Effect of subsurface water level on gully headcut retreat in tropical highlands of Ethiopia

EFEK SUMUR RESAPAN TERHADAP PENGURANGAN VOLUME LIMPASAN PERMUKAAN

GANEC SWARA ◽

10.35327/gara.v14i1.131 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 537

Author(s):

I WAYAN YASA ◽

SASMITO SOEKARNO ◽

I DEWA GEDE JAYA NEGERA

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Ground Water ◽

Water Level ◽

Empirical Model ◽

Soil Texture ◽

Ground Water Level ◽

Subsurface Water ◽

Drying Up ◽

Rain Data ◽

Made In

Changes in land use not only affect the hydrological component, but also have an impact on the environmental sector, which include increasing the frequency of flooding and inundation, decreasing the availability of subsurface water, and drying up community wells. Various attempts have been made in efforts to reduce flooding and maintain sources of subsurface water, for example by applying infiltration well technology in each settlement. Infiltration wells will be able to function to re-enter rainwater falling on the pavement and can reduce flooding and inundation. This research is conducted with an empirical model that is connecting the amount of runoff that occurs after the availability of recharge wells. The purpose of this research is to get the ability of infiltration wells to reduce the occurrence of flooding in an area. The data used in the analysis are rain data and soil texture data. Based on the analysis results obtained dimensions of 0.8 m, 1 m and 1.2 m infiltration wells with a depth of 2 m. The depth of ground water level is 1.94 m, the permeability value (k) of land is 0.24 x 10ˉ⁴ m / sec. From each of the infiltration well diameters, it can reduce the successive runoff namely; infiltration wells are 0.8 m in diameter from runoff of 0.479 m³ / sec and after an infiltration well is reduced to 0.057m³ / sec, infiltration wells diameter 1.2 from runoff is 0.401 m³ / sec and after an infiltration well is reduced to 0.0475 m / second, and in the diater infiltration well 2 m from runoff of 0.377 m³ / sec and after the infiltration well is reduced to 0.0571 m / sec.

Effect of Subsurface Water Level and Irrigation Intervals on Hassawi Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Production on a Sandy Loam Soil

Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitation ◽

10.1080/089030699263528 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 91-101

Author(s):

A. H. Al-Saeedi ◽

A. M. Helalia ◽

M. Abdulsallam

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Water Level ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Sandy Loam Soil ◽

Subsurface Water ◽

Loam Soil

Prediction of subsurface water level change from satellite data

Hydrological Processes ◽

10.1002/hyp.5552 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 947-954 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Suphan Saykawlard ◽

Kiyoshi Honda ◽

Ashim Das Gupta ◽

Apisit Eiumnoh ◽

Xiaoyong Chen

Keyword(s):

Water Level ◽

Satellite Data ◽

Subsurface Water ◽

Water Level Change ◽

Level Change

Ground Deformation of Wuhan, China, Revealed by Multi-Temporal InSAR Analysis

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs12223788 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (22) ◽

pp. 3788

Author(s):

Yakun Han ◽

Jingui Zou ◽

Zhong Lu ◽

Feifei Qu ◽

Ya Kang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Level ◽

Land Subsidence ◽

Ground Deformation ◽

Central China ◽

Subsurface Water ◽

City Management ◽

Spatiotemporal Evolution ◽

Water Level Changes ◽

Multi Temporal

Wuhan, the largest city in central China, has experienced rapid urban development leading to land subsidence as well as environmental concerns in recent years. Although a few studies have analyzed the land subsidence of Wuhan based on ALOS-1, Envisat, and Sentinel-1 datasets, the research on long-term land subsidence is still lacking. In this study, we employed multi-temporal InSAR to investigate and reveal the spatiotemporal evolution of land subsidence over Wuhan with ALOS-1, Envisat, and Sentinel-1 images from 2007–2010, 2008–2010, 2015–2019, respectively. The results detected by InSAR were cross-validated by two independent SAR datasets, and leveling observations were applied to the calibration of InSAR-derived measurements. The correlation coefficient between the leveling and InSAR has reached 0.89. The study detected six main land subsidence zones during the monitoring period, with the maximum land subsidence velocity of −46 mm/a during the 2015–2019 analysis. Both the magnitude and the extent of the land subsidence have reduced since 2017. The causes of land subsidence are discussed in terms of urban construction, Yangtze river water level changes, and subsurface water level changes. Our results provide insight for understanding the causes of land subsidence in Wuhan and serve as reference for city management for reducing the land subsidence in Wuhan and mitigating the potential hazards.

A global water cycle reanalysis (2003–2012) merging satellite gravimetry and altimetry observations with a hydrological multi-model ensemble

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ◽

10.5194/hess-18-2955-2014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 18 (8) ◽

pp. 2955-2973 ◽

Cited By ~ 82

Author(s):

A. I. J. M. van Dijk ◽

L. J. Renzullo ◽

Y. Wada ◽

P. Tregoning

Keyword(s):

Data Assimilation ◽

Mass Loss ◽

Water Level ◽

Water Cycle ◽

Water Storage ◽

Subsurface Water ◽

Groundwater Depletion ◽

Hydrological Models ◽

Global Water Cycle ◽

Global Water

Abstract. We present a global water cycle reanalysis that merges water balance estimates derived from the Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite mission, satellite water level altimetry and off-line estimates from several hydrological models. Error estimates for the sequential data assimilation scheme were derived from available uncertainty information and the triple collocation technique. Errors in four GRACE storage products were estimated to be 11–12 mm over land areas, while errors in monthly storage changes derived from five global hydrological models were estimated to be 17–28 mm. Prior and posterior water storage estimates were evaluated against independent observations of river water level and discharge, snow water storage and glacier mass loss. Data assimilation improved or maintained agreement overall, although results varied regionally. Uncertainties were greatest in regions where glacier