Potential Lignocellulosic Biomass Resources in ASEAN Countries

2018 ◽  
pp. 163-172
Author(s):  
Shankar Ramanathan ◽  
Madihah Md Salleh ◽  
Adibah Yahya ◽  
Huszalina Hussin ◽  
Wan R.Z. Wan Dagang ◽  
...  
2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 1327-1329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Nemoto ◽  
Ken-ichi Tominaga ◽  
Kazuhiko Sato

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hanif ◽  
Aknasasia Virginia Krisanti ◽  
Selvy Salfitri ◽  
Yuli Darni ◽  
Herti Utami ◽  
...  

Corncob is abundantly available lignocellulosic biomass resources obtained from crops harvesting and found to be solid waste accumulation on a field. Less corncob is used as a solid fuel for cooking, and a more significant portion is vanished on the field by burning. Promisingly, corncob contains considerable cellulose as one value-added component potentially utilized as biomaterial or biofuel feedstock. However, the presence of lignin in natural lignocellulosic biomass results in recalcitrant structure and hinders cellulose accessibility. This study aimed to investigate microwave-assisted alkaline treatment to retain cellulose in the solid product while removing other impurities in corncob, especially hemicellulose and lignin. Sodium hydroxide was selected as a chemical with some variations in concentration. The chemical treatment was carried out under 400 W microwave power with various residence times and a 1:10 solid to liquor ratio. The cellulose content upgraded from 26.97% to 71.26% while reducing hemicellulose and lignin from 38.49% to 18.15% and 19.28% to 6.4%, respectively, on chemical treatment using 8% sodium hydroxide concentration for 20 minutes residence time. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis also confirmed the results. The treated corncob also increased its crystallinity from 30.11% to 52.91%.


2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Neha Sharma ◽  
Lekha Charan Meher ◽  
Krishna Chandra ◽  
Mitesh Mittal ◽  
Sanjai Kumar Dwivedi ◽  
...  

Renewable biomass resources could reduce the dependency on the fossil fuels by conversion of its lignocellulose into bio-fuels and other valuable chemicals. Depolymerisation of lignocellulose, hydrolysis of cellulose to monomer glucose and its subsequent dehydration results 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF). HMF is an important platform chemical for fuels and various other applications. The hydrogenation of HMF results 2, 5-dimethylfuran (DMF), which may be a biofuel with 40 per cent greater energy density than that of ethanol. The homogeneous catalytic method is preferred for lignocellulosic biomass conversion to cellulose, its hydrolysis and further dehydration to HMF. The Cu-Ru/C and related catalysts are preferred for hydrogenation of HMD to 2, 5-dimethylfuran. This review is an attempt to summarise the current research and developments in the field of lignocellulose derived HMF and further conversion to DMF as a potential biofuel.


2015 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 682-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kifayat Ullah ◽  
Vinod Kumar Sharma ◽  
Sunil Dhingra ◽  
Giacobbe Braccio ◽  
Mushtaq Ahmad ◽  
...  

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 276-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotoshi MURATA ◽  
Natsuki HANAKA ◽  
Satoru MIZUNO ◽  
Edmundo Jr. Sanchez ◽  
Kunihiko NAMBA ◽  
...  

KEBERLANJUTAN ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 897
Author(s):  
ROMENAH ROMENAH

AbstractThe National Education System has grown so rapidly over time. A variety of efforts have been made to build every prosperous, dignified Indonesian human being, so that the quality of Indonesian thinking is progressing. The ASEAN Economic Community which has been launched since 2015 has resulted in free competition, both in trade, employment, and there is free competition for educators in ASEAN countries. Besides that, Indonesian education is faced with challenges and developments in the times, where the culture between ASEAN countries has no limits, this is the challenge faced when implementing the Asean Economic Comunity (ASEAN Economic Community) MEA. Indonesia as a country in the ASEAN region must prepare domestic educators to have professionalism and character so that they can compete with the AEC. Educators must be aware of the essence of the existence of their profession, continue to struggle to make changes in order to realize professionalism with noble character. Efforts made in preparing professional educators to face the challenges of the AEC must touch the most fundamental aspects of changing their competencies, namely the mindset. A student must be more advanced and innovative in developing his learning so that he can change the mindset of students to do agent of change. Through this mindset educators will become professional and characterized so that they can compete and compete in the MEA era. Keywords: MEA, Changes in Mindset, Professional Educators


2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (Number 1) ◽  
pp. 55-67
Author(s):  
Shafini M. Shafie ◽  
Zakirah Othman ◽  
N Hami

Malaysia has an abundance of biomass resources that can be utilised for power generation. One of them is paddy residue. Paddy residue creates ahuge potential in the power generation sector. The consumption of paddy residue can help Malaysia become less dependent on conventional sources of energy, mitigate greenhouse gas(GHG) emission, offer positive feedback in the economic sector, and at the same time, provide thebest solution for waste management activities. The forecast datafor 20 years on electricity generation wasused to calculate the GHG emission and its saving when paddy residue is used for electricity generation. The government’scost saving was also identified when paddy residue substituted coal fuel in electricity generation.This paper can provide forecast information so that Malaysia is able to move forward to apply paddy residue as feedstock in energy supply. Hopefully, the data achieved can encourage stakeholder bodies in the implementation of paddy residue inelectricity generation since there is apositive impact towardscost and emission saving.


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