Understanding the Awareness, Knowledge, and Opinion of Dairy Cattle Welfare among Dairy Farmers in Keningau, Sabah

This study aimed to assess the knowledge and opinions about DCW among dairy cattle farmers in Keningau, Sabah. A questionnaire was developed, validated, and administered by hand to 30 farmers. The data collected include farmers’ and farm demographics, and opinions regarding the criteria and indicators of DCW. Only 17 respondents (57%) had heard of “dairy cattle welfare” before this study. Nine farmers (30.0%) had poor knowledge about DCW criteria, whereas 13 (43.7%) and 8 (26.7%) farmers had satisfactory and good knowledge, respectively. Farmers with higher education, larger herd size, high production level, and exotic cattle breeds showed a better understanding. Farmers understood most of the indicators; however, opinions regarding cattle behavior during milking, their physical appearance and their lying down behaviour need to be improved. Nevertheless, 28 respondents ranked their animals’ welfare as either good or satisfactory, which further reflects a poor implementation of DCW measures. The main factors suggested by farmers to influence DCW in their herds were facilities, worker issues, management practices, and animal well-being. In conclusion, guidance from veterinarians and animal welfare specialists may be needed to improve the farmers’ understanding and practices of DCW.

Comparison of Changes in the Plumage and Body Condition, Egg Production, and Mortality of Different Non-Beak-Trimmed Pure Line Laying Hens during the Egg-Laying Period

The experiment was carried out with altogether 1740 non-beak-trimmed laying hens, which originated from Bábolna TETRA Ltd., representing two different types (Rhode Island Red (RIR) and Rhode Island White (RIW)) and four different lines (Lines 1–2: RIR, Lines 3–4: RIW). The plumage and body condition of randomly selected 120 hens (30 hens/line) was examined at 20, 46, and 62 weeks of age. The egg production and the mortality of the sampled hens were recorded daily. Based on the results, it was established that the lines differ clearly in most of the examined traits. It was also pointed out that injurious pecking of the hens resulted not only in damages in the plumage but also in the body condition. The results obviously demonstrated that the highest egg production and the lowest mortality rate were reached by those hens, which had the best plumage and body condition. Because the occurrence of injurious pecking seems to depend on the genetic background, selection of the hens (lines, families, individuals) for calm temperament will be very important in the future in order to maintain the high production level in non-beak-trimmed layer flocks.

Antibiotic-Resistant-Bacterial Infection of Diabetes Mellitus-Induced Ulcers: A Narrative Review on a Healing Ointment

Gangrene is the main reason why diabetes mellitus patient’s leg amputation should be done. Natural compounds which are contained in coffee grounds extract can actually act as antibacterial substances by inhibiting the growth of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) that resistant to several antibiotics. Coffee grounds become waste caused by people are underusing this material and the high production level of coffee grounds in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to examine the content of antimicrobial compounds from coffee grounds that can heal wounds caused by diabetes mellitus and to create a formulation of coffee ground based ointment for diabetes mellitus wound healing. Methods used in this research are narrative review from literatures, normality test, and T-test. The conclusion of this narrative review, natural compounds such a trigonelline, caffeine, and chlorogenic acid found in coffee grounds are capable of MRSA growth inhibition at concentration 44%. Coffee grounds based ointment with 1% (w/w) of ointment preparation is expected to reduce coffee grounds waste by developing new product as diabetes mellitus wound healer.

Identifikasi Potensi Komoditas Unggulan Sektor Peranian Tanaman Pangan. Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian

The aim in this study were (i) determine the base region commodity crops in Deli Serdang, (ii) determine differences in the level of competitiveness of commodity crops in Deli Serdang, (iii) determine specialty crops in the district of Deli Serdang, (iv) knowing localization (deployment) crops in Deli Serdang, (v) to determine the trend of food crops in Deli Serdang. The analytical method used is: (a) analysis of location quotient (LQ), (b) Shift Share analysis, (c) the analysis of the coefficient of specialization, (d) analysis of localization, (e) the analysis of the trend. Characteristics deployment commodity crops in Deli Serdang regency does not lead to the principle of specialization and localization. Patterns of production on food crops in Deli Serdang district tends to spread in many regions or districts and no commodity specialization in each district. Results of factor analysis trend commodity crops such as rice, cassava, and maize has a high production level each year, but the commodity sweet potato and peanut production is likely to decline.

Influence of Technological Factors on Biodiversity Grasslands of Festuca Rubra in the Apuseni Mountains

Meadows of secondary order (semi) have great importance in many functions they hold. Lately the question of maintaining their cultural landscape at European and national levels. Keeping pastures semi involves interventions in the system undertook various management measures; such as organic and mineral fertilization of them; which can contribute essentially to maintain high production level and to maintain a broad fitodiversity.