An Overview of Harmful Effects of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

PCOS, a hormone imbalance that causes infertility, obesity etc. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most frequent endocrinopathy among women of reproductive age. It is the most common female endocrine disorder with prevalence rates ranging from 4% to 18%. There are many associated condition with PCOS like obesity, many types of cancer, infertility, cardiac diseases etc. It is confirm that women who have this syndrome are at risk more than other women. The treatment of PCOS is determined by whether a woman wishes to become pregnant or not. If pregnancy is not a goal, then weight loss, oral contraceptives, and the diabetes medication. It should also include all metabolic effects and potential problems. More study and knowledge of the biology of PCOS will lead to better treatment outcomes and patient management.

A Rare Case of Quadruple Negative GIST with an Unusual Presentation in a Young Female

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are an uncommon malignancy, with origin in the interstitial cells of Cajal located in the myenteric plexus. The incidence is 5000 new cases every year in the US. It is important to determine genetic alterations in GIST. Approximately 90% of GISTs have a gain of function mutation in either the c-KIT protooncogene (which encodes for the receptor tyrosine kinase KIT) accounting for 75%, or the platelet derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) protooncogene which accounts for 15%. Only 5-10% constitute Wild Type (WT) GISTs with mutations observed in BRAF, NF1, & SDH. While Imatinib, a Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI), is used as adjuvant therapy for most KIT-positive tumors, it cannot be used in TKI-resistant tumors that harbor alternative genetic mutations. We present a rare case of quadruple negative (negative for all aforementioned genes) GIST with a mutation identified as ETV6-NTRK3 fusion. This mutation was first described in a case of rectal quadruple negative WT GIST.

Peronea Magna Artery Challenging Proximal Fibula Resection of Ewing’s Sarcoma, Report of a Case

Surgical resection of the fibula is commonly done for either to obtain structural bone graft or to respect the fibula if involved by bone tumor. The vascular anatomy around the popliteal fossa is complex and has to be studied prior to any attempt of surgical resection. We present a case of 11 years old female patient who was diagnosed as a Ewing’s sarcoma of the fibula and her pre-operative CT angiography showed a vascular anomaly of Peronea magna artery. Following adjuvant chemotherapy, the patient was treated by wide local resection and the surgical procedure has to be modified in order to save the dominant peroneal artery the vascularity of the limb.

A Review of Disparities in Oncology Care for Patients with Limited Access and Minorities, in an Oncology Setting, an Unmet Need for this Group of Patients to Experimental Therapies

It is expected that half of the population in the US by 2045 are expected to be non Hispanic white, per US census Bureau projections.

Management of Medulloblastoma Metastases: Algerian Experience

This work is based on the study of patients treated for medulloblastoma metastasis at diagnosis between January 2006 and December 2015 in the neurosurgery department of the Ait IDDIR Health Hospital Establishment. Our series consisted of 16 patients, 11 men and 5 women; the median age was 16.9 years. The baseline, presentation of symptoms and signs, imaging results (MRI), surgical results and clinical results were recorded. The clinical manifestation was revealed by intracranial hypertension syndrome (100%), associated with cerebellar syndrome (80%). The localization was in Intra-nevraxics: (81.25%) and in Extra-nevraxics (18.75%). 68.75% of patients underwent total surgical excision and 31.25% underwent subtotal surgical excision. The presence of malignant cells in the CSF is marked in 56.25%. The pathological study revealed that 62.5% of cases had a classic variant and 37.5% a desmoplastic variant. 30% of the cases were classified as “standard risk” and 70% as “high risk”. The surgery was supplemented by radiotherapy of the entire neuraxis using the “movable junctions” technique in all cases. The average delay was 70 days. Adjuvant chemotherapy was performed in 9 cases. The long-term survival rate after metastasis varies between 06 months to 24 months, only 04 cases (25%) are still alive. The management of medulloblastoma must be multidisciplinary involving neurosurgeons and radiotherapist oncologists. This collaboration is the only guarantee of an improvement in his prognosis

Hind-Foot Synovial Sarcoma Treated With Wide Resection and Sural Fasciocutaneous Flap – A Case Report

Synovial sarcoma comprises about 5% to 10% of soft tissue sarcomas. Initial growth is often slow and a small circumscribed tumour may misleadingly appear to a benign lesion by clinical examination and imaging, occurring in up to 50% of cases. The modalities of treatment of foot malignant conditions depend on histological diagnosis and staging. A radical surgical procedure in the distal region of the lower limb is often difficult due to a limited soft-tissue situation and can result in soft-tissue defects. Plastic surgical techniques remain particularly indispensable in the treatment of such distal tumors. Authors present a hindfoot synovial sarcoma, diagnosed with a incisional biopsy, in which a wide margin surgery was achieved and a limb salvage was permitted by a sural fasciocutaneous flap.

Cordoid Meningioma A Case Report

Introduction: Meningiomas are tumors of the central nervous system derived from the arachnoid layer of cells, represent less than 3% of all primary intracranial tumors in children, are prevalent in adolescents, and are rare in younger ages. Pediatric cases represent approximately 1.5% of all intracranial meningiomas, and very few cases show aggressive histology. The WHO classification meningioma divided into three grades: Grade I benign; II, atypical; and III, anaplastic / malignant. Chordoid meningioma grade II / atypical meningioma is a rare subtype, which represents only 0.5% of all meningiomas, have high growth rates, higher recurrence and greater possibilities to invade the brain parenchyma compared with meningiomas benign. One possible explanation for the high recurrence rate may be related to the quality mucoid stroma, which facilitates extension of tumor and makes it difficult to achieve a complete resection, which leads to subsequent recurrence. Case Report: We report the case of male patient 4 years of age diagnosed with meningioma Grade II, with clinic 2 months of evolution who presented progressive neurological deterioration, tumoral exeresis was performed in 3 opportunities and placement system ventriculo peritoneal in the course of 1 month and radiotherapy. Comments: Accurate diagnosis, therefore, assumes importance because these tumors have an aggressive clinical course and high probability of recurrence so knowing the pathological Clinical Aspects of this rare neoplasm is essential for the Treatment and Comprehensive monitoring.

Multi-Institutional Case Studies of Surface Guided Radiotherapy in USA and Germany

AlignRT® is a form of Surface Guided Radiotherapy (SGRT). Its use has recently been increased in various parts of the world. The aim of this study is to find out the current status of Surface Guided Radiotherapy especially AlignRT® in Proton therapy treatment and identify challenges and benefits associated with the application of Align RT from point of view of Radiation oncology professionals. A survey was created to assess clinical, technical, organizational and Educational strategies and resources employed to provide Surface Guided RT mainly AlignRT® based Proton therapy treatment in the responders’ Radiation Oncology centres . Another objective of the study is to discover if AlignRT® can completely replace IGRT. Survey was sent to four Radiation oncology professionals in USA and Germany. This has led to four case studies. The responses provide understanding of the current AlignRT® practices and though these responses are important they should not be considered to be representative of radiation oncology as a whole. The study was conducted in 2020.