Associations of Menstrual Cycle Characteristics Across the Reproductive Life Span and Lifestyle Factors With Risk of Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract The field of critical menstruation studies is burgeoning. And so this Handbook arrives just in time to capture a robust and carefully curated view of where we are now and where we might go next. But it is 2020, and menstruation is as old as humanity itself. Why is this the first handbook to bring together this body of knowledge? To state the obvious, menstruation and more broadly, the menstrual cycle are often dismissed and derided. The same goes for menopause, at the further end of the reproductive life span.

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Reproductive Uncertainty and the Evolution of Iteroparity: Why Don't Flatfish Put All Their Eggs in One Basket?

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/f81-130 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 38 (8) ◽

pp. 968-977 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Derek A. Roff

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Success ◽

Life Span ◽

Intrinsic Rate ◽

Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Age Of Maturity ◽

Reproductive Life ◽

Reproductive Life Span ◽

Engraulis Ringens ◽

Using Data

Murphy's hypothesis that variation in reproductive life span is an adaptive response to variation in the predictability of reproductive success is examined. Murphy's contention that this hypothesis explains the variation in reproductive life span within the clupeids is reexamined incorporating further data on the Peruvian anchovy (Engraulis ringens). A nonsignificant correlation is now obtained between reproductive life span and brood strength variation; thus, the hypothesis is called into question. An alternative explanation is presented that considers the interaction between life history parameters: because it is necessary for the intrinsic rate of increase to exceed zero, variation in one parameter must be associated with variation in at least one other parameter. In the clupeids it is noted that the age of maturity and reproductive life span vary in concert and it is suggested that this provides an explanation of variation in reproductive life span. These two hypotheses are examined using data on the family Pleuronectidae, the flatfish. No correlation exists between reproductive life span and the degree of fluctuation in brood strength but there is a significant correlation between reproductive life span and age of maturity. It is concluded that variation in reproductive life span within the flatfish group is not a response to variation in reproductive success but rather a correlate of variation in age of maturity.Key words: flatfish, Pleuronectidae, iteroparity, natural selection, reproduction, clupeids

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Differing Contributions of Classical Risk Factors to Type 2 Diabetes in Multi-Ethnic Malaysian Populations

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph15122813 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (12) ◽

pp. 2813

Author(s):

Noraidatulakma Abdullah ◽

Nor Abdul Murad ◽

John Attia ◽

Christopher Oldmeadow ◽

Mohd Kamaruddin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Family History ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Lifestyle Factors ◽

Predictive Utility ◽

Family History Of Diabetes ◽

History Of

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is escalating rapidly in Asian countries, with the rapid increase likely attributable to a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors. Recent research suggests that common genetic risk variants contribute minimally to the rapidly rising prevalence. Rather, recent changes in dietary patterns and physical activity may be more important. This nested case-control study assessed the association and predictive utility of type 2 diabetes lifestyle risk factors in participants from Malaysia, an understudied Asian population with comparatively high disease prevalence. The study sample comprised 4077 participants from The Malaysian Cohort project and included sub-samples from the three major ancestral groups: Malay (n = 1323), Chinese (n = 1344) and Indian (n = 1410). Association of lifestyle factors with type 2 diabetes was assessed within and across ancestral groups using logistic regression. Predictive utility was quantified and compared between groups using the Area Under the Receiver-Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC). In predictive models including age, gender, waist-to-hip ratio, physical activity, location, family history of diabetes and average sleep duration, the AUC ranged from 0.76 to 0.85 across groups and was significantly higher in Chinese than Malays or Indians, likely reflecting anthropometric differences. This study suggests that obesity, advancing age, a family history of diabetes and living in a rural area are important drivers of the escalating prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Malaysia.

