scholarly journals Transparent Schottky Photodiodes: Transparent Schottky Photodiode Based on AgNi NWs/SrTiO 3 Contact with an Ultrafast Photoresponse to Short‐Wavelength Blue Light and UV‐Shielding Effect (Adv. Funct. Mater. 46/2019)

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (46) ◽  
pp. 1970319
Author(s):  
Wei Yang ◽  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Yujia Zhang ◽  
Wanjun Deng ◽  
Xiaosheng Fang
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Short Wavelength ◽  
Shielding Effect ◽  
Uv Shielding ◽  
Schottky Photodiode

scholarly journals Influence of blue light spectrum filter on short-wavelength and standard automated perimetries

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 725-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Cunha Castro ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Barbosa de Souza ◽  
Eduardo Sone Soriano ◽  
Luiz Alberto Soares Melo Jr. ◽  
Augusto Paranhos Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Short Wavelength ◽  
Light Spectrum

scholarly journals Role of Short-wavelength Blue Light in the Formation of Cataract and Expression of Caspase-1, -11 and Gasdermin D in rat Lens Epithelium Cells: Insight into the Novel Pathogenesis of Cataract.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yamin Wang ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Ying Sun ◽  
Xiaohui Wang ◽  
Zhaowei Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Short Wavelength ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Blue Led ◽  
Caspase 1 ◽  
Epithelium Cells ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Background Cataracts have been verified to be associated with a number of risk factors. The sun and artificial light sources, including light-emitting diode (LED) and fluorescent light tubes, are the primary sources of short-wavelength blue light. With the increasing popularity of blue-rich LED-backlit display devices, our eyes are now exposed to more short-wavelength blue light than they were in the past. The goal of this study was to evaluate the role of short-wavelength blue light in the formation of cataract. Additionally, the pathogenesis of cataracts after short-wavelength light exposure was investigated.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into 2 main groups: a control group (10 rats each for the 4-, 8-, and 12-week groups) and an experimental group (10 rats each for the 4-, 8-, and 12-week groups). The rats in the experimental group were exposed to a short-wavelength blue LED lamp for 12 hours per day. After exposure to the blue LED lamp, the rats were maintained in total darkness for 12 hours, after which a 12-hour light/dark cycle was resumed. The intensity of the lamp was 3000 lux. At the end of the short-wavelength blue LED lamp exposure (for 4, 8, and 12 weeks), the expression levels of caspase-1, caspase-11 and gasdermin D (GSDMD) in rat epithelium cells (LECs) were examined in rat epithelial cells (LECs) using qRT-PCR and Western blotting analyses. Results After 6 weeks, cataracts had developed in the experimental rats (4/20 eyes). The clarity of the lens then gradually worsened with the duration of exposure. Twelve weeks later, all of the rat eyes had developed cataracts. Then the expression levels of caspase-1, caspase-11 and GSDMD at 4, 8, and 12 weeks were significantly higher in samples from rats exposed to a short-wavelength blue LED lamp than samples from control rat (p˂0.05). Conclusion The data indicate that pyroptosis play a key role of in cataracts induced by short-wavelength blue light exposure, highlighting caspase-1, caspase-11 and GSDMD as possible therapeutic targets for cataract treatment. This study might provide new insight into the novel pathogenesis of cataracts.

Prior Light Exposure Enhances the Pupil Response to Subsequent Short Wavelength (Blue) Light

2011 ◽  
Vol 02 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Stormly Hansen ◽  
Birgit Sander ◽  
Aki Kawasaki ◽  
Adam Elias Brøndsted ◽  
Claus Nissen
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Short Wavelength ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Pupil Response

scholarly journals Short-Wavelength Blue Light Contributes to Pyroptosis of Human Lens Epithelial Cells (hLECs) by Caspase-1-GSDMD Signalling Axis Activation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaowei Song ◽  
Xiaohui Wang ◽  
Huazhang Li ◽  
Ying Sun ◽  
Kexin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Short Wavelength ◽  
Human Lens ◽  
Lens Epithelial Cells ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Human Lens Epithelial Cells ◽  
Caspase 1

Abstract Backgroud: To examine the effects of short-wavelength blue light (SWBL) on cultured human lens epithelial cells (hLECs). The nosogenesis of cataracts after SWBL exposure was discussed. Methods: HLE-B3 hLECs were divided into 3 groups randomly: A: normal control group, which consisted of hLECs cultured in the dark; B: the caspase-1 inhibitor group; and C: the SWBL exposure group. After the SWBL (2500 lux) irradiation (for 8, 16, 24, and 32 h), the caspase-1 and gasdermin D (GSDMD) expression levels in HLE-B3 hLECs were examined using ELISA, immunofluorescence, and Western blotting analyses. Double-positive staining of HLE-B3 hLECs for activated and inhibited caspase-1 was used to confirm pyroptosis in hLECs by flow cytometry. Results: SWBL can cause cell death in HLE-B3 hLECs, but a caspase-1 inhibitor suppressed cell death. The flow cytometry results also confirmed the does-dependent of short-wavelength blue light irradiation on pyroptotic death of hLECs. Caspase-1 and GSDMD expression levels of all hLECs groups changed with short-wavelength blue light exposure times (8, 16, 24, and 32 h) and were higher in groups B and C than group A. The immunofluorescence results demonstrated that the expression of GSDMD-N was higher in the cell membrane in both the B and C groups than in the A group.Conclusion: The data indicate that SWBL induces pyroptotic programmed cell death by activation of the GSDMD signalling axis in HLE-B3 hLECs. These results provide new insights into the exploitation of new candidates for the prevention of cataracts.

