Espacios de ocio para el desarrollo humano

Resumen: El presente artículo parte de la necesidad por reflexionar en torno al impacto de la mercantilización en la valoración y producción social de los espacios para el ocio. A través de distinciones y precisiones conceptuales entre espacio, lugar y ocio, este trabajo pretende analizar dos consecuencias importantes de la mercantilización en la valoración del espacio social: la producción del espacio a través de la mercantilización produce valor mercantil. El espacio en sentido social se torna entonces en un contenedor de relaciones sociales mediadas por la mercancía, y esto es apreciable en los espacios para la ocupación del tiempo de ocio. Sin embargo, pretendemos sustentar aquí que el ocio es un posible agente de emancipación y productor de valor en otros sentidos. Los espacios también han de contener valor no necesariamente en sentido mercantil, y es ahí donde es posible un punto de encuentro con el valor del ocio y los espacios para este. Así, se persigue la idea de que el ocio puede fungir como resistencia, diferenciándose del común malentendido de situarlo como actividad ligada irremediablemente al consumo. En cambio, nos inclinamos por proponerlo como experiencia formativa capaz de potenciar las capacidades humanas por medio de su desarrollo. Se busca así plantear alternativas en torno a la posibilidad de encontrar por medio de la experiencia de ocio resquicios de emancipación y resistencia para hacer frente a la mercantilización y el consumo y proponer formas de desarrollo local que sean cauce de desarrollo humano y comunitario. Palabras clave: Espacio, lugar, tiempo de ocio, valor, mercancía. Abstract: This article is based on the need to reflect on the impact of commodification on the valuation and social production of leisure spaces. Through conceptual distinctions and clarifications between space, place and leisure, this paper aims to analyse two important consequences of commodification on the valuation of social space: The production of space through commodification produces market value. Space in a social sense then becomes a container for commodity-mediated social relations, and this is visible in the spaces for the occupation of leisure time. However, we intend to argue here that leisure is a possible agent of emancipation and producer of value in other senses. Spaces also have to contain value not necessarily in a mercantile sense, and this is where a meeting point with the value of leisure and spaces for leisure is possible. Thus, we pursue the idea that leisure can function as resistance, as opposed to the common misunderstanding of situating it as an activity irremediably linked to consumption. Instead, we are inclined to propose it as a formative experience capable of enhancing human capacities through its development. In this way, we seek to propose alternatives around the possibility of finding, through the experience of leisure, loopholes for emancipation and resistance in order to confront commercialisation and consumption and to propose forms of local development that are a channel for human and community development. Key words: Valuable leisure, human development, recreation, re-creation.

Thresholds in Distributive Justice

Despite the prominence of thresholds in theories of distributive justice, there is no general account of what sort of role is played by the idea of a threshold within such theories. This has allowed an ongoing lack of clarity and misunderstanding around views that employ thresholds. In this article, I develop an account of the concept of thresholds in distributive justice. I argue that this concept contains three elements, which threshold views deploy when ranking possible distributions. These elements are (i) the level of the threshold, (ii) what constitutes the value of the threshold, and (iii) how benefits above and below the threshold must be allocated. I highlight three contributions that this particular account of thresholds makes: it clarifies the nature of the shift that occurs at the threshold; it resolves a common misunderstanding about headcount principles; and it shows how the arbitrariness objection can be met.

Dossier: Uyghur Women in China’s Genocide

In genocide, both women and men suffer. However, their suffering has always been different; with men mostly subjected to torture and killings, and women mostly subjected to torture and mutilation. These differences stem primarily from the perpetrators' ideology and intention to exterminate the targeted people. Many patriarchal societies link men with blood lineage and the group’s continuation, while women embody the group’s reproductivity and dignity. In the ongoing genocide against the Uyghurs and other Turkic Muslims in East Turkistan, the ideology of Chinese colonialism is a root cause. It motivates the targeting of women as the means through which to destroy the reproductivity and the dignity of the people as a whole. It is a common misunderstanding to associate genocide with only mass killings, and the current lack of evidence for massacres has led some to prematurely conclude there is no genocide. But this overlooks the targeting of women, which is also a prominent part of the definition of genocide laid out in the Genocide Convention. State policy in China intentionally targets Uyghur and other Turkic women in multiple ways. This dossier is focused on analyzing China’s targeted policies against Uyghur women and their “punishment,” as rooted in part in ancient Chinese legalist philosophy. In doing so, this dossier contributes toward further exposing Chinese colonialism and the genocidal intent now in evidence.

Coverage Intervals

Since coverage intervals are widely used expressions of measurement uncertainty, this contribution reviews coverage intervals as defned in the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM), and compares them against the principal types of probabilistic intervals that are commonly used in applied statistics and in measurement science. Although formally identical to conventional confdence intervals for means, the GUM interprets coverage intervals more as if they were Bayesian credible intervals, or tolerance intervals. We focus, in particular, on a common misunderstanding about the intervals derived from the results of the Monte Carlo method of the GUM Supplement 1 (GUM-S1), and offer a novel interpretation for these intervals that we believe will foster realistic expectations about what they can deliver, and how and when they can be useful in practice

Mastering Change Management for Successful Digital Supply Chain Transformations

In response to the dramatic changes in the business landscape over the last few years, many companies are launching business transformations leveraging digital technologies to drive sweeping changes in their supply chain processes. The digital supply chain transformation can be evident establishing collaborative forecasting processes, optimizing networks and inventories, etc. Digital supply chain transformation is not a new buzz word. It is the application of digital capabilities to processes, products, and assets to improve supply chain efficiency, enhance customer value, manage risk, and achieve competitive advantage. However, organizations are still facing numerous challenges to transform and perform. Perhaps the most common misunderstanding is that digital transformation is all about the implementation and use of cutting-edge technologies. This chapter will dive deep to understand major challenges to digital supply chain transformations, identify the key drivers and enablers of digital opportunity, and provide a change management framework for digital supply chain transformation.

