ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN INCONSISTENCIES IN THE FIELD ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND RATIONAL USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES

Environmental auditing is one of the ways to reduce the negative impact on our environment. The publication describes the procedure for conducting an environmental audit. The authors pay special attention to the analysis of the main resources, analyzed over the long-term practice of environmental audits, by the employees of the department of environmental certification and audit of RUE “Bel NIC” Ecology “.

IMMUNOLOGICAL FEATURES IN CHILDREN WITH HEMORRHAGIC VASCULITIS

Currently the incidence of hemorrhagic vasculitis in children is characterized by an increase in all age groups what may be associated with environmental problems, chronic infection as well as food and drugs allergy. To date there are no biomarkers predicting the further development of hemorrhagic exanthema at the onset of the disease and followed its outcome. The quantitative and functional features of cellular and humoral immunity in children with hemorrhagic vasculitis of various origins accompanied by hemorrhagic exanthema at the onset of the disease are presented in this article. The reduction of γδТ-cells number in the peripheral blood correlated with levels of specific antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies and IgG EBNA-1 antibodies against a high ability of γδТ-cells to activation were established in children with systemic (immunocomplex) vasculitis. At the contrast, the background of a normal γδT-lymphocytes’ content was associated with the decrease in γδТ-cells activation capacity in children with hemorrhagic vasculitis of infectious-allergic genesis. Thus, quantitative and functional changes in γδТ-lymphocytes can be a potential labor biomarker for early diagnosis of systemic or infectious-allergic hemorrhagic vasculitis in children what may be used for the further disease course prediction.

ECOLOGICAL SECURITY IN RISK SOCIETY

The current situation in the risk society characterised by the new realities (from the global climate change to the pandemic penetration of a new virus in the human body) has brought to light the need to turn to a new paradigm of posthumanism, i.e. supplementing the unequivocal optimistic orientation on sustainable development with a more pessimistic, but also more topical and realistic, survival strategy aligned with extreme ethics, a new for ecological security in risk society.

THE FIRST INVESTIGATONS OF CYANOTOXINS PRESENCE IN WATERBODIES AND WATERCOURCES OF BELARUS

The estimation of species composition, abundance and biomass of cyanobacteria in “bloom” as well as the search for toxic species has been undertaken for the first time in 20 water bodies and water courses of Belarus mainly used for public recreation. There were identified 50 representatives of cyanobacteria assigned to 18 genera, among them three species were marked for the first time for the Belarus: Snowella atomus Komárek et Hindák., Anabaenopsis arnoldii Aptekar, Anabaenopsis kelifii Kog. By combining molecular-biological and analytical methods and by using genetic markers when studying toxic «water blooms» the search of genes responsible for synthesis of hepatotoxic microcystin, nodularin, cylindrospermosin and neurotoxic saxitoxin was undertaken. It has been shown that in all the investigated lakes and rivers there were cyanobacterium relating to Anabaena and Microcystis genera that can synthesize highly toxic microcystins – LR, RR, YR. Saxitoxin synthesis genes and close to it variants of paralytic toxins such as goniatoksins 5, 6, dekarbamoilgoniatoksin 2, dekarbamoilsaksitoksin and neosaksitoksin were found in 7 waterbodies.

АККУМУЛЯЦИЯ 137Cs ЛИШАЙНИКОМ HYPOGYMNIA PHYSODES (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ГОМЕЛЬСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ)

The paper presents the results of determining the 137Cs content in the biomass of the lichen Hypogymnia physodes, which growing in pine forests on the territory of the Gomel region with various levels of radioactive contamination.The research was carried out both in conditionally clean and radioactively contaminated areas with 137Cs soil contamination density from 37 to 1488 kBq m-2. The high accumulating capacity of the lichen Hypogymnia physodes in relation to 137Cs was shown, as well as an increase in the concentration of the radionuclide in the lichens biomass with an increase in the density of soil contamination. Differences in 137Cs accumulation by the lichen Hypogymnia physodes, growing in uneven-aged pine stands, were noted. The lowest concentrations of 137Cs were noted in the samples growing in mature pine forests, while thalli sampled from young pine stands contain significant amounts of the radionuclide.

