Performance of Flowable Concrete in Underground Structures

Flowable concrete gives special combinations of uniformity, performance and consistency requirements that cannot be possible by traditional normal slump concrete. It is superior concrete than the traditional concrete with high workability, no segregation, no bleeding, and it is also suitable for use in the structures with long-distance pumping i.e., more than 120-meter length, for example, in NATM tunnels, cross-passages, and the concrete structure of the station box. Flowable concrete can flow itself without vibration or a little bit of vibration like surface tamping at outer surface of the formwork for achieving a smooth surface finish after de-shuttering. Percentages of concrete ingredients that are used in concrete to ensure a balance between deformability and stability. Type of selected materials and the fixed ratio of concrete materials can be affected on the fresh and harden properties of the concrete. The article presents experimental techniques for mix designing of flowable concrete for grade M40 and application of the same concrete mix at the cast in situ Base slab, Roof slab Rcc walls for underground metro stations, NATM tunnel & cross passages in Mumbai Metro Project, package -UGC-07. The test results for conformity requirements of M40 grade flowable concrete such as flowability, viscosity, passing ability of fresh concrete, durability test and harden concrete tests determined, and results are included here.

Singularity Formation in the Inviscid Burgers Equation

We provide a lower bound for the blow up time of the H2 norm of the entropy solutions of the inviscid Burgers equation in terms of the H2 norm of the initial datum. This shows an interesting symmetry of the Burgers equation: the invariance of the space H2 under the action of such nonlinear equation. The argument is based on a priori estimates of energy and stability type for the (viscous) Burgers equation.

A Novel Recursive Heuristic Algorithm for Straight and U-Shaped Assembly Line Balancing with Fuzzy Processing Time

The paper aims to address the straight and U–type assembly line balancing problems by developing a novel recursive heuristic algorithm based on the idea of the depth of search. The dynamic fuzzy processing time (DFPT) model is employed to represent uncertainty and ambiguity related to the processing time in the actual production systems. The novel algorithm, the minimum cycle time objective is considered for a set of imposed considerers. They are arranged in an appropriate strategy in which three-stages are proposed and presented as a solution approach. Finally, the validity of the developed solution approach is evaluated through a tested numerical example conducted over a test problem taken from literature to assess its performance. This study proofs their ability and efficiency in assisting decision-making by determining the contribution proportion for significant assignment variables represented by skill level, work stability, type layout, and priority rule.

Risk of Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation Implant Failure Upon Different Lateral Femoral Wall Thickness in Intertrochanteric Fracture :A Finite Element Analysis.

PurposePFNA has been commonly used to treat intertrochanteric fractures, despite the risk of implant failure. The integrity of the femur could influence the risk of implant failure. This study aims to evaluate the influence of lateral femoral wall thickness on potential implant failure using a computational modeling approach. MethodsFinite element model of the hip was reconstructed from the Computed Tomography of a female patient. Five intertrochanteric fracture models at different lateral femoral wall thickness (T1 = 27.6 mm, T2 = 25.4 mm, T3 = 23.4 mm, T4 = 21.4 mm, and T5 = 19.3 mm) were created and fixed with PFNA. A critical loading condition was simulated that mimicked a high loading scenario during walking. The implant failure condition, stress and displacement of the PFNA implant and fracture femur were predicted for analysis. ResultsImplant failure of PNFA occurred at the sides of the proximal nail canal especially for the thinner wall models (T4 and T5).The maximum von Mises stress of the nail for T4 changed abruptly to 298.1 MPa. However, thinner wall decreased the displacement of the PFNA implant. There was approximately opponent trend of stress and displacement on proximal and distal fragments with decreasing thickness possibly due to the adaptation after failure.ConclusionA thinner wall increased the risk of PFNA implant failure. Our prediction showed that complete failure occurred when the thickness was 21.4 mm which was close to the value suggested to determine the stability type.

Bifurcation in Mean Phase Portraits for Stochastic Dynamical Systems with Multiplicative Gaussian Noise

We investigate the bifurcation phenomena for stochastic systems with multiplicative Gaussian noise, by examining qualitative changes in mean phase portraits. Starting from the Fokker–Planck equation for the probability density function of solution processes, we compute the mean orbits and mean equilibrium states. A change in the number or stability type, when a parameter varies, indicates a stochastic bifurcation. Specifically, we study stochastic bifurcation for three prototypical dynamical systems (i.e. saddle-node, transcritical, and pitchfork systems) under multiplicative Gaussian noise, and have found some interesting phenomena in contrast to the corresponding deterministic counterparts.

