Masa Kepemimpinan Raden Fatah 1478-1518

Perkembangan Agama Islam di tanah Jawa tidak terlepas dari peranan para wali dan kesultanan-kesultanan Islam pada masa itu. Salah satu kesultanan yang berperan besar dalam penyebaran Agama Islam di Jawa adalah Kesultanan Demak. Kesultanan Demak adalah kesultanan pertama di Pulau Jawa yang sangat berpengaruh bukan hanya dalam menyebarkan agama Islam sampai ke daerah-daerah pedalaman, tetapi Demak juga menjadi tempat transitnya para pedagang Islam yang datang dari timur dan barat, di tangan Demak daerah-daerah yang sebelumya dibawah kekuasaan Hindu-Buddha ditaklukkan lalu di-Islamkan. Namun dibalik itu semua, terdapat seseorang yang sangat berperan besar yaitu Raden Fatah. Raden Fatah adalah pendiri sekaligus penguasa pertama Kesultanan Demak. Di tangan beliau Demak berdiri dan berkembang pesat menyaingi kerajaan-kerajaan lain pada masa itu. Berbagai macam cara diterapkan Raden Fatah untuk terus mengembangkan Demak. Selama 40 tahun beliau mengabdikan diri untuk Demak, lalu setelah beliau wafat perannya itu digantikan oleh anaknya.The development of Islam in Java was inseparable from the role of the Wali and Islamic Sultanates at that time. One of the sultanates that played a major role in the spread of Islam in Java was the Demak Sultanate. The sultanate of Demak was the first sultanate on the island of Java which was very influential not only in spreading Islam to the interior areas,but Demak was also a transit point for Islamic traders who came from east and west. It was in the hands of Demak that the areas that had previously been under Hindu-Buddhist rule were conquered and then converted to Islam. But behind all that, there is someone who plays a big role, namely Raden Fatah. Raden Fatah is the founder and first ruler of the Sultanate of Demak in his hands Demak stood and grew rapidly to rival other kingdoms at that time. Raden Fatah applied various kinds of efforts to continue to develop Demak. For 40 years, he devoted himself to Demak, then after he died his role was replaced by his son.

BANGUNAN KEAGAMAAN HINDU-BUDDHA MENURUT URAIAN KAKAWIN NAGARAKRTAGAMA

During the Majapahit era, the Nagarakrtagama book in the form of kakawin (Old Javanese poetry) was composed by Mpu Prapanca, the kakawin was completed in 1365 AD. no longer exist because it collapsed or the location is not yet known. Using an archaeological-historical approach, this study discusses several sacred buildings mentioned in the Nagarakrtagama whose existence can still be known archaeologically. The analysis was carried out by combining the written data from Nagarakrtagama with archaeological data in the form of temples on the site, to then review some of the features of the temple building. Through the analysis carried out, it can be seen that during the Majapahit era there were at least 3 types of religious buildings based on their religious background, namely Hindu-saiwa, Bauddha, and Shiva-Buddha. The most sacred buildings erected are Hindu-saiwa, it seems that in general, the Majapahit population embraces this religion. There is also a two-religious temple, namely Shiva-Buddha and a pendharmaan temple building that was erected to glorify a deceased figure, while a rare Bauddha sacred building is found in Majapahit. It seems that Buddhism did develop on a limited basis at that time.Key words: Majapahit, Hinduism, Buddha, temple, Mahameru, gods

Perjuangan PGRI Dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Guru di Era Reformasi (1999-2003) (Studi Kasus PGRI DKI Jakarta dan Depok)

Terbentuknya organisasi Persatuan Guru Republik Indonesia adalah hasil dari perjuangan guru-guru Indonesia. Dilihat dari perjalan sejarahnya, perjuangan kaum Guru telah dimulai dari masa Hindia Belanda. PGRI merupakan suatu wadah tempat berhimpunnya para guru-guru dan tenaga kependidikan sebagai organisasi profesi, perjuangan dan ketenagakerjaan yang selalu memperjuangkan kesejahteraan guru, memberikan perlindungan terhadap guru, dan meningkatkan sumber daya manusia guru. Sebagai wadah persatuan guru, PGRI diharapkan salah satu tujuannya sebagai alat perjuangan dalam menuntut kesejahteraan guru yang masih menjadi PR besar dari PGRI di seluruh cabang di Indonesia. Dengan adanya undang - undang sistem pendidikan nasional dan undang – undang guru dan dosen setidaknya semakin menguatkan peran organisasi ini dari mulai tingkat nasional, propinsi, kabupaten, dan kecamatan. Dengan jaringannya yang begitu luas dan banyak, menjadikan organisasi PGRI mengakar di Indonesia. Perjuangan PGRI dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan guru diteliti lebih lanjut khususnya studi kasus PGRI DKI Jakarta dan Depok dengan menggunakan metode sejarah. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa PGRI di era reformasi khususnya mengenai peningkatan kesejahteraan guru terus diperjuangkan walaupun di awal masa ini belum terlihat hasil yang signifikan tetapi lambat laun secara perlahan akhirnya pemerintah memenuhi tuntutan PGRI tersebut.

The Wahid Institute dan Pluralisme di Indonesia (2004-2008)

This study discusses the birth and development of The Wahid Institute from 2004 to 2008. The method used in this study is the historical method and the presentation of research results is carried out in the form of descriptive narrative. The results of this thesis study explained that the birth of The Wahid Institute in 2004 was inseparable from Abdurrahman Wahid, Zannuba Ariffah Chafsoh Wahid, Greg Barton, and Ahmad Suaedy who were the initiators of The Wahid Institute. Then there are the founding factors of The Wahid Institute such as social and religious conditions in the post-New Order era, because they were released from the New Order era. because of differences in views, beliefs, culture, and ethnicity. This is due to the lack of pluralism in society, so The Wahid Institute was designed by the initiators to fight for pluralism as expected by Gus Dur.

