Experience of Research Misseling in the Practices of Russian Retail Banks

The study examined phenomenon of misseling — a sales practice in in which a product or service is deliberately misrepresented or a customer is misled- in the activities of banks in the retail market. Currently, this phenomenon is clearly insufficiently studied, especially from a scientific standpoint. Meanwhile, the problem of banks using unfair practices is relevant not only because of violation of consumer rights, but also because it undermines the strategic foundations for the development of the banks themselves and the banking system as a whole, destroying the trust and customer loyalty to banks and the banking system as a whole. The authors employed Mystery Shopper observation method and content analysis of ads posted on social networks Instagram, Facebook, YouTube to study the misseling in the activities of three banks in Irkutsk .The study found the presence of misseling: deliberately providing consumers with incomplete information about the characteristics of the product; using not entirely reliable information in working with clients by hiding possible alternatives for choosing and persistently offering a certain solution option as the only one or the best; imposing additional services or product options; the use of manipulative methods of persuading consumers in advertising of the bank and its products. We believe that the use of misseling reduces the socio-economic role of the bank as a financial organization, and its activities "slide" to the level of usury.

Analisis Pengendalian Internal Piutang Usaha Dalam Meminimalisir Piutang Tidak Tertagih

Credit sales are carried out by companies to attract many customers, so that the sales volume can increase compared to sales in cash. However, credit sales have several risks including uncollectible receivables. Hence, internal control of receivables is very important as receivables, in the future, must be recorded in cash flow. If there are customers who are overdue in payments or fail to settle their debts due to various reasons, the company’s operational activities will be disrupted. The purpose of this study is to determine the internal control of trade receivables in minimizing uncollectible receivables in a company. PT Bostinco is a manufacturing company that produces safes, filling cabinets, roll-o-pack sliding cabinets, fire doors, etc. In its regular sales practice, the company uses a credit sales system, preceded by down payment requirements based on the agreement between the seller and the customers. As credit sales made by the company will cause trade receivables, internal control is carried out to minimize the risk of uncollectible receivables. The results of the study show that internal control of accounts receivable in minimizing uncollectible receivables runs poorly due to the findings of the original Delivery Order files that are still discharged. Moreover, the company has some VAT debt arrears which prevents it from getting the tax invoice number. Unfortunately, there is no penalty agreement for late payment despite of quite large amount of receivables. Keywords: Internal Control of Accounts Receivable and Minimize Uncollectible Receivables

The Danger of Domestic Pre-Conceived Views with Respect to the Uniform Interpretation of the CISG: The Question of Avoidance In the Case of Non-Conforming Goods and Documents

Professor Schwenzer compares common law notions about a party's ability to avoid a sales contract with the position under article 49 of the Convention on the International Sale of Goods. Having noted that the approach of the CSIG has given rise to criticism, she then argues that such criticism is unfounded and that, moreover, the CSIG's provisions reflect the reality of international sales practice and case law.

TANGGUNG JAWAB PELAKU USAHA TERHADAP KONSUMEN DALAM HAL TERJADINYA SHORTWEIGHTING DITINJAU DARI UNDANG-UNDANG RI NO 8 TAHUN 1999 TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN

Shortweighting is one of the selling practices of goods that harm consumers. Where the actual weight of the item is less than the weight indicated on the goods packaging label. Clearly, consumers are severely disadvantaged as a result of changes in the goods made by businessmen. With The result that consumers get goods that are not in accordance with the conditions and the promised warranty or stated in the label. The legal issues in this writing is 1. How is the liability of businessmen to consumers in the case of shortweighting reviewed by Law No. 8 of 1999? and 2. What kind of dispute settlement efforts that can be taken by the consumer in case of shortweighting? This research is normative legal research. The conclusion of this study is that the businessmen is to be responsible if proven to occur sales practice shortweighting. It is contained in Article 19 of Law No. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection. The legal efforts to resolve disputes that can be reached by consumers can be through 2 (two) ways of settling disputes, outside the court or alternative dispute resolution and settlement of litigation. The settlement of disputes outside the court can be through the settlement of disputes solved by deliberation by the parties and could be through the Indonesia Consumer Dispute Settlement Institution (BPSK). Shortweighting adalah salah satu praktek penjualan barang yang merugikan konsumen. Dimana berat barang yang sebenarnya adalah lebih kecil dari berat yang tertera pada label kemasan barang. Jelas sekali bahwa konsumen sangat dirugikan akibat adanya perubahan barang tersebut yang dilakukan oleh pelaku usaha. Sehingga konsumen mendapatkan barang yang tidak sesuai dengan kondisi dan jaminan yang dijanjikan atau yang dinyatakan dalam label. Rumusan masalah dalam penulisan ini adalah 1. Bagaimanakah tanggungjawab pelaku usaha terhadap konsumen dalam hal terjadinya shortweighting ditinjau dari Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999? dan 2. Apakah upaya penyelesaian sengketa yang dapat ditempuh oleh konsumen bila terjadi shortweighting? Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian hukum normatif. Kesimpulan dari hasil penulisan penelitian ini bahwa pelaku usaha bertanggung jawab apabila terbukti terjadi praktik penjualan shortweighting. Hal tersebut tertuang dalam Pasal 19 Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen. Upaya penyelesaian sengketa yang dapat ditempuh konsumen dapat melalui 2 (dua) cara yaitu penyelesaian sengketa diluar pengadilan dan penyelesaian litigasi. Penyelesaian sengketa di luar pengadilan yaitu bisa melalui penyelesaian sengketa secara damai oleh pahak pihak sendiri dan bisa melalui Badan Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen (BPSK).