Penetrating Extremity Trauma Endovascular versus Open Repair?

Penetrating extremity trauma (PET) accounts for an estimated 5–15% of trauma with vascular injury and these injuries are accountable for a significant percentage of trauma-related deaths. Historically, vascular injuries were best treated by open repair. While a defined selection criteria and a comprehensive algorithm have not been validated, the advancement of endovascular techniques, embolotherapy, and stent grafting have become viable options for the treatment of penetrating arterial extremity trauma in select patients. Advantages endovascular repair offers include decreasing mortality and morbidity associated with open repair, decreasing blood loss, decreasing iatrogenic injury such as nerve injury, and lower rate of wound infection. Patients stability, type of vascular injury, and lesion location are main factors help deciding between endovascular and open repair. Patient selection between endovascular and open repair should be determined by on a case-by-case situation, individual hospital guidelines, a multidisciplinary approach, and technical expertise.

Kendali Optimal Model Prognosis Sindrom Metabolik Dengan Faktor Resiko Obesitas Dan Diabetes Melitus Tipe II Menggunakan Minimum Pontryagin

ABSTRACTMetabolic syndrome (SM) is a compound of risk factors of cordiovascular disease occurancy. Obesity and type IIdiabetes mellitus are the main two of the risk factors. The epidemiological data shous that the prevalence ofmetabolic syndrome in the world is 20-25%. The objective of these research is control to minimize the prognosisof the disease among the SM population that have obesity and type II DM risk factors. The pontryagin minimumprinciple is used to determine the optimal solution of the prognosis model that the optimal control. The solution is derived from the state and co-state state equations that are evaluated of the drug that give to the sufferer in stationary conditions. The performance Index was designed to minimize the number of SM population that suffer obesity and type II diabetes mellitus and the use of sulfonilurea that given as the normoweighted populations and biguanid for obese populations. The simulation of the optional solution shows that the optimal control was derived to control the number SM that have population of the optional solution obesity and type II DM risk with optimal biguanide 500 mg and sulfonilurea 5 mg as much.Keywords : Metabolic Syndrome, Minimum Pontryagin, Obesity, Stability ,Type II Diabetes Mellitus.

Modelling of ensuring slope stability

Analysis and assessment of the slopes stability are an important in geotechnical engineering for all the times. The first and foremost requirement for the modelling and design of slope is to guarantee their safety and reliability during their service life. In analysing the overall stability of the ground, of soil or rock, all relevant modes of failure shall be taken into account. When modelling a slope stability processes, it should be considered: soil layering, occurrence and inclination of discontinuities, seepage and pore-water pressure distribution, shortand long-term stability, type of failure (circular or non-circular surface; toppling; flow), using of numerical methods. The paper deals with the modelling of ensuring slope stability.

MONITORING AND CONTROL OF FINANCIAL STABILITY AND ECONOMIC SECURITY OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES

Introduction. Food businesses are constantly experiencing financial difficulties due to untimely activity results analysis. The financial stability support program is a key objective of the agricultural enterprise. It is possible to ensure its effective functioning through the introduction of an appropriate internal control system. In today's volatile economic environment, only businesses with the proper level of competitiveness and financial sustainability can function productively. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the need and to find ways to implement monitoring and control of financial stability and economic security in the management of agricultural enterprises. Results. The purpose and the most effective means of ensuring Ukraine's food policy in the current economic conditions are determined. The stages of economic monitoring (preparatory stage, research and analysis of the obtained results) are presented. The economic monitoring scheme of financial and economic situation at the enterprise is presented. Possible types of financial condition of agrarian enterprise are described. The interdependence of the financial stability type and the concept of competitive advantages development in food industry enterprises at different stages of their life cycle are presented. The comparative assessment of the existing ways and methods of monitoring financial stability have been shown in the context of conducting an internal analysis of the agricultural enterprises financial stability. The characteristic of financial stability monitoring of agrarian enterprise production on the basis of matrix method is given. The results of the financial sustainability assessment of the enterprise «Kulindorovsky» are presented based on the matrix scheme. The conformity of the integral indicator of the enterprises financial stability type of the food industry in the Odessa region is estimated. The realization directions of the algorithm of internal systematic analysis implementation of agricultural enterprises financial stability are indicated. Conclusions. Analysis of agrarian enterprise financial stability it is advisable to carry out using the matrix algorithm. The proposed methodology will allow to anticipate possible threats to the financial activity of the agricultural enterprise. The results obtained will help to make management decisions aimed at stable activity of the enterprise. Keywords: monitoring, control, analysis, economic security, risk, agricultural enterprise, financial security of agricultural enterprises.