Sejarah Pemikiran Ekonomi Islam Pada Masa Daulah Bani Umayyah dan Bani Abbasiyah

This article is the result of an analysis of economic history in the past which is to answer economic problems during the Umayyad and Abasiyyah Daulah,economic activities carried out during the Daulah Bani Umayyah and BaniAbasiyyah. This research uses the Historical Method by using secondarysources originating from December. which literature has been previouslyreviewed and analyzed. While in the approach the writer uses a historicalapproach. This approach is used by the author in order to reveal the economicproblems of the Umayyad and Abasiyyah Bani. From the research results, itcan be seen that the development of Islamic economics in the Umayyad andAbbasid dynasties was an economic policy formed based on the ijtihad of thefuqoha and ulama as a consequence of the increasingly distant time spanbetween the Prophet's life and the reign. The abbasiyah caliph or the dynasty ofthe children of the abbot, as said to continue the rule of the Umayyad dynasty.His power lasted a long time. During the Abbasiyah dynasty in power wherethe patterns of government applied varied according to political, social andcultural changes. Keywords: Economy, Caliph, Islam

Meninjau Praktik Kebijakan Tanam Paksa di Hindia Belanda 1830-1870

This research discusses the practice of forced cultivation in the Dutch East Indies in the period 1830 to 1870. The method used in this research is the historicalmethod and its presentation in the form of a narrative description. The results ofthis study explain that the practice of forced cultivation in the Dutch East Indieshad a very large influence on the Netherlands and the people of the NetherlandsIndies. The system of forced cultivation changed the role of the colonialgovernment and native rulers, changed the social conditions of rural communitiesby giving birth to the concept of communal land and the introduction of the moneyeconomy system in the countryside. The forced cultivation system also succeededin filling the empty treasury of the Netherlands, but on the one hand it causedsuffering for the people of the Dutch East Indies. The famine caused byexploitation of land and human resources is a consequence of the implementationof the forced cultivation policy. The other side of the implementation of the forcedcultivation policy was the entry and introduction of export commodity crops to thepeople of the Dutch East Indies. Keyword: forced cultivation, colonial government, people, farmersAbstrak

Sejarah Gerakan Politik Pemuda di Jakarta Sekitar Proklamasi

The history of the Indonesian youth political movement in 1928 not only inherited national politics with the ties of "imagine of Indonesia" as a homeland, nation and language, namely Indonesia. But it also gave birth to the view that youth is the core of change. This view became the belief of Indonesian youth in the 1940s to be involved in the revolutionary wave of "imagine of Indonesia" in a more critical and progressive manner in political actions. This paper aims to explain youth activism in Jakarta around a more advanced proclamation, accelerating from national politics to populist politics. There were two strongest youth node organizations in Jakarta at that time, Asrama Menteng Raya 31 and Prapatan 10. Both of them brought together young people from different ethnic and national backgrounds. But the youth political movement in the 1940s had a more populist political tone with its political activities carrying out political education work in order to mobilize people's awareness of the struggle for independence. Then the youth in Jakarta formed an organizational node called the Angkatan Pemuda Indonesia (API), which contributed to the historical events of the grand meeting at Ikada Square on September 19, 1945. Where Sukarno spoke as President of Indonesia for the first time in front of a mass mobilized by youth after the reading of the proclamation on August 17, 1945.

Mayor Daan Mogot (1928-1946) Peran dan Perjuangannya

This study aims to determine the biographical study of the figure of Mayor Daan Mogot in Tangerang. Daan Mogot's biographical study approach is veryinteresting to research, because he was a very important figure during theIndonesian independence revolution in the Tangerang area. The researchmethodology uses a qualitative approach by collecting data sources relevant tothe discussion. The results of research on the role and struggle of Major DaanMogot include starting his career as a Map Army, BKR, TKR-TRI and becomingthe director of the Tangerang Military Academy. Major Daan Mogot's struggleneeds to be a good example for today's young generation. So that his heroic valuescan be an inspiration for the people of Tangerang in particular and in general theIndonesian people.Keywords: Biography, Daan Mogot, His Struggle

Pemanfaatan Situs Sejarah Buddhisme di Palembang sebagai Suplemen Materi Pembelajaran Sejarah

Wilayah Palembang dikenal kental dengan nuansa agama Buddha, karena di wilayah tersebut pernah berkuasa Kerajaan Sriwijaya. Oleh karena itu, menarik untuk dikaji lebih lanjut terkait dengan situs-situs Buddhisme yang ada di Palembang, terutama pada masa Kerajaan Sriwijaya yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai suplemen pembelajaran sejarah. Sehingga, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan situs-situs sejarah Buddhisme yang ada di Palembang sebagai suplemen pembelajaran sejarah di kelas X SMA. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian sejarah dengan empat langkahnya ialah heuristis, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 12 peninggalan situs Buddhisme yang ada di Palembang, yang terdiri dari masa sebelum Kerajaan Sriwijaya dengan adanya peninggalan-peninggalan di kawasan Bukit Siguntang pada abad ke 6 dan masa Kerajaan Sriwijaya berkuasa mulai abad ke 7. Hal ini dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai suplemen materi pembelajaran sejarah di kelas X SMA.