypnozoit di hati manusia sekaligus betanggung jawab terhadap kekambuhan malaria. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui insiden kekamabuhan malaria vivax serta gambaran demografi pasien kambuh tersebut di Puskesmas Dosay Sentani Jayapura. Desain penelitian berupa studi longitudinal dengan waktu perkiraan pengambilan sampel secara consecutive pada Januari-Mei 2019 dengan waktu follow-up 90 hari. Semua pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi akan diminta kesediannya untuk berpartisipasi dalam penelitian. Kriteria inklusi terdiri dari pasien berusia ≥1 tahun, bukan malaria berat, tidak sedang hamil, tidak sedang menyusui, tidak meminum obat anti malaria dalam 4 minggu sebelumnya, diberikan obat DHP dan primakuin oleh dokter, bertempat tinggal di daerah penelitian serta mampu dan mau mengikuti semua prosedur selama studi. Dari 50 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi terdapat 20% diantaranya yang mengalami kekambuhan dalam 90 hari follow-up. Dengan incident density 2.36 per 1000 person-days. Pasien yang kambuh mayoritas (80%) adalah anak-anak dan suku papua. Tingginya kekambuhan akan menghambat cita-cita eliminasi malaria 2030. Plasmodium Vivax is the type of plasmodium that is most difficult to eliminate because of the hypnozoite phase in the human liver which is also responsible for malaria recurrence. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of vivax malaria relapse as well as the demographic description of patients at the Dosay Sentani Public Health Center, Jayapura. The research design was a longitudinal study with an estimated time of consecutive sampling from January to May 2019 with a follow-up time of 90 days. All patients who had the inclusion criteria will be asked to participate in the study. The inclusion criteria consisted of aged ≥ 1 year old, not severe, the subjects were not pregnant, not breastfeeding, did not take anti-malaria medication in the previous 4 weeks, who have their diagnosis confirmed by microscopy, and had been received national standard treatment residing in the study area and being able and willing to follow all procedures during the study. There were 50 subjects who had the inclusion criteria, 20% of them run in to relapse within 90 days of follow-up. With 2.36 incident density per 1000 person-days. The majority of patients who relapse (80%) were children and Papuans.