Überlegungen zur Aussprachebewusstheit im Kontext der Fremdsprachenvermittlung

Multilingualism at the European or worldwide level is related to the need for changing the perception of foreign language teaching and learning. As a result, the concept of language awareness has been given a high priority. It implies the reflection on the language elements and their functions – language comparisons on the one hand, and the interdisciplinary sensitivisation for languages with the inclusion of language curiosity, etc. on the other. At the same time, the concept of language awareness plays a significant role in the field of tertiary language didactics, such as teaching German after English. With that in mind, this article presents in-depth reflections about the consciousness of pronunciation aspects and their multidimensional character.

Нариси мовного образу ПРАВЕДНОГО в українських текстах Псалтиря (переклад Івана Огієнка)

This article is a part of a study on the integral linguistic image of God in the Ukrainian translation of the Psalter translated by Ivan Ohienko. The important role of Ohienko’s texts comes from the scientific nature of the translation and the influences in the formation of literary language. The author of the study is interested in the ways and means by which the concept of the RIGHTEOUS – one of the most frequent elements God functions with in text collections – is verbally expressed. Therefore, in this study, attention is focused on an attempt to ethnolinguistically analyse (based on the conception of profiling by J. Bartmiński) of the Ukrainian lingual implementation of such biblical concepts as ‘righteous person’, ‘the main signs of a righteous person associated with God’, and ‘the actions of a righteous person towards a) God, b) sinners’. As a result, it will be possible to trace the richness and diversity of the language image ‘righteous’ created by Ivan Ohienko, by bringing readers closer to the understanding of the ways of linguistic filling of in Old Testament texts with Ukrainian language means.

Авторська кінорецензія: жанрово-структурні та мовні особливості (на прикладі текстів Олександра Ковальчука)

The article is devoted to understanding the modern processes of development of the film review – a journalistic analytics genre. The author raises the issue of the new film review quality in the Ukrainian media space. A variety of analytical texts from cinematophile journalists have been singled out as a separate genre, for which the term “author’s review” has been suggested. The peculiarities of the structural and content organization of the author’s review were highlighted. The article also shows the advantages of modern modification to the film review genre canons, both on structural and language levels, on the example of film reviews by critic Oleksandr Kovalchuk.

Verbes français préfixés en „sur-” et leurs équivalents lexicographiques polonais

The present paper belongs to the stream of the verbal prefixation contrastive studies. It aims at conducting a short investigation of French verbs prefixed by sur- and their Polish equivalents found in the “Great French-Polish Dictionary”. In the first part, selected theoretical approaches concerning the French prefix sur- are presented, with particular attention to the semantic-based theories by Danny Amiot and Kristel Van Goethem. The second part focuses on the results of the contrastive French-Polish analysis of 48 verbs distributed into 9 semantic categories: excess, intensity, repetition, posteriority, simultaneity, spatial superiority, hierarchical superiority, notional uses, and lexicalized uses. The goal is to show what linguistic means (grammatical and/or lexical) the Polish language utilizes to express different semantic values conveyed by the French prefix sur- in each of the listed categories. Consequently, the Polish equivalents are divided into several classes, of which the most relevant are: verbs prefixed by prze- and do-, prepositional constructions (with the prepositions na and nad), and periphrastic adverbial constructions.

Эвфемизмы семантического поля секс в русском и польском языках с точки зрения их прямых значений

The aim of this article is to compare the basic meanings of Russian and Polish euphemisms from the semantic field of sex. Eight areas of this field were examined: the terms for the sexual act, the male sex organ, testicles, the female sex organ, buttocks, breasts, and prostitutes. Along with the area of the sexual act, a separate meaning for ‘engaging in a sexual activity’ has been differentiated. The analysis showed that the basic meanings are divided into the same groups in both languages, which allows us to conclude that euphemisms from the semantic field of sex in Russian and Polish are created based on similar cognitive foundations.

Die Präposition „auf” als Verkettungskomponente

The article presents the idea of examining the preposition auf ‘on’ from the generative perspective, in which the preposition is understood as an elementary unit of the mental lexicon (lexical array) without a syntactic category. The unit auf ‘on’ is treated as a phonological segment to which a corresponding syntactic category is assigned in the selected syntactic context. The syntactic processing system ensures the correct assignment through correct decoding from auf ‘on’ by concatenating various grammatical features with different functions and meanings. The article analyses the unit auf ‘on’ in terms of concatenation properties in the syntactic process of sentence generation in German.

The role of inner speech in the speech production process

The article summarizes the current state of understanding of the concept of inner speech and evaluates the role of the internal language in the speech generation process. First, the available definitions of inner speech are presented and its features are briefly characterised. Subsequently, the inner voice is compared to overt speech and the main differences between those two planes of speech: the internal and the external one are outlined. Since the aim of the paper is to show the role of inner speech in overt speech production, a speech generation model which coalesces Levelt‘s (1993) assumptions with the stratifi cational approach to language is presented. Different stages of linguistic processing are described and the impact of internal languaging on linguistic output is discussed. It is claimed that inner speech plays a threefold role in overt speech production: (1) provides an inter-nal draft for external speech, (2) is vital for the self-monitoring system, and (3) supports working memory. Any impairment in the functioning of inner speech may thus lead to speech errors and slips of the tongue phenomena.

„Gesundheit/zdrowie” und „Krankheit/choroba” als kommunikativ semantisierte sprachliche Größen und Elemente des Systems der Kollektivsymbolik in Deutschland und Polen

The article deals with the words Gesundheit/zdrowie and Krankheit/choroba as communicationally semanticized language units, which have been analyzed (among other words) in the framework of a broader study concerning collective symbolism in Germany and Poland. In the context of the current situation that is characterized by the COVID-19 pandemic, both issues appear prominently in communications, so their detailed analysis seems to be particularly interesting. How the semantics of this words is shaped from the perspective of respondents who are asked to characterize their meaning? Moreover, the question comes up if and how such topicalities are reflected in the outcomes (collected, however, just at the beginning of the pandemic), particularly in the semantic profiles. It turns out that an effect manifests itself, but it is only added to existing semantic constellations that have been stable over decades, without modifying them basically.

Różnorodność języka hiszpańskiego. Badania porównawcze na materiale języka hiszpańskiego i jego odmian używanych w krajach Ameryki Łacińskiej

The authors of this article aimed to point out the differences in lexis and grammatical constructions between the varieties of Spanish spoken in Spain and Latin American countries. In order to obtain the most authoritative material the authors used the answers of respondents from six countries: Argentina, Chile, Spain, Colombia, Mexico, and Venezuela. They made this choice because of the mentioned countries’ geographical location as well as the anticipated influence of other languages due to migration processes. This allowed the authors to show a lot of variety in the respondents’ choice of specific words and sentence constructions. The article also discusses the voseo phenomenon, the rioplatense dialect, and phonetic differences between them. They demonstrated the lexical, grammatical, and sociolinguistic differences between the varieties of Spanish.