From Apocalypticism to the AbsoluteTroeltsch’s Nonapocalyptic Eschatology

Chapter 1 contextualizes Troeltsch’s approach to eschatology by distinguishing his views from those of the emerging apocalyptic interpretation in New Testament studies, while also demonstrating his constructive interaction with contemporary biblical scholars. It demonstrates how a common misunderstanding of Troeltsch as being a noneschatological thinker rests upon bad readings of an isolated passage in his lectures on theology. In fact Troeltsch concurred with the new apocalyptic conception of the preaching of Jesus of Nazareth against earlier Kantian ethical conceptions of the biblical Kingdom of God, although he did reject the possibility of modern theological appropriations of apocalyptic thought. In contrast, Troeltsch advocated a nonapocalyptic eschatology. Further, he argued that a doctrine of eschatology proper was possible only once the apocalyptic expectation of divine judgment of the world had been abandoned as an object of Christian hope.

An introduction to the Kaluza-Klein formulation

We give an elementary introduction to the Kaluza-Klein formulation, in which the gravitational and the electromagnetic fields are represented in the geometry of a five-dimensional space. We show that, in the framework of general relativity, the interaction of a point particle, or of a charged spin-zero field, with a gravitational and an electromagnetic field can be obtained through the metric of a five-dimensional space. We also show that the symmetries of the metric of this five-dimensional space lead to constants of motion for the point particles, or to operators that commute with the Klein--Gordon operator. A common misunderstanding related to the unification of gravitation and electromagnetism given by the Kaluza--Klein formulation is discussed.

A Common Misunderstanding of Intention

The moral act consists of object, intention, and circumstances. The word intention, as commonly used, is often mistaken for the technical meaning of the word intention as employed by philosophers. This produces confusion in the description of moral acts. The common use of intention signifies motive, or one's reason for action. We commonly say that someone has a good intention even though what he or she does is wrong. For example, we describe someone who wants to alleviate suffering, and so euthanizes a patient, as having a good intention. To the contrary, in the Catholic moral tradition, intention means an action that is done voluntarily and knowingly. A nurse who kills a patient has a bad intention because he or she acts freely and with knowledge. Alleviating suffering is indeed a good motive for action, but motives are formulated through deliberation prior to action.

Mastering Change Management for Successful Digital Supply Chain Transformations

In response to the dramatic changes in the business landscape over the last few years, many companies are launching business transformations leveraging digital technologies to drive sweeping changes in their supply chain processes. The digital supply chain transformation can be evident establishing collaborative forecasting processes, optimizing networks and inventories, etc. Digital supply chain transformation is not a new buzz word. It is the application of digital capabilities to processes, products, and assets to improve supply chain efficiency, enhance customer value, manage risk, and achieve competitive advantage. However, organizations are still facing numerous challenges to transform and perform. Perhaps the most common misunderstanding is that digital transformation is all about the implementation and use of cutting-edge technologies. This chapter will dive deep to understand major challenges to digital supply chain transformations, identify the key drivers and enablers of digital opportunity, and provide a change management framework for digital supply chain transformation.

La gamificación como recurso didáctico en la enseñanza del diseño

Resumen: Este artículo propone una aproximación al papel del juego en la enseñanza del diseño y su valoración como recurso didáctico. Así pues, se describe la experiencia desarrollada en las Escuelas Superiores de Arte y Diseño de Orihuela y Alicante de utilizar la gamificación como instrumento pedagógico para formar diseñadores gráficos. El término gamificación se confunde en muchas ocasiones con el uso de videojuegos, por ello se describe este concepto de forma pormenorizada y se detalla el planteamiento llevado a cabo para su implantación en la asignatura Teoría de la publicidad y el marketing que se imparte en el ciclo de Gráfica Publicitaria, y en las asignaturas proyectuales que tratan aspectos de publicidad y marca de los Estudios Superiores de Diseño Gráfico. De este modo, se presentan los aspectos metodológicos de la gamificación aplicada a la educación, y se propone una serie de juegos creados expresamente para los estudiantes de Diseño Gráfico. Asimismo, se enumeran los puntos fuertes del uso de la gamificación en el aula, tanto desde el punto de vista del profesorado, como del alumnado. Por último, se hace hincapié en el uso de la gamificación como recurso didáctico que promueve la motivación del alumno a través de la creatividad, la espontaneidad, la diversión y la involucración, no solo en estas materias, sino como recurso pedagógico aplicable a cualquier materia y nivel educativo. Palabras clave: gamificación, juego, diseño, creatividad, innovación educativa, metodología. Abstract: This article suggests an approach to the role of play in the teaching of design studies. It describes in particular the experiences using gamification as a valuable training asset for graphic design students of the Superior Art & Design Schools of Orihuela and Alicante. There is a common misunderstanding of the term “gamification” as exclusively related to the video games field. So, the right concept is going to be clarified. There is a full description of the teaching approach and how it got introduced to two classrooms: Marketing and Advertisement subject given in Advertisement Graphics cycle and Projects subject given in the Superior Studies of Graphic Design module. This way, the educational methodology presented here shows a series of games specifically designed for the occasion and describes the strengths of using gamification at school, benefiting all of those involved, students and teachers. Therefore, utilizing games-based motivation improves the students experience through creativity, awareness, spontaneity, by increasing engagement and last but not least, having fun. These educational assets can be applied to other subjects at different educational levels too. Keywords: gamificatión, game, play, design, creativity, innovation, methodology. http://dx.doi.org/10.7203/eari.9.11473