Potential landscape stability of recreational zones on the southern shore of Lake Baikal

The article deals with the landscape stability of five recreational zones on the southern coast of Lake Baikal: Portbaikal’skaya, Kultuk-Slyudyanskaya, Utulik-Baikal’skaya, Murinskaya and Snezhinskaya, the boundaries of which were previously defined during the tourist and recreational zoning of the central ecological zone of the Baikal natural territory between 2017 and 2019. We studied the natural stability of recreational areas on a landscape basis using the results of component-wise assessments of vulnerability and stability. The landscape-typological structure of recreational zones and component-wise stability within the boundaries of specific landscape sections were analysed, the integral stability of landscapes was obtained, and a comparative analysis of the landscape stability of the selected recreational zones has been carried out.

Monitoring and prospects for conservation and rational use of the resources of the Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber Linnaeus, 1758) on the example of the Samara Region

The paper examines characteristics of the Eurasian beaver population (Castor fiber Linnaeus, 1758) on territories with different anthropogenic load. Monitoring the beaver population and habitat, including the landscape basis and natural zoning with the allocation of natural, natural-anthropogenic and anthropogenic territories as natural ecological systems allows you to manage and rationally use the resources of these animals. Previously there were mainly natural territories in the studied region, however with the growth of the human population and its economic activity their properties have changed. According to biotic criteria, geochemical circulation, significant (formerly natural) territories functionally already correspond to natural-anthropogenic and anthropogenic objects, since the supply of fodder, population density and density of animals have changed. According to natural zoning, taking into account the identified changes in the habitat of beavers (by biotic criteria), we have examined their territorial distribution as well as the number of settlements in various natural objects of the region. On the studied rivers the density of the beaver population in the channel decreases in the following order: natural territory natural-anthropogenic anthropogenic, but the indicator of private abundance (the density of animals on the territory where beavers live directly) and aggregation (crowding of individuals) increases. The population density of the river bed of the studied rivers by beavers on anthropogenic territories is from 0,9-3,7 individuals/km, which is lower than on natural and natural-anthropogenic territories, where this indicator is from 1,5 to 6 individuals/km. The length of the river bed, where beavers live directly, without taking into account significant buffer zones, varies in natural areas from 60 to 100%, which is more than in areas with anthropogenic load, where this indicator in the study area decreases to 40%. A decrease in the size of river channel sections suitable for beaver colonization leads to overcrowding (aggregation) of individuals. Compared with the total density of beaver population in the river channel 0,9-3,7 individuals/km of the channel (excluding the Kondurcha River - 6 individuals/km of the channel) the population density, locally, on anthropogenic and natural-anthropogenic territories increases to 4-7,5 individuals/km.

Towards an Online Database for Archaeological Landscapes. Using the Web Based, Open Source Software OpenAtlas for the Acquisition, Analysis and Dissemination of Archaeological and Historical Data on a Landscape Basis

In this paper, we present the web-based, open source software OpenAtlas, which uses the International Council of Museums’ Conceptual Reference Model (CIDOC CRM), and its possible future potential for the acquisition, analysis and dissemination of a wide range of archaeological and historical data on a landscape basis. To this end, we will first introduce the ongoing research project The Anthropological and Archaeological Database of Sepultures (THANADOS), built upon OpenAtlas, as well as its data model and interactive web interface/presentation frontend. Subsequently, the article will then discuss the possible extension of this database of early medieval cemeteries with regard to the integration of further archaeological structures (e.g., medieval settlements, fortifications, field systems and traffic routes) and other data, such as historical maps, aerial photographs and airborne laser scanning data. Finally, the paper will conclude with the general added value for future research projects by such a collaborative and web-based approach.

INNOVATIONS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEPPED TERRACES FOR INTENSIVE GARDENS

The article presents the results of experimental data on the study of an innovative method of terracing the slope lands of the foothill zone of the Kabardino-Balkarsk Republic for intensive-type gardens. The method allows you to grow trees on the canvas of the terrace in the trenches constructed during their construction filled with a humus layer of soil according to the compacted scheme using weakly clonal rootstocks. The data obtained will allow us to establish intensive apple orchards at various exposures (southern, eastern, western, northern) and parts (lower, middle, upper) slopes on an adaptive-landscape basis, which will contribute to a more rational use of reclaimed land and the production of environmentally friendly fruit products.

METHODOLOGY FOR DIVIDING THE TERRITORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN ON AGROLANDSCAPE AREAS ON THE BASIS OF ZONING OF ITS NATURAL-CLIMATE CONDITIONS

At present, the scientific and practical physical and geographical zoning of territories is of great importance for resolving issues of maintaining ecological balance. The applied value of such zoning is the definition of individual natural complexes that differ in natural conditions and natural resources, which subsequently allows us to optimize the conservation of ecological balance [1]. In this regard, it is necessary to pay more and more attention to such types of zoning and zoning of the territory of the republic as: agroclimatic; physical and geographical; natural agricultural; soil erosion; agricultural soil. For land management purposes on an adaptive-landscape basis, it is necessary to take into account all available recommendations and scientific developments on zoning and zoning of the territory of the republic for the proper environmentally sound organization of the territory. Taking into account such environmental indicators as agricultural development, plowing, forest cover, anthropogenic load for on-farm land management on an adaptive-landscape basis, zoning and zoning of the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan were carried out. During the research it was revealed that the environmental stability of the territory is deteriorating in the Republic of Tatarstan, which imposes new requirements on the design of environmental protection measures in order to eliminate the negative consequences of anthropogenic origin.

Landscapes of the central ecological zone of the Baikal natural territory within the Buryat republic and their resistance to recreational load: evaluation and mapping

The approaches and natural preconditions of territorial differentiation of recreational activities within the boundaries of Baikal natural territory (Buryat republic) are considered in the article on a landscape basis. The intensity of tourism development in different landscapes should correspond to their resistance to recreational loads. The integral estimation of stability was calculated in qualitative categories on the basis of a combination of indicators of average and minimum componentwise stability, taking into account their importance in recreational action and the presence of component stability zero values. The low-mountain pine, larch-pine and cedar-larch landscapes, light coniferous and dark coniferous landscapes of valleys, as well as arable land are characterized by the highest indicators of recreational stability. Goltzy and sub-walnut landscapes, as well as wetlands are characterized by low stability. The map of the landscapes stability to the impact of tourism activities has been created by the method of landscape-interpretation mapping. This map will allow further planning of recreational loads in the Central Ecological Zone of the Baikal Natural Territory (Republic of Buryat).