Impact of the Coriolis interaction on the potential landscape evolution across the nuclide chart: Systematic total-Routhian-surface calculations

Rotational structure properties along the yrast line for 766 observed even-even nuclei with Z ≥ 20 in the nuclide chart have been systematically studied by means of the approach of pairing-deformation self-consistent total Routhian surface calculations in three-dimensional deformation space (β 2, γ, β 4). Typical two-dimensional maps of the total nuclear energy are presented as functions of rotational frequency ̄hω. Various types of physical quantities (including nuclear shapes, aligned angular momenta, pairing gaps and excitation energies) are presented in the (Z, N) plane, indicating the overall characteristics. The ground-state deformations are compared with experimental data and other theoretical results. The present investigation shows that the Coriolis coupling may affect the overall properties systematically, for instance, enforcing regular drifts of the different deformation ‘islands’. We believe that the synthetic presentation will be helpful when planning high-spin experiments, especially in the data-scarce drip-line or superheavy regions. Moreover, such systematic and large-scale calculation and analysis can help overcoming and eliminating the bias among different theoretical models and be useful for checking and developing them.

Urban Spatial Structures From Human Flow By Hodge-Kodaira Decomposition

Human flow in cities indicates social activity and can reveal urban spatial structures based on human behaviours for relevant applications. Scalar potential is a mathematical concept, and if successfully introduced, it can provide an intuitive perspective of human flow. However, the definition of such a potential to the origin-destination flow matrix and determination of its plausibility remain unsolved. Here, we apply Hodge-Kodaira decomposition, in which a matrix is uniquely decomposed into a potential-driven (gradient) flow and a curl flow. We depict the potential landscapes in cities due to commuting flow and reveal how the landscapes have been changed or unchanged by years or transport methods. We then determine how well the commuting flow is described by the potential, by evaluating the percentage of the gradient component for metropolitan areas in the USA and show that the gradient component is almost 100% in several areas; in other areas, however, the curl component is dominant, indicating the importance of circular flow along triangles of places. The potential landscape provides an easy-to-use visualisation tool to show the attractive places of human flow and will aid in various applications in commerce, urban design, and epidemic spreading.

simlandr: Simulation-Based Landscape Construction for Dynamical Systems

We present the simlandr package for R, which provides a set of tools for constructing potential landscapes for dynamic systems using Monte Carlo simulation. Potential landscapes can be used to quantify the stability of system states. While the canonical form of a potential function is defined for gradient systems, generalized potential functions can also be defined for non-gradient dynamical systems. Our method is based on the potential landscape definition by Wang, Xu, and Wang (2008), and can be used for a large variety of models. Using two multistable dynamical systems as examples, we illustrate how simlandr can be used for model simulation, landscape construction, and barrier height calculation.

Dynamic vortex Mott transition in triangular superconducting arrays

The proximity-coupled superconducting island arrays on a metallic film provide an ideal platform to study the phase transition of vortex states under mutual interactions between the vortex and potential landscape. We have developed a top-down microfabrication process for Nb island arrays on Au film by employing an Al hard mask. A current-induced dynamic vortex Mott transition has been observed under the perpendicular magnetic fields of $f$ magnetic flux quantum per unit cell, which is characterized by a dip-to-peak reversal in differential resistance $dV/dI$ vs. $f$ curve with the increasing current. The $dV/dI$ vs. $I$ characteristics show a scaling behavior near the magnetic fields of $f=\frac{1}{2}$ and $f=1$, with the critical exponents $\varepsilon$ of 0.45 and 0.3 respectively, suggesting different universality classes at these two fields.

A stochastic resonator in a layered semiconductor device

In this paper, we propose a device that picks up a periodic but weak signal by amplifying it assisted by the existing background noise. The device consists of a doped layered semiconductor with three gates that generate a one-dimensional double-well potential along the semiconductor. A laser coolant is to be shined on the other side of the central gate perpendicular to the one-dimensional layer causing triple-well potential. A weak tunable oscillator imposed parallel to the layer that rocks the potential landscape can pick up an incoming signal of interest as a result of resonance. To justify the model, we carried out analytic calculation as well as Monte Carlo simulation. The two approaches agree reasonably well for all the different parameter values we used.

