Introduction of functional groups on polyethylene surfaces by a carbon dioxide plasma treatment

The negative‒ion chemical ionization mass spectra of a group of structural isomers of amphetamine have been studied using carbon dioxide as the reagent gas. Characteristic and reproducible differences are observed for each member of the set implying that this technique offers a means of distinguishing among groups of amphetamine isomers. Characteristic adducts to the molecular ion are observed in the form (M–[H]+[O]) and (M–[H]+[CO2]). Descriptions of some fragments are given based on the mass spectral behaviour of a set of analogue compounds and the results of oxygen-18 labelled carbon dioxide reagent gas experiments. Contents of the carbon dioxide plasma and their impact on various analytes is also discussed.

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A phenanthroline-based porous organic polymer for the iridium-catalyzed hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to formate

Journal of Materials Chemistry A ◽

10.1039/c9ta03807h ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (23) ◽

pp. 14019-14026 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Gunniya Hariyanandam Gunasekar ◽

Sungho Yoon

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Functional Groups ◽

Single Site ◽

Organic Polymer ◽

Selective Catalyst ◽

Porous Organic Polymer ◽

Highly Active ◽

First Time ◽

Hydrogenation Of Carbon Dioxide ◽

Hydrogenation Of Co

A novel phenanthroline-functionalized porous organic polymer (phen-POP) has been designed, and prepared for the first time without other reactive functional groups in the polymer skeleton. Post-synthetic metalation of phen-POP with IrCl3 afforded a single-site, highly active and selective catalyst for the hydrogenation of CO2 to formate.

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CVD Synthesis, Functionalization and CO2 Adsorption Attributes of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr7090634 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (9) ◽

pp. 634 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Shazia Shukrullah ◽

Muhammad Yasin Naz ◽

Norani M. Mohamed ◽

Khalid A. Ibrahim ◽

Nasser M. AbdEl-Salam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Functional Groups ◽

Co2 Adsorption ◽

Breakthrough Curves ◽

Multiwalled Carbon ◽

Amine Functionalized ◽

Co2 Adsorption Capacity

Carbon dioxide is one of the major greenhouse gases and a leading source of global warming. Several adsorbent materials are being tested for removal of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. The use of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as a CO2 adsorbent material is a relatively new research avenue. In this study, Fe2O3/Al2O3 composite catalyst was used to synthesize MWCNTs by cracking ethylene gas molecules in a fluidized bed chemical vapor deposition (CVD) chamber. These nanotubes were treated with H2SO4/HNO3 solution and functionalized with 3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane (APTS). Chemical modification of nanotubes removed the endcaps and introduced some functional groups along the sidewalls at defected sites. The functionalization of nanotubes with amine introduced carboxylic groups on the tube surface. These functional groups significantly enhance the surface wettability, hydrophilicity and CO2 adsorption capacity of MWCNTs. The CO2 adsorption capacity of as-grown and amine-functionalized CNTs was computed by generating their breakthrough curves. BELSORP-mini equipment was used to generate CO2 breakthrough curves. The oxidation and functionalization of MWCNTs revealed significant improvement in their adsorption capacity. The highest CO2 adsorption of 129 cm3/g was achieved with amine-functionalized MWCNTs among all the tested samples.

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Surface Modification of a-C:H(N) Thin Films by Plasma Treatment

Microscopy and Microanalysis ◽

10.1017/s1431927605051147 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 11 (S03) ◽

pp. 162-165 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

L. von Mühlen ◽

R. A. Simao ◽

C. A. Achete

Keyword(s):

Thin Films ◽

Surface Roughness ◽

Optical Properties ◽

Surface Modification ◽

Surface Chemistry ◽

Plasma Treatment ◽

Surface Properties ◽

Functional Groups ◽

Material Properties ◽

Modify Surface

Surface chemistry and topography of materials are generally preponderant factors in a series of material properties, such as adhesion, wettability, friction and optical properties [1]. Wettability of films, for example, can be altered significantly by modifying its surface roughness and also by incorporating functional groups. Plasma treatment is a powerful and versatile way to modify surface properties of amorphous nitrogen-incorporated carbon thin films (a-C:H(N)) and obtain materials with improved properties, once it is possible to modify the surfaces in a controlled way by specific settings of plasma conditions. [2 - 4]

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ADHESION OF PET/PSMA INTERFACES REINFORCED WITH PLASMA TREATMENT

Surface Review and Letters ◽

10.1142/s0218625x06008062 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 13 (02n03) ◽

pp. 265-271

Author(s):

CHI-AN DAI ◽

TAI-AN TSUI ◽

YAO-YI CHENG

Keyword(s):

Fracture Toughness ◽

Plasma Treatment ◽

Fracture Energy ◽

Functional Groups ◽

Surface Composition ◽

Treatment Time ◽

Bulk Material ◽

Plasma Treatment Time ◽

Pet Film ◽

Pet Films

The interface between biaxially oriented poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) films and poly (styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (PSMA) was reinforced by nitrogen plasma treatment of PET film and subsequent annealing treatment of the PET/PSMA bi-material. The fracture toughness, Gc, of the interface was quantitatively measured using an asymmetric double cantilever beam test (ADCB). X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS) was used to measure the change in the surface composition of PET films upon plasma treatment and correlate the fracture toughness of the interface. The fracture energy of PET/PSMA interface is significantly enhanced by annealing the plasma treated PET with PSMA at a temperature greater than the glass transition temperature of PSMA (~ 120°C). At an annealing temperature of 150°C, Gc increases with increasing plasma treatment time and reaches a plateau value of ~ 100–120 J/m2, a two order of magnitude increase in Gc compared with that of samples annealed at 130°C. The enhancement of the adhesion is resulted from the in-situ formation of copolymers due to reaction between amine functional groups from the plasma treatment and anhydride groups from PSMA. For plasma treatment time < 10 s, scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurement show that the fracture surface is relatively smooth indicating an interfacial failure between PET/PSMA. With increasing plasma treatment time and therefore increasing the amount of nitrogen functional groups on PET surface, large plastic deformation takes place at the PET/PSMA interface. For treatment time ≥ 100–150 s, the PET/PSMA interface becomes stronger than PET bulk material and consequently crack deviates from the interface and the failure occurs within the PET film. The interlayer fracture energy of a biaxially oriented PET film can thus be quantitatively measured with a Gc value of roughly 120 J/m2.

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