scholarly journals Reducing Short-Wavelength Blue Light in Dry Eye Patients with Unstable Tear Film Improves Performance on Tests of Visual Acuity

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e0152936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minako Kaido ◽  
Ikuko Toda ◽  
Tomoo Oobayashi ◽  
Motoko Kawashima ◽  
Yusaku Katada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Short Wavelength ◽  
Tear Film

Self-luminous devices and melatonin suppression in adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 966-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Figueiro ◽  
D Overington
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Home Environment ◽  
Short Wavelength ◽  
Cell Phones ◽  
The Body ◽  
Melatonin Suppression

Self-luminous devices, such as computers, tablets and cell phones can emit short-wavelength (blue) light, which maximally suppresses melatonin. Melatonin is a hormone that starts rising approximately 2 hours prior to natural bedtimes and signals darkness and sleep to the body. The present study extends from previously published studies showing that light from self-luminous devices suppresses melatonin and delays sleep. This is the first study conducted in the home environment that investigated the effects of self-luminous devices on melatonin levels in adolescents (age 15–17 years). Results show that 1-hour and 2-hour exposure to light from self-luminous devices significantly suppressed melatonin by approximately 23% and 38% respectively. Compared to our previous studies, these results suggest that adolescents may be more sensitive to light than other populations.

scholarly journals Long-term reduction of short wavelength light affects sustained attention and visuospatial working memory

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Domagalik ◽  
Halszka Oginska ◽  
Ewa Beldzik ◽  
Magdalena Fafrowicz ◽  
Tadeusz Marek
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Sustained Attention ◽  
Short Wavelength ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Short Exposure ◽  
Visuospatial Working Memory ◽  
Age Related

ABSTRACTThe short wavelength, i.e. blue light, is crucial for non-image forming effects such as entrainment of circadian system. Moreover, many studies showed that blue light enhances alertness and performance in cognitive tasks. However, most of scientific reports in this topic is based on studies using short exposure to blue or blue-enriched light and only few focused on the effects of its reduced transmittance, especially in longer period. The latter could potentially give insight into understanding if age-related sleep problems and cognitive decline are related to less amount of blue light reaching the retina, as our lenses become more yellow with age. In this study, we investigated the effects of prolonged blocking of blue light on cognitive functioning, in particular - sustained attention and visuospatial working memory, and sleep. We used amber contact lenses reducing transmittance of blue light by approximately 90% for the period of four weeks on a group of young, healthy participants. No changes were observed for measurements related to sleep and sleep-wake rhythm. The significant effect was shown both for sustained attention and visuospatial memory, i.e. the longer blocking the blue light lasted, the greater decrease in performance was observed. Additionally, the follow-up session was conducted (approximately one week after taking off the blue-blocking lenses) and revealed that in case of sustained attention this detrimental effect of blocking BL is fully reversible. Our findings provide evidence that prolonged reduction of BL exposure directly affects human cognitive functioning regardless of sleep-related conditions.

scholarly journals Photostabilizing Efficiency of Acrylic-based Bamboo Exterior Coatings Combining Benzotriazole and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Rao ◽  
Yahui Zhang ◽  
Minzhen Bao ◽  
Zhiyuan Zhang ◽  
Yongjie Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Color Space ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Shielding Effect ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Uv Shielding ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

Long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light can degrade and discolor bamboo; thus, coatings to protect it from UV exposure are required, especially for outdoor use. Benzotriazole (BTZ) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (NZnO) are organic and inorganic UV absorbers commonly used in UV shielding coatings. This study investigated the photostabilizing efficiency of acrylic-based bamboo exterior coatings using a combination of BTZ and NZnO. Different film formulations covering bamboo substrates were irradiated with artificial UV light for 500 h to accelerate aging. The UV-shielding effect on bamboo beneath various films was determined by CIELAB color space and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. The film effectiveness was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, wettability, UV-vis spectroscopy, and FTIR-attenuated total reflection (ATR) spectroscopy. Films containing BTZ provided higher resistance to photodegradation and more effectively inhibited photodiscoloration of the bamboo substrates than those prepared solely with NZnO. After 500 h of UV irradiation, the BTZ–NZnO film containing 2 wt % BTZ and 1 wt % NZnO showed the best coating performance. Strong synergistic effects were detected in the BTZ–NZnO coatings, particularly for the 2:1 ratio formulation. This study also demonstrated the potential of combining BTZ and NZnO as additives for developing stable, effective UV-shielding bamboo exterior coatings for outdoor applications.

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