A comprehensive analysis of immune infiltration in the tumor microenvironment of osteosarcoma

Abstract Background: Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most common malignancies in gynecology. There is still a lack of specific biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of CC. Pyroptosis is one of the methods of programmed cell death, and its various components are related to the occurrence, invasion, and metastasis of tumors. However, the role of pyroptosis in CC has not yet been elucidated.Methods: This study focuses on the development of a prognostic signature associated with pyroptosis for CC patients using integrated bioinformatics to elucidate the relationship between the signature and the tumor microenvironment and immune response.Results: We identified a prognostic signature based on eight pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs), with better prognostic survival in the low-risk group (P<0.05) and AUC values greater than 0.7. The results of the multi-factor Cox regression analysis indicated that the signature could be used as an independent prognostic factor, and both the DCA and the Nomogram suggested that the prognostic signature had good predictive power. Interestingly, this prognostic signature can also be applied to multiple tumors. In addition, the tumor microenvironment and immune infiltration status were significantly different between high and low-risk groups (P<0. 05). The core gene GZMB was screened and the CC-associated GZMB/ miR-378a/TRIM52-AS1 regulatory axis was constructed.Conclusion: The study successfully established the prognostic signature based on eight PRGs and reflected their tumor microenvironment and immune infiltration. The GZMB/ miR-378a/TRIM52-AS1 regulatory axis may play an important regulatory role in the development of CC, and further experimental studies are needed to validate these results subsequently.

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Comprehensive Analysis of the Expression, Relationship to Immune Infiltration and Prognosis of TIM-1 in Cancer

Frontiers in Oncology ◽

10.3389/fonc.2020.01086 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

Author(s):

Xiaoxiao Kong ◽

Meili Fu ◽

Xing Niu ◽

Hongxing Jiang

Keyword(s):

Comprehensive Analysis ◽

Immune Infiltration

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Comprehensive analysis of prognostic immune‐related genes in the tumor microenvironment of cutaneous melanoma

Journal of Cellular Physiology ◽

10.1002/jcp.29018 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 235 (2) ◽

pp. 1025-1035 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Sheng Yang ◽

Tong Liu ◽

Hongmei Nan ◽

Yan Wang ◽

Hao Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tumor Microenvironment ◽

Cutaneous Melanoma ◽

Comprehensive Analysis ◽

Immune Related Genes

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Characterization of a Tumor-Microenvironment-Relevant Gene Set Based on Tumor Severity in Colon Cancer and Evaluation of Its Potential for Dihydroartemisinin Targeting

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2021/4812068 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Bo Liang ◽

Biao Zheng ◽

Yan Zhou ◽

Zheng-Quan Lai ◽

Citing Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colon Cancer ◽

Tumor Microenvironment ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

In Silico Analysis ◽

Adverse Outcomes ◽

Therapeutic Implications ◽

Immune Infiltration ◽

Highly Correlated

Colon cancer (COAD) is a leading cause of cancer mortality in the world. Most patients with COAD die as a result of cancer cell metastasis. However, the mechanisms underlying the metastatic phenotype of COAD remain unclear. Instead, particular features of the tumor microenvironment (TME) could predict adverse outcomes including metastasis in patients with COAD, and the role of TME in governing COAD progression is undeniable. Therefore, exploring the role of TME in COAD may help us better understand the molecular mechanisms behind COAD progression which may improve clinical outcomes and quality of patients. Here, we identified a Specific TME Regulatory Network including AEBP1, BGN, POST, and FAP (STMERN) that is highly involved in clinical outcomes of patients with COAD. Comprehensive in silico analysis of our study revealed that the STMERN is highly correlated with the severity of COAD. Meanwhile, our results reveal that the STMERN might be associated with immune infiltration in COAD. Importantly, we show that dihydroartemisinin (DHA) potentially interacts with the STMERN. We suggest that DHA might contribute to immune infiltration through regulating the STMERN in COAD. Taken together, our data provide a set of biomarkers of progression and poor prognosis in COAD. These findings could have potential prognostic and therapeutic implications in the progression of COAD.

