Modeling and Simulation of Monolithic Single-Supply Power Operational Amplifiers

In this paper a simple PSpice (Personal Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis) macro-model was developed, and verified for monolithic power operational amplifiers operated with a single-supply voltage. The proposed macro-model is developed using simplification and build-up techniques for macro-modeling of operational amplifiers and simulates the basic static and dynamic characteristics, including input impedance, small-signal frequency responses at various voltage gains, output power versus supply voltage, slew-rate-limiting, voltage limiting, output offset voltage versus supply voltage ripples, and output resistance. Furthermore, the macro-model also takes into account the ground reference voltage in the amplifier at a single power supply voltage. The model is implemented as a hierarchical structure suitable for the PSpice circuit simulation platform. The sub-circuit is built using standard PSpice components and analog behavioral modeling blocks. The accuracy of the model is verified by extracting the model parameters for single-supply power operational amplifier TDA2005 from ST Microelectronics as example. The effectiveness of the model is validated by comparing the simulation results of the electrical parameters with the corresponding measured values obtained by experimental testing of sample circuits. The comparative analysis shows that the relative error of the modeled large-signal parameters is less than 15%. Moreover, an error of 15% is quite acceptable, considering the technological tolerances of the electrical parameters for this type of analog ICs.

How did COVID-19 impact working professionals – a typology of impacts focused on education sector

PurposeThe pandemic COVID-19 brought in large challenges globally among the workforce. There were reports of how employee layoffs and pay-cuts were gradually becoming prominent across industries based on media reports. However, there were no attempts to develop a typology of challenges faced by the workforce.Design/methodology/approachThis study mined user-generated content from Twitter to bring out a typology of challenges due to the sudden turbulence that is faced from the pandemic. A case study has also been conducted by taking in-depth interviews in the academic sector to deep dive into the nature of these problems.FindingsThe study findings indicate that these challenges are basically stemming from challenges surrounding infrastructure readiness, digital readiness, changing nature of deliverables, workforce demand versus supply problems and challenges surrounding job losses.Research limitations/implicationsThere is a need to explore the linkages through inferential research infrastructure readiness, digital readiness, changing nature of deliverables, workforce demand versus supply problems and challenges surrounding job losses on employee welfare during pandemics.Originality/valueThe authors provide inductive insights based on a data-driven research methodology surrounding the sudden challenges faced and possible mechanisms to address these issues faced by a stressed workforce catering to multiple stakeholders.

EXPRESS: Tarred with the Same Brush? Advertising Share of Voice and Stock Price Synchronicity

Using the informative view of advertising as their theoretical lens, the authors propose that advertising provides information to investors in financial markets, analogous to its role for customers in product markets. The authors extend previous marketing-finance research, which has focused on how advertising affects firms’ risk and returns, and investigate a novel outcome variable, stock price synchronicity. Consistent with their proposed theory, the authors find that firms which advertise more relative to competitors have lower stock price synchronicity, implying that these firms’ stock price movements are driven more by information that is specific to the firm rather than general industry- and market-wide trends. The effect of advertising investments on stock price synchronicity is moderated by the information demand versus supply about firms in financial markets given firms’ product characteristics and ownership structure, and the likelihood of spillover effects between product and financial markets given firms’ marketing strategies. The authors illustrate the relevance of their findings for marketing managers through an event study in which they demonstrate that firms with high stock price synchronicity are “tarred with the same brush” and experience negative abnormal returns when competitors have a product recall, whereas firms with low stock price synchronicity are not affected.

Marketing Strategies in the Real-Estate Industry in Prishtina

Real Estate is the industry that has always influenced the economic development of a country due to very costly investment and employment to thousands of people. This industry has been vastly developing in recent years in Prishtina, resulting in huge demand for real estate, which led to the establishment of many construction companies ready to meet this demand.The paper draws on data collection and information with the purpose of exploring and analyzing marketing strategies of construction companies in Prishtina’s market. This paper examines the role of internal and external factors that influence the development of the Real Estate industry and analyses the trends for the future. The objects as picked for the study are construction companies currently operating in this market, which was done so as to analyse their ways of doing business and their strategies and plans for achieving their objectives. Also, this research includes the level of demand versus supply for these companies and the success of meeting these requirements.