Fruit Fly as a Tractable Model Animal for Infectious Diseases: Implication for Understanding of Host-pathogen Interaction

The detection of ancient microbial DNA offers a new approach for the study of infectious diseases, their occurrence and host – pathogen interaction in a diachronic view, over the centuries.Moreover, the data that are obtained from the skeletal and mummified tissue may represent an important completion of contemporary phylogenetic analyses of pathogens. [...]

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Special Issue: From Host–Pathogen Interaction to Host-Directed Therapies

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9122606 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 2606

Author(s):

Maria Salomé Gomes ◽

Luisa Pereira

Keyword(s):

Infectious Diseases ◽

Health Systems ◽

Human Society ◽

Special Issue ◽

Host Pathogen Interaction ◽

Host Pathogen ◽

Huge Challenge ◽

Made In

Despite the enormous progress made in the last few decades, infectious diseases still represent a huge challenge to human society and health systems, as evidenced by the recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic [...]

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L-Serine Lowers the Inflammatory Responses during Pasteurella multocida Infection

Infection and Immunity ◽

10.1128/iai.00677-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 87 (12) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Fang He ◽

Zheng Yin ◽

Chenlu Wu ◽

Yaoyao Xia ◽

Miaomiao Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

Infectious Diseases ◽

Pasteurella Multocida ◽

Inflammatory Responses ◽

Economic Loss ◽

Poultry Industry ◽

Content Type ◽

Host Pathogen Interaction ◽

Host Pathogen

ABSTRACT Pasteurella multocida causes a variety of infectious diseases in various species of mammals and birds, resulting in enormous economic loss to the modern livestock and poultry industry. However, the mechanism of host-pathogen interaction is unclear. Here, we found that l-serine levels were significantly decreased in murine lungs infected with P. multocida. Exogenous l-serine supplementation significantly increased the survival rate of mice and decreased the colonization of P. multocida in the lungs of mice. Notably, l-serine decreased the macrophage- and neutrophil-mediated inflammatory responses in mice during P. multocida infection.

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Drosophila as a Model for Infectious Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22052724 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (5) ◽

pp. 2724

Author(s):

J. Michael Harnish ◽

Nichole Link ◽

Shinya Yamamoto

Keyword(s):

Infectious Diseases ◽

Genetic Manipulation ◽

Genetic Diseases ◽

Fruit Fly ◽

Host Pathogen Interactions ◽

Cellular Processes ◽

Host Pathogen ◽

A Cell ◽

Multicellular Organisms

The fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, has been used to understand fundamental principles of genetics and biology for over a century. Drosophila is now also considered an essential tool to study mechanisms underlying numerous human genetic diseases. In this review, we will discuss how flies can be used to deepen our knowledge of infectious disease mechanisms in vivo. Flies make effective and applicable models for studying host-pathogen interactions thanks to their highly conserved innate immune systems and cellular processes commonly hijacked by pathogens. Drosophila researchers also possess the most powerful, rapid, and versatile tools for genetic manipulation in multicellular organisms. This allows for robust experiments in which specific pathogenic proteins can be expressed either one at a time or in conjunction with each other to dissect the molecular functions of each virulent factor in a cell-type-specific manner. Well documented phenotypes allow large genetic and pharmacological screens to be performed with relative ease using huge collections of mutant and transgenic strains that are publicly available. These factors combine to make Drosophila a powerful tool for dissecting out host-pathogen interactions as well as a tool to better understand how we can treat infectious diseases that pose risks to public health, including COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of A Novel Mechanism of Host-Pathogen Interaction through sRNA in Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.726419717.793534336 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Burkhard Tümmler

Keyword(s):

Outer Membrane ◽

Membrane Vesicles ◽

Outer Membrane Vesicles ◽

Host Pathogen Interaction ◽

Host Pathogen ◽

Bacterial Outer Membrane

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The Role of Macrophages in the Host’s Defense against Sporothrix schenckii

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens10070905 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 905

Author(s):

Estela Ruiz-Baca ◽

Armando Pérez-Torres ◽

Yolanda Romo-Lozano ◽

Daniel Cervantes-García ◽

Carlos A. Alba-Fierro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Responses ◽

Macrophage Polarization ◽

Sporothrix Schenckii ◽

Macrophage Cell ◽

Cell Recruitment ◽

Host Pathogen Interaction ◽

Interaction Processes ◽

Host Pathogen ◽

Molecular Patterns

The role of immune cells associated with sporotrichosis caused by Sporothrix schenckii is not yet fully clarified. Macrophages through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) can recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of Sporothrix, engulf it, activate respiratory burst, and secrete pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory biological mediators to control infection. It is important to consider that the characteristics associated with S. schenckii and/or the host may influence macrophage polarization (M1/M2), cell recruitment, and the type of immune response (1, 2, and 17). Currently, with the use of new monocyte-macrophage cell lines, it is possible to evaluate different host–pathogen interaction processes, which allows for the proposal of new mechanisms in human sporotrichosis. Therefore, in order to contribute to the understanding of these host–pathogen interactions, the aim of this review is to summarize and discuss the immune responses induced by macrophage-S. schenckii interactions, as well as the PRRs and PAMPs involved during the recognition of S. schenckii that favor the immune evasion by the fungus.

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