Potential landscape stability of recreational zones on the southern shore of Lake Baikal

The article deals with the landscape stability of five recreational zones on the southern coast of Lake Baikal: Portbaikal’skaya, Kultuk-Slyudyanskaya, Utulik-Baikal’skaya, Murinskaya and Snezhinskaya, the boundaries of which were previously defined during the tourist and recreational zoning of the central ecological zone of the Baikal natural territory between 2017 and 2019. We studied the natural stability of recreational areas on a landscape basis using the results of component-wise assessments of vulnerability and stability. The landscape-typological structure of recreational zones and component-wise stability within the boundaries of specific landscape sections were analysed, the integral stability of landscapes was obtained, and a comparative analysis of the landscape stability of the selected recreational zones has been carried out.

Optical read-out of Coulomb staircases in a moiré superlattice via trapped interlayer trions

Moiré patterns with a superlattice potential can be formed by vertically stacking two layered materials with a relative twist or lattice constant mismatch. In transition metal dichalcogenide-based systems, the moiré potential landscape can trap interlayer excitons (IXs) at specific atomic registries. Here, we report that spatially isolated trapped IXs in a molybdenum diselenide/tungsten diselenide heterobilayer device provide a sensitive optical probe of carrier filling in their immediate environment. By mapping the spatial positions of individual trapped IXs, we are able to spectrally track the emitters as the moiré lattice is filled with excess carriers. Upon initial doping of the heterobilayer, neutral trapped IXs form charged IXs (IX trions) uniformly with a binding energy of ~7 meV. Upon further doping, the empty superlattice sites sequentially fill, creating a Coulomb staircase: stepwise changes in the IX trion emission energy due to Coulomb interactions with carriers at nearest-neighbour moiré sites. This non-invasive, highly local technique can complement transport and non-local optical sensing techniques to characterize Coulomb interaction energies, visualize charge correlated states, or probe local disorder in a moiré superlattice.

From metaphor to computation: Constructing the potential landscape for multivariate psychological formal models

For psychological formal models, the stability of different phases is an important property for understanding individual differences and change processes. Many researchers use landscapes as a metaphor to illustrate the concept of stability, but so far there is no method to quantify the stability of a system’s phases. We here propose a method to construct the potential landscape for multivariate psychological models. This method is based on the generalized potential function defined by Wang et al. (2008) and Monte Carlo simulation. Based on potential landscapes we define three different types of stability for psychological phases: absolute stability, relative stability, and geometric stability. The panic disorder model by Robinaugh et al. (2019) is used as an example, to demonstrate how the method can be used to quantify the stability of states and phases, illustrate the influence of model parameters, and guide model modifications. An R package, simlandr, was developed to provide an implementation of the method.

Motional narrowing, ballistic transport, and trapping of room-temperature exciton polaritons in an atomically-thin semiconductor

Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide crystals (TMDCs) hold great promise for semiconductor optoelectronics because their bound electron-hole pairs (excitons) are stable at room temperature and interact strongly with light. When TMDCs are embedded in an optical microcavity, excitons can hybridise with cavity photons to form exciton polaritons, which inherit useful properties from their constituents. The ability to manipulate and trap polaritons on a microchip is critical for applications. Here, we create a non-trivial potential landscape for polaritons in monolayer WS2, and demonstrate their trapping and ballistic propagation across tens of micrometers. We show that the effects of dielectric disorder, which restrict the diffusion of WS2 excitons and broaden their spectral resonance, are dramatically reduced for polaritons, leading to motional narrowing and preserved partial coherence. Linewidth narrowing and coherence are further enhanced in the trap. Our results demonstrate the possibility of long-range dissipationless transport and efficient trapping of TMDC polaritons in ambient conditions.

Potential Landscape of a Probe Penetrant Particle for Fast Estimating of Silica Diffusion Properties

Successful search for optimal molecular structures of membrane materials requires efficient algorithms for assessing their diffusion properties. It is shown in this work that the potential landscape of a probe penetrating particle, a component that passes through the membrane during gas separation, is suitable for solving such problems. A number of indicators are considered that can be easily calculated from potential landscapes of specific models of silicate materials, both not related to the topology of the potential landscape (global minimum, voxel energy distribution), and depending on it (percolation cluster). A good correlation of these indicators with the corresponding diffusion coefficients is shown