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CLDN6 and CLDN10 are Associated with Immune Infiltration of Ovarian Cancer: A Study of Claudin Family

10.21203/rs.3.rs-40048/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Peipei Gao ◽

Ting Peng ◽

Canhui Cao ◽

Shitong Lin ◽

Ping Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

T Cell ◽

Tumor Microenvironment ◽

Immune Cells ◽

Enrichment Analysis ◽

Gene Set Enrichment Analysis ◽

Gene Markers ◽

Immune Infiltration ◽

Kaplan Meier ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background: Claudin family is a group of membrane proteins related to tight junction. There are many studies about them in cancer, but few studies pay attention to the relationship between them and the tumor microenvironment. In our research, we mainly focused on the genes related to the prognosis of ovarian cancer, and explored the relationship between them and the tumor microenvironment of ovarian cancer.Methods: The cBioProtal provided the genetic variation pattern of claudin gene family in ovarian cancer. The ONCOMINE database and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) were used to exploring the mRNA expression of claudins in cancers. The prognostic potential of these genes was examined via Kaplan-Meier plotter. Immunologic signatures were enriched by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). The correlations between claudins and the tumor microenvironment of ovarian cancer were investigated via Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER).Results: In our research, claudin genes were altered in 363 (62%) of queried patients/samples. Abnormal expression levels of claudins were observed in various cancers. Among them, we found that CLDN3, CLDN4, CLDN6, CLDN10, CLDN15 and CLDN16 were significantly correlated with overall survival of patients with ovarian cancer. GSEA revealed that CLDN6 and CLDN10 were significantly enriched in immunologic signatures about B cell, CD4 T cell and CD8 T cell. What makes more sense is that CLDN6 and CLDN10 were found related to the tumor microenvironment. CLDN6 expression was negatively correlated with immune infiltration level in ovarian cancer, and CLDN10 expression was positively correlated with immune infiltration level in ovarian cancer. Further study revealed the CLDN6 expression level was negatively correlated with gene markers of various immune cells in ovarian cancer. And, the expression of CLDN10 was positive correlated with gene markers of immune cells in ovarian cancer.Conclusions: CLDN6 and CLDN10 were prognostic biomarkers, and correlated with immune infiltration in ovarian cancer. Our results revealed new roles for CLDN6 and CLDN10, and they were potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of ovarian cancer.

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Significance of CD47 and Its Association With Tumor Immune Microenvironment Heterogeneity in Ovarian Cancer

Frontiers in Immunology ◽

10.3389/fimmu.2021.768115 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Lan Yu ◽

Yi Ding ◽

Ting Wan ◽

Ting Deng ◽

He Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Tumor Microenvironment ◽

Single Cell ◽

Prognostic Biomarker ◽

Gene Set Enrichment Analysis ◽

Cancer Prognosis ◽

Expression Level ◽

Immune Microenvironment ◽

Immune Infiltration ◽

Tumor Immune Microenvironment

BackgroundIt was reported that tumor heterogeneity and the surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME) in ovarian cancer affects immunotherapy efficacy and patient outcomes. And the TME of ovarian cancer is intrinsically heterogeneous. CD47 plays vital roles in cell functional behavior and immune homeostasis relating to cancer prognosis. But how it affects TME and its contribution to heterogeneity in ovarian cancer has not been fully illustrated. Therefore, we aimed to identify a prognostic biomarker which may help explain tumor immune microenvironment heterogeneity of ovarian cancer.MethodsCancer single-cell state atlas (CancerSEA) was used to evaluate functional role of CD47. Several bioinformatics database including Oncomine, Gene Expression Profiling Interaction Analysis (GEPIA), Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER), The Human Protein Atlas (HPA), Ualcan and Kaplan-Meier plotter (KM plotter) were applied to illustrate correlation of CD47 with ovarian cancer prognosis and immune infiltration. Tumor Immune Single-cell Hub (TISCH) single cell database was employed to evaluate correlation of CD47 with tumor microenvironment. GeneMANIA was implemented to identify regulation networks of CD47. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between CD47 high and low expression groups were analyzed with R package DESeq2. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were utilized to explore how CD47 affect the immune related cell signaling pathway.ResultsCD47 expression was upregulated and connected to worse OS and PFS in ovarian cancer. Close relation was found between CD47 expression level and immune infiltration in ovarian cancer, especially with Treg cells, Monocytes, Macrophages and T cell exhaustion (P<0.05). The CD47 expression level was relatively low in plasma cells, dendritic cells and Mono/Macro cells of OV_GSE115007, in myofibroblasts, fibroblasts and endothelial cells of OV_GSE118828, compared to malignant cells of OV_GSE118828 dataset. The cell components and distribution in primary and metastatic ovarian cancer are quite distinct, which may lead to TME heterogeneity of ovarian cancer.ConclusionOur results indicated that CD47 is closely correlated to ovarian cancer immune microenvironment and might induce ovarian cancer heterogeneity. Therefore, CD47 may be used as a candidate prognostic biomarker and provide us with new insights into potential immunotherapy in ovarian cancer patients.

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