HEMATOLOGICAL INTEGRATED INDICATORS IN ASSESSING THE CELLULAR REACTIVITY OF THE BODY IN COVID-19 CORONAVIRUS INFECTION

The article analyzes the disorders in homeostasis diagnosed during the development of acute viral infection SARS-CoV-2 in patients. Hematological changes in patients with coronavirus infection were characterized by the development of disintegration of humoral mechanisms of regulation with the initiation of a systemic inflammatory reaction with an increase in the leukocyte index of intoxication, activation of necrobiotic processes, an increase in the activity of macrophage-microphage nonspecific protection with a predominance of effector links of the immunological process. The development of immunocompromise in patients with a new strain of coronavirus infection is one of the determining factors in the course of the disease.

POWER LINE CORRIDORS IN PINE FORESTS AS HABITATS FOR GROUND BEETLES (COLEOPTERA, CARABIDAE) IN THE BELARUSIAN POOZERIE

For the first time in the Belarusian Lake District, the influence of regular tree felling in pine forests under power lines on the biodiversity of ground beetles has been studied. On the power line corridor species richness, number of individuals, and the diversity of ground beetles were highest in comparison with the adjacent forests (Pinetum vacciniosum and Pinetum myrtillosum). In addition, species composition and group of dominants composition were different. Among dominant species there are inhabitants of open spaces Poecilus versicolor and Calathus erratus. The assemblages of ground beetles of the power line corridor were the most differed from Pinetum vacciniosum. Regression analysis (GLM) showed a negative influence of the height of the herb-dwarf shrub layer on the number of individuals of ground beetles. Shrub cover positive affected carabid diversity, whereas soil moisture had a negative effect.

RESULTS OF INVESTIGATION OF RADIONUCLIDES CONTENT IN DRINKING WATER IN THE OBSERVATION ZONE OF THE BELARUSIAN NPP

This article presents the results of studies of the content of natural (228Ra, 226Ra, 232Th, 40K, 210Po, 210Pb, 238U) and technogenic (137Cs, 90Sr) radionuclides in drinking water from centralized (wells) and decentralized (wells) water supply sources in the observation area of the Belarusian NPP, performed from 2016 to 2020 within the framework of radiation and hygienic monitoring at the stage of construction of the Belarusian NPP.

BEST AVAILABLE TECHNIQUES FOR THE WASTE WATER TREATMENT

The necessity of the implementation of the Best available Techniques by nature users determined In the environmental legislation of the Republic of Belarus. The article provides general information on the best available techniques (BAT) and the reasons for their implementation in the Republic of Belarus. Trends in the flow of pollutants as part of waste water into surface water bodies of the country have been analyzed in the context of the main pollutants and types of economic activities of enterprises that discharge the pollutants. Priority factors have been determined when choosing a wastewater treatment technology and a treatment method within the framework of the selected technology.

STUDY OF THE CONTENT OF CERTAIN HEAVY METALS IN THE SOFT TISSUE OF THE (VIVIPARUS VIVIPARUS L.) THAT INHABITATES THE RIVER OF SOZH IN GOMEL

The soft tissues of molluscs are the components that make it possible to establish the degree of influence of the urban agglomeration on the pollution of the components of the aquatic ecosystem, which do not have a visible anthropogenic load, with compounds of heavy metals. The content of the heavy metals under investigations (except for nickel) decreased in comparison with the data obtained in 2002, which indicates a decrease in anthropogenic load on the aquatic ecosystems of the Sozh. The high content of copper, cobalt and nickel before the city’s wastewater is received confirms the influx of pollutants with the surface runoff of agro-residential areas and settlements located upstream of the city along the river. Unidirectional decrease in copper concentration downstream of the Sozh testifies to the course of ecosystem self-cleaning processes. Confirmation of these processes is a significant decrease in the content of lead and chromium in the area outside the city, in comparison with the section of the river within the city limits. The abnormally high concentration of lead and chromium in the soft tissues of Viviparus viviparus L. in the river section within the city limits, nickel and cobalt below the city limits, indicates the flow of metals into the river with the surface runoff of the city. The high level of metal content in the old complex shows the need to conduct a study on the content of pollutants in aquatic ecosystems that do not have a visible anthropogenic load, but are used by the population for recreational purposes.