scholarly journals Phenotypic characterization of synovial tissue cells in situ in different types of synovitis

1983 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1321-1332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Staffan Lindblad ◽  
Lars Klareskog ◽  
Eva Hedfors ◽  
Urban Forsum ◽  
Christer Sundstrom
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Tissue ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Tissue Cells

scholarly journals Brightly Colored to Stay in the Dark. Revealing of the Polychromy of the Lot Sarcophagus in the Catacomb of San Sebastiano in Rome

Heritage ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 858-874
Author(s):  
Susanna Bracci ◽  
Donata Magrini ◽  
Rachele Manganelli del Fà ◽  
Oana Adriana Cuzman ◽  
Barbara Mazzei
Keyword(s):  
Late Antiquity ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Naked Eye ◽  
Executive Process ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Yellow Ochre ◽  
Invasive Techniques

The Lot Sarcophagus is one of the most relevant funerary sculptures of late antiquity (mid-4th century AC). Some of the remarkable aspects are the following (i) it is still preserved in situ; (ii) most of the carved scenes are rarities or unicum; (iii) not all the sculpture work has been completed, which allows us to analyse the executive process; (iv) many traces of polychromy have remained. This paper is focused on the characterization of the residual polychromy by using in-situ non-invasive techniques. Furthermore, few micro samples were taken, to be analysed in laboratory to study the composition of some deposits and to define if a preparatory layer was present under the coloured layer. The data showed that the very rich polychromy of the Lot Sarcophagus was made of Egyptian blue, yellow ochre, and three different types of red: two inorganics (red ochre and cinnabar), and one organic-based (madder lake). Furthermore, some decorations, completely vanished and no longer visible to the naked eye, have been rediscovered, also providing details on the construction phases. During the project, the 3D model of the sarcophagus was acquired, which afterwards was used to map the results of the diagnostic campaign.

Characterization of organic monolayers on individual microparticles using microprobe mass spectrometry

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1710-1711
Author(s):  
Thomas Fister ◽  
John Chakel ◽  
Robert Odom ◽  
Filippo Radicati di Brozolo ◽  
Richard W. Linton
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Transformations ◽  
Organic Monolayers ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Wet Chemical ◽  
Secondary Ion

Polycyclic organic matter (POM) represents a class of compounds of environmental significance. Many of these compounds have been shown to exhibit mutagenic characteristics. POM is formed during the combustion of fossil fuels such as coal. Emitted particulate matter such as coal flyash contains surface associated POM that undergoes chemical transformations due to photolysis and exposure to gaseous pollutants. Past studies of these compounds on flyash have relied on wet chemical techniques in which POM is extracted from large quantities of flyash and then analyzed by chromatography. This technique is hindered by several problems such as the extensive heterogeneity in flyash composition. Individual flyash particles of different composition will influence POM adsorption and reactivity. Studies of the different types of particles by the wet techniques require that the particles be physically separated (density, size, magnetic properties). Microprobe secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) is a technique that can potentially overcome these obstacles by permitting the in situ analysis of POM on single particle surfaces.

scholarly journals In Situ Characterization of Follicular Helper CD4 T Cells Using Multiplexed Imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalliopi Ioannidou ◽  
Daba-Rokhya Ndiaye ◽  
Alessandra Noto ◽  
Craig Fenwick ◽  
Sotirios P. Fortis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Level ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Surface Receptors ◽  
Tfh Cells ◽  
Follicular Helper ◽  
Nuclear Factors ◽  
Quantitative Manner ◽  
Spatial Positioning

Follicular helper CD4 T (Tfh) cells play an essential role in the formation of germinal centers (GCs), where mature B cells proliferate, differentiate, and provide long-term protective humoral responses. Despite the extensive phenotypic characterization and identification of human Tfh cell subsets, their spatial positioning at tissue level is not well understood. Here, we describe a quantitative multiplexed immunofluorescence approach allowing for the comprehensive in situ characterization of Tfh cells in human tonsils and lymph nodes (LNs) from individuals with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL). We have developed eight multiplexed panels comprising a spectrum of Tfh cell markers, like PD-1, CXCR5, and ICOS, along with transcription factors (Bcl6, Tbet, GATA3), to assess their expression, frequencies, spatial distribution and co-localization in a quantitative manner. Combined analysis of relevant markers revealed the presence of several Tfh cell subsets at tissue level based on the differential expression of surface receptors, nuclear factors as well as their distinct localization within the follicular areas. Interestingly, we found a considerable amount of tonsillar Tfh cells expressing high levels of the Th2 regulator GATA3. The co-expression of GATA3, CXCR5, and BCL6, points to an important role of GATA3 for the generation of effector human Tfh cells. Furthermore, our data revealed significantly different Tfh cell profile signatures between health and disease. Therefore, our imaging platform generates meaningful information for the in situ characterization of human Tfh cells and could provide the base for future studies aiming to a comprehensive understanding of Tfh cell tissue heterogeneity.

scholarly journals Mechanical characterization of carbon nanomembranes from self-assembled monolayers

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 826-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianghui Zhang ◽  
André Beyer ◽  
Armin Gölzhäuser
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
Self Assembled Monolayers ◽  
Bulge Test ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Assembled Monolayers ◽  
Viscoelastic Behaviors ◽  
Self Assembled

This paper reports on the mechanical characterization of carbon nanomembranes (CNMs) with a thickness of 1 nm that are fabricated by electron-induced crosslinking of aromatic self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). A novel type of in situ bulge test employing an atomic force microscope (AFM) is utilized to investigate their mechanical properties. A series of biphenyl-based molecules with different types of terminal and/or anchor groups were used to prepare the CNMs, such as 4'-[(3-trimethoxysilyl)propoxy]-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-carbonitrile (CBPS), 1,1'-biphenyl-4-thiol (BPT) and 4-nitro-1,1'-biphenyl-4-thiol (NBPT). The elastic properties, viscoelastic behaviors and ultimate tensile strength of these biphenyl-based CNMs are investigated and discussed.

The Use of Advanced Analytical Techniques for Characterization of the Chemical, Physical, and Crystallographic Nature of a Surface

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 132-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Herfert
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Studies of the nature of a surface, either metallic or nonmetallic, in the past, have been limited to the instrumentation available for these measurements. In the past, optical microscopy, replica transmission electron microscopy, electron or X-ray diffraction and optical or X-ray spectroscopy have provided the means of surface characterization. Actually, some of these techniques are not purely surface; the depth of penetration may be a few thousands of an inch. Within the last five years, instrumentation has been made available which now makes it practical for use to study the outer few 100A of layers and characterize it completely from a chemical, physical, and crystallographic standpoint. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides a means of viewing the surface of a material in situ to magnifications as high as 250,000X.

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