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Environmental/lifestyle factors in the pathogenesis and prevention of type 2 diabetes

BMC Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12916-017-0901-x ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 99

Author(s):

Hubert Kolb ◽

Stephan Martin

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Lifestyle Factors

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Distinct Relevance of Nightly Sleep Duration to Metabolic, Anthropometric, and Lifestyle Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Internal Medicine ◽

10.2169/internalmedicine.5078-20 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hitomi Nakayama ◽

Yasushi Yamada ◽

Kentaro Yamada ◽

Shimpei Iwata ◽

Nobuhiko Wada ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Lifestyle Factors

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Concept of Granthi with reference to uterine fibroid: An Ayurveda review

National Journal of Research in Ayurved Science ◽

10.52482/ayurlog.v9i02.840 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (02) ◽

Author(s):

Jaya Umate ◽

Soudamini Chaudhari

Keyword(s):

Life Span ◽

Uterine Fibroid ◽

Uterine Fibroids ◽

Modern Science ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Significant Morbidity ◽

Reproductive Life ◽

Reproductive Life Span ◽

Gynecological Disease ◽

Reproductive Age Group

Uterine fibroids are the commonest benign tumor of the uterus and also the commonest benign solid tumor in the female. It can cause significant morbidity in women of a reproductive life span. The exact cause of uterine fibroid is unknown. Prevalence of uterine fibroid 5 -20 % of women in the reproductive age group. It can cause significant morbidity in women of a reproductive life span. Not all fibroids cause symptoms. 50% of women are asymptomatic. Fibroids mainly cause symptoms like menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea and cause pressure symptoms on adjacent viscera i. e. bladder, uterus, rectum which affects the everyday activities of women. In Ayurveda all gynecological disease explained under the term yonivyapad. It can be explained as the anatomical and functional abnormalities of the female reproductive system. In Ayurveda granthi can be correlated with the uterine fibroid. In modern science uterine fibroid treats medically, surgically. But it is challenging to establish a satisfactory conservatory medical treatment to date. so in Ayurveda the main purpose is the management of granthi by samprapti vighatan by use of medicine.

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PohnB6F1: A Cross of Wild and Domestic Mice That Is a New Model of Extended Female Reproductive Life Span

The Journals of Gerontology Series A ◽

10.1093/gerona/62.11.1187 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 62 (11) ◽

pp. 1187-1198 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

K. Flurkey ◽

Y. Brandvain ◽

S. Klebanov ◽

S. N. Austad ◽

R. A. Miller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Span ◽

New Model ◽

Reproductive Life ◽

Reproductive Life Span

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Sex differences in metabolic regulation and diabetes susceptibility

Diabetologia ◽

10.1007/s00125-019-05040-3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 63 (3) ◽

pp. 453-461 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Blandine Tramunt ◽

Sarra Smati ◽

Naia Grandgeorge ◽

Françoise Lenfant ◽

Jean-François Arnal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Energy Balance ◽

Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽

Metabolic Regulation ◽

Biological Sex ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Prevention ◽

Reproductive Life ◽

Underlying Mechanisms ◽

Almost All

AbstractGender and biological sex impact the pathogenesis of numerous diseases, including metabolic disorders such as diabetes. In most parts of the world, diabetes is more prevalent in men than in women, especially in middle-aged populations. In line with this, considering almost all animal models, males are more likely to develop obesity, insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia than females in response to nutritional challenges. As summarised in this review, it is now obvious that many aspects of energy balance and glucose metabolism are regulated differently in males and females and influence their predisposition to type 2 diabetes. During their reproductive life, women exhibit specificities in energy partitioning as compared with men, with carbohydrate and lipid utilisation as fuel sources that favour energy storage in subcutaneous adipose tissues and preserve them from visceral and ectopic fat accumulation. Insulin sensitivity is higher in women, who are also characterised by higher capacities for insulin secretion and incretin responses than men; although, these sex advantages all disappear when glucose tolerance deteriorates towards diabetes. Clinical and experimental observations evidence the protective actions of endogenous oestrogens, mainly through oestrogen receptor α activation in various tissues, including the brain, the liver, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and pancreatic beta cells. However, beside sex steroids, underlying mechanisms need to be further investigated, especially the role of sex chromosomes, fetal/neonatal programming and epigenetic modifications. On the path to precision medicine, further deciphering sex-specific traits in energy balance and glucose homeostasis is indeed a priority topic to optimise individual approaches in type 2 diabetes prevention and treatment.

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