The Structural Connection between Coronal Mass Ejection Flux Ropes near the Sun and at 1 au

We have performed the first comprehensive statistical analysis comparing flux rope (FR) structures of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) near the Sun and at 1 au, using Solar and Heliospheric Observatory and Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory measurements for the two full solar cycles 23 and 24. This study aims to investigate the physical connection of 102 magnetic FRs among solar source regions, CMEs in the extended corona, and magnetic clouds (MCs) near Earth. Our main results are as follows: (1) We confirmed that the hemispheric-helicity rule holds true for ∼87% of our 102 events. For the 13 events that do not follow this rule, the FR axis directions and helicity signs can be inferred from soft X-ray and extreme ultraviolet images and magnetogram data in the source regions (e.g., coronal arcade skews, Fe xii stalks, sigmoids, and magnetic tongues). (2) Around 25% of the 102 events have rotations >40° between the MC and CME-FR axial orientations. (3) For ∼56% of these rotational events, the FR rotations occurred within the COR2 field of view, which can be predicted from the CME tilts obtained from FR fitting models. In addition, we found that for 89% of the 19 stealth CMEs under study, we were able to use coronal neutral line locations and tilts to predict the FR helicity and its axial direction in the MCs. The above results should help improve the prediction of FR structures in situ. We discuss their implications on space weather forecasts.

A critical analysis of anarchist critiques of the Field of “Solidarity and Cooperative Economy” in Greece

In this article, we explore the critiques developed by the anarchist social movement towards the “Solidarity and Cooperative Economy” in Greece. Initially, we outline the genealogy of the structural connection governing the “solidarity” economy with the development of contemporary social movements worldwide. Then, through the indexing of anarchist publications, we proceed to focus on two main anarchist critiques emphasizing on the economic and political problems of a “solidarity” economy which, in turn lead to the construction of the political position that refutes the interrelation of social movements with the field of alternative economy. We also outline the economic and political theory of classic anarchist thinkers: Kropotkin, Proudhon and Bakunin and we reappraise the critiques of the contemporary Greek anarchist movement based on these thinkers. Ultimately, the paper seeks to detect the points of convergence between the “Solidarity and Cooperative Economy” and contemporary anarchist movement. Deeming the practice of self-management as the principal interface between the anarchist thought and the organisation of networks and communities that constitute the “Solidarity and Cooperative Economy”, the present article calls for reflection and re-evaluation of these critiques with the ultimate objective being the delineation of new areas of political antagonism with capitalist structures and social change.

About the systematic approach in criminal law

The systematic approach is used in various branches of knowledge, including in the humanities. The science of criminal law is no exception. The article analyzes the content of the main concepts of the system approach, such as «system», «element», etc. The method of system-structural analysis is applied to Russian criminal law, which is considered as an organic system, the general properties of which are disproportionately greater than just the sum of the properties of its constituent elements. Specific connections and dependencies are shown that characterize the organic connections of criminal law as a phenomenon as a whole with its constituent elements, as well as the connections of its constituent elements with each other. It is determined that the criminal law norms, as the primary elements of criminal law as an organic system, characterize the synthetic type of structural connection. It is stated that criminal law is characterized by a hierarchical (vertical) type of structural connection. It is noted that the external (functional) relations of criminal law should be considered from the point of view of mutual influence: how this influence is carried out from the side of criminal law and from the side of another phenomenon. Promising areas of application of a systematic approach in criminal law are indicated.

Fine-Tuning of Molecular Structures to Generate Carbohydrate Based Super Gelators and Their Applications for Drug Delivery and Dye Absorption

Carbohydrate-based low molecular weight gelators (LMWGs) exhibit many desirable properties making them useful in various fields including applications as drug delivery carriers. In order to further understand the structural connection to gelation properties, especially the influence of halide substitutions, we have designed and synthesized a series of para-chlorobenzylidene acetal protected D-glucosamine amide derivatives. Fifteen different amides were synthesized, and their self-assembling properties were assessed in multiple organic solvents, as well as mixtures of organic solvents with water. All derivatives were found to be gelators for at least one solvent and majority formed gels in multiple solvents at concentrations lower than 2 wt%. A few derivatives rendered remarkably stable gels in aqueous solutions at concentrations below 0.1 wt%. The benzamide 13 formed gels in water and in EtOH/H2O (v/v 1:2) at 0.36 mg/mL. The gels were characterized using optical microscopy and atomic force microscopy, and the self-assembly mechanism was probed using variable temperature 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Gel extrusion studies using H2O/DMSO gels successfully printed lines of gels on glass slides, which retained viscoelasticity based on rheology. Gels formed by the benzamide 13 were used for encapsulation and the controlled release of chloramphenicol and naproxen, as well as for dye removal for toluidine blue aqueous solutions.

Condiții pedagogice ale dezvoltării echilibrului emoțional la elevii claselor primare

The concept of pedagogical conditions, in the context of the development of emotional balance with primary school students, defines the set of affective, motivational, volitional-characteristic and cognitive factors that support students’ emotional balance within a formative triangle built on the necessary interpenetration between: a) student’s optimism as a psyhological state favorabile to healthy and successful school behavior, b) personal affective efficiency, established at a level of feeling superior to learning; c) self-esteem, acquired in a fomal and non-formal context, but also in an informal. All these have as a superior quality product the formation and development of the emotional intelligence of the students, which is in close functional and structural connection with the emotional culture of the teacher, in general and of the teacher from primary education, in particular.

Failure Mechanism and Strength Prediction Model of T-Joint of Composite Sandwich Structure

Composite sandwich structures are widely used in many fields. T-joint plays a significant role in the composite sandwich structural connection. In this paper, a type of adhesive T-joint was manufactured and tested under bending and shearing load. According to the experiment, the finite element model was established to reveal the failure process. A strength prediction model was proposed based on the simulation. The results showed that the T-joint’s lower connector and the web’s lower face panel controlled its maximum load-bearing capacity, and the failure mode is the fiber compressive damage. The predicted ultimate bearing capacity of the T-joint showed a good agreement with the simulation, and the maximum relative error was less than 3%.