Microfluidization-Driven Changes in Some Physicochemical Characteristics, Metal/Mineral Composition, and Sensory Attributes of Sugarcane Juice

This work evaluated the effect of microfluidization at different pressure (50, 100, 150, and 200 MPa)-cycle (1, 3, 5, 7) combinations on the physicochemical (total soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH, and electrical conductivity), sensory, and metal/mineral composition of sugarcane juice which was previously unexplored. Juice extracted from blanched sugarcane stems (var Co 0238) was microfluidized, and the analysis for different parameters was conducted using standard protocols. The mineral/metal composition was determined using ICP-OES following a wet digestion method. Results showed that TSS decreased from 18.88 °Brix to a range of 10.15–15.7 °Brix with the former (lower value) being due to the release of insoluble matter after microfluidization which was further solubilised at higher processing cycles (as in the latter). The pH did not vary significantly as compared to control and was in the range of 5.2–5.7. However, a decrease in titratable acidity (0.1–0.26%) was found as compared to control (0.26%). The electrical conductivity of microfluidized sugarcane juice varied from 4.45 to 5.12 mS as compared to 4.95 mS for control. Metal/mineral analysis showed rich reserves of magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, and calcium in sugarcane juice which degraded after microfluidization perhaps due to filtration effect caused by the micropore in the interaction chamber of the microfluidizer. The sensory score showed acceptability of the juice after microfluidization (overall acceptability ∼7).

Effects of a fully enclosed hollow-fiber centrifugal ultrafiltration technique for laboratory biosafety improvement

Laboratory biosafety has become a core focus in biological analysis, owing to the frequent occurrence of laboratory-acquired infections caused by the leakage of pathogenic microorganisms. For this purpose, the authors developed a safe pretreatment device combining a sealing technique with a direct injection technique. In this study, several bacteria and viruses were used to validate the filtration effect of the invention. Data show that the new device can completely filter bacteria and that the filtration rates for hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus reached 94% and 96%, respectively. The results show that the new preparation device can effectively block these pathogens and can improve biological safety and provide powerful protection for technicians.

Biological Activity Test of Dendrobium Huoshanense and Its Application in the Detection of Environmental Pollutant Phenols

ABSTRACTIn this research, a new type of carbon quantum dot was prepared from Dendrobium huoshanense via one-step hydrothermal reaction at 200 °C for 6 h. The as-derived carbon quantum dots exhibited good fluorescence properties, with quantum yield of 23.57%. The extraction and determination of Dendrobium huoshanense enzymes activity were performed for different incubation times to study the theoretical reference for the dynamic changes of the main enzyme activity in the process of Dendrobium huoshanense growth and the solid processing industry. The results demonstrated that Dendrobium huoshanense was a low toxic carbon source material. Moreover, the prepared carbon quantum dots exhibited high sensitivity for the detection of nonylphenol, allowing a range of linear response of 0.5–50 µM (R2 = 0.9997). The detection limit was a slow as 95.32 nM. These results indicated that fluorescence internal filtration effect influenced nonylphenol-induced quenching of the Dendrobium huoshanense-carbon quantum dots fluorescence. The Dendrobium huoshanense-carbon quantum dots were successfully used to track nonylphenol in environmental samples. Therefore, their exploitation offers a promising approach for environmental pollutant detection.

Green synthesis of a deep-ultraviolet carbonized nanoprobe for ratiometric fluorescent detection of feroxacin and enrofloxacin in food and serum samples

A sensitive ratiometric fluorescent probe for EFC and FXC detection in milk and bovine serum samples based on the internal filtration effect.

Study on Dispersion of Cement Grout in Sand considering Filtration Effect through the EDTA Titration Test

When grouting in a sand layer, the filtration of the layer on cement particles is an important aspect affecting the grout dispersion. However, few laboratory studies have been conducted to investigate the distribution of cement particles along the direction of dispersion. In this study, a group of laboratory tests were conducted by grouting in a sand layer under different levels of pressure. The distributions of cement particles in sand after curing were then measured using the EDTA titration test. The results show that, due to the filtration effect, the cement content along the radial direction of dispersion decreases nonlinearly in a reversed S shape. The filtration effect becomes more obvious when grouting with a higher grout concentration. With the decrease in grout concentration, the filtration effect becomes weak and cement particles could disperse farther in the sand layer, but the cement content in a farther location becomes lower and the improvement of the soil strength is limited. In the end, the measured results were compared with the calculated results according to an existing theoretical study and the trend reasonably matches with each other.