Put an End to Obesity Stigma, International Panel Urges

JAMA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 323 (15) ◽  
pp. 1435
Author(s):  
Bridget M. Kuehn
Keyword(s):  
Obesity Stigma ◽  
International Panel

Updating long-held assumptions about fat stigma: For women, body shape plays a critical role

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaimie Krems ◽  
Steven L. Neuberg
Keyword(s):  
Body Shape ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
The Body ◽  
Theoretical Assumption ◽  
Obesity Stigma ◽  
Obese Female ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Female Bodies ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Fat Stigma

Heavier bodies—particularly female bodies—are stigmatized. Such fat stigma is pervasive, painful to experience, and may even facilitate weight gain, thereby perpetuating the obesity-stigma cycle. Leveraging research on functionally distinct forms of fat (deposited on different parts of the body), we propose that body shape plays an important but largely underappreciated role in fat stigma, above and beyond fat amount. Across three samples varying in participant ethnicity (White and Black Americans) and nation (U.S., India), patterns of fat stigma reveal that, as hypothesized, participants differently stigmatized equally-overweight or -obese female targets as a function of target shape, sometimes even more strongly stigmatizing targets with less rather than more body mass. Such findings suggest value in updating our understanding of fat stigma to include body shape and in querying a predominating, but often implicit, theoretical assumption that people simply view all fat as bad (and more fat as worse).

scholarly journals Management of acute ischemic stroke in patients with COVID-19 infection: Report of an international panel

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 540-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan I Qureshi ◽  
Foad Abd-Allah ◽  
Fahmi Al-Senani ◽  
Emrah Aytac ◽  
Afshin Borhani-Haghighi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Intravenous Thrombolysis ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
World Health ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
International Panel ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Tract Infections

Background and purpose On 11 March 2020, World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 infection a pandemic. The risk of ischemic stroke may be higher in patients with COVID-19 infection similar to those with other respiratory tract infections. We present a comprehensive set of practice implications in a single document for clinicians caring for adult patients with acute ischemic stroke with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 infection. Methods The practice implications were prepared after review of data to reach the consensus among stroke experts from 18 countries. The writers used systematic literature reviews, reference to previously published stroke guidelines, personal files, and expert opinion to summarize existing evidence, indicate gaps in current knowledge, and when appropriate, formulate practice implications. All members of the writing group had opportunities to comment in writing on the practice implications and approved the final version of this document. Results This document with consensus is divided into 18 sections. A total of 41 conclusions and practice implications have been developed. The document includes practice implications for evaluation of stroke patients with caution for stroke team members to avoid COVID-19 exposure, during clinical evaluation and performance of imaging and laboratory procedures with special considerations of intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy in stroke patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection. Conclusions These practice implications with consensus based on the currently available evidence aim to guide clinicians caring for adult patients with acute ischemic stroke who are suspected of, or confirmed, with COVID-19 infection. Under certain circumstances, however, only limited evidence is available to support these practice implications, suggesting an urgent need for establishing procedures for the management of stroke patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection.

scholarly journals IMG-09. RESPONSE ASSESSMENT IN DIFFUSE INTRINSIC PONTINE GLIOMA (DIPG): RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE RESPONSE ASSESSMENT IN PEDIATRIC NEURO-ONCOLOGY COMMITTEE

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii356-iii357
Author(s):  
Tabitha Cooney ◽  
Kenneth J Cohen ◽  
Carolina V Guimaraes ◽  
Girish Dhall ◽  
James Leach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Response Duration ◽  
Response Assessment ◽  
Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma ◽  
Pontine Glioma ◽  
Response Data ◽  
International Panel ◽  
Children And Young Adults ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Abstract Optimizing the conduct of clinical trials for diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) involves use of consistent, objective disease assessments and standardized response criteria. The Response Assessment in Pediatric Neuro-Oncology (RAPNO) committee, an international panel of pediatric and adult neuro-oncologists, clinicians, radiologists, radiation oncologists, and neurosurgeons, was established to address unique challenges in assessing response in children with CNS tumors. A subcommittee of RAPNO was formed to specifically address response assessment in children and young adults with DIPG and to develop a consensus on recommendations for response assessment. Distinct issues related to the response assessment of DIPG include its definition and recent molecular classifications, dearth of imaging response data, the phenomena of pseudoprogression, and measuring response in the era of focal drug delivery. The committee has recommended response be assessed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain and spine, neurologic examination, and use of supportive medication, i.e. steroids and anti-angiogenic agents. Clinical imaging standards and imaging quality control are defined. Unique recommendations for DIPG response include an eight-week response duration, a twenty-five percent decrease for partial response, and the distinction of pontine and extra-pontine response for trials that use focal drug delivery. The recommendations presented here represent an initial effort to uniformly collect and evaluate response assessment criteria; these recommendations can now be incorporated into clinical trials to assess feasibility and corroboration with patient outcomes.

An International Perspective on Child Day-Care Health

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 1085-1087
Author(s):  
Patrick Olin MD, PhD ◽  
B. N. Tandon ◽  
Julius S. Meme ◽  
E. Lee Ford-Jones ◽  
Mark Belsey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Community Organizations ◽  
International Labor Organization ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
International Panel ◽  
The World ◽  
Education And Development

If we are committed to the health and development of children, we need to recognize that the vast majority of the world's women are working women. In Africa, 80% of the women are actively engaged in economic activities outside the home. The "economic miracle" in Southeast Asia was made possible by the nimble fingers of thousands of women working in textile and electronics factories. There is need for pre-day-care advocacy for infants, through promotion of breast feeding and maternity leave. When the mother returns to work, the standard of the International Labor Organization should be applied, namely "...the care of children while the parents are working cannot be ignored because it forms a focal point on which three main concerns of development policy—work, health, and education—converge." Several principles emerged from the presentations in the international panel: 1. Child-care programs must be community based, using the resources of the families and the community organizations themselves. 2. Programs require the active involvement of the communities, women's groups, and other partners. 3. Programs are modified by innovations created by community organizations, universities, and other groups. 4. Programs require the mobilization of trained young men and women into the field of early childhood education and development. This international panel provided an overall uniting theme, that throughout the world the hope for the survival and better life for children unites parents of every country and every creed. This is one of the most powerful and strongest motivational resources in the world. We need to recognize the power of this hope and address that hope, providing with a certain degree of humility that there exist no single model, and no single country has all the answers. By respecting the ideas of the many innovations and different approaches of women, parents, and families, we can find the answers. There is a clear need for national networks as well as for international networks, exchanges of information, sharing of experience, and mobilization of the social resources in advocating early childhood education and development for the world's children.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document