Tinjauan Angka Kuman dan Sifat Fisik pada Produk Gudeg Wijilan Yogyakarta

Background: Yogyakarta is a city that being famous because of gudeg so people call it the city of Gudeg. There is one street in Yogyakarta, which becomes the center of gudeg, namely Wijilan street. Gudeg in Wijilan is close to the main road so it has great possibility to microorganism contamination. Because of that, a research on number of germs in gudeg Wijilan needs to be conducted. Objectives: This research aims to know the food safety level based on the number of germs in gudeg Wijilan, Yogyakarta. Methods: This research was a survey research with cross sectional design. The study was descriptive which describes the safety of gudeg by doing a test on number of germs, physical observation, and observation on condition and sales practice. This research was located in Wijilan street, Yogyakarta. Result: The results showed that the condition and sales practices of gudeg was not hygienic. Physical properties of color, smell, taste and texture of gudeg from 3 gudeg home industries showed differences but it was still safe to consume. The number of germs that was still below the microorganism impurities level came from all gudeg home industries, tofu B and C, young jackfruit vegetable B. The number of germs that was above the microorganism impurities level was found in krecek, chicken and duck egg in all gudeg resturant, young jackfruit vegetable A and C as well as tofu A. Conclusion: Based on the number of germs, it can be concluded that tofu A, young Jackfruit vegetable A, young jackfruit vegetable C, all krecek, all chicken, and all duck eggs are not safe to consume, while from the physical properties of gudeg, all of them were still safe to consume.

Tinjauan Angka Kuman dan Sifat Fisik pada Produk Gudeg Wijilan Yogyakarta

Background: Yogyakarta is a city that being famous because of gudeg so people call it the city of Gudeg. There is one street in Yogyakarta, which becomes the center of gudeg, namely Wijilan street. Gudeg in Wijilan is close to the main road so it has great possibility to microorganism contamination. Because of that, a research on number of germs in gudeg Wijilan needs to be conducted. Objectives: This research aims to know the food safety level based on the number of germs in gudeg Wijilan, Yogyakarta. Methods: This research was a survey research with cross sectional design. The study was descriptive which describes the safety of gudeg by doing a test on number of germs, physical observation, and observation on condition and sales practice. This research was located in Wijilan street, Yogyakarta. Result: The results showed that the condition and sales practices of gudeg was not hygienic. Physical properties of color, smell, taste and texture of gudeg from 3 gudeg home industries showed differences but it was still safe to consume. The number of germs that was still below the microorganism impurities level came from all gudeg home industries, tofu B and C, young jackfruit vegetable B. The number of germs that was above the microorganism impurities level was found in krecek, chicken and duck egg in all gudeg resturant, young jackfruit vegetable A and C as well as tofu A. Conclusion: Based on the number of germs, it can be concluded that tofu A, young Jackfruit vegetable A, young jackfruit vegetable C, all krecek, all chicken, and all duck eggs are not safe to consume, while from the physical properties of gudeg, all of them were still safe to consume. Keywords: number of germs, physical properties, gudeg

FINRA 2015 regulatory and examinations priorities

Purpose – To summarize the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”) 2015 Regulatory and Examinations Priorities Letter. Design/methodology/approach – Provides a brief summary of the general compliance and supervisory challenges described by FINRA. Highlights key sales practice concerns raised by FINRA. Briefly summarizes FINRA’s 2015 key financial and operational priorities. Summarizes FINRA market integrity focuses for 2015. Encourages firms to consider the FINRA 2015 regulatory and examination priorities alongside the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) examination priorities for 2015 as they review their policies, procedures and business activities. Findings – FINRA’s 2015 Regulatory and Examinations Priorities Letter focuses on: key areas FINRA has observed contributing to member firm compliance and supervisory deficiencies, its observation of an increase in firms failing to file timely responses to information requests in connection with examinations and investigations, key sales practice issues, financial and operational issues, and market integrity matters. Practical implications – Firms should review these priorities alongside the SEC’s examination priorities for 2015. Where firms observe deficiencies in their own practices, adjustments should be made before they find themselves the subject of a FINRA or SEC investigation, examination or enforcement action. Originality/value – Practical explanation by experienced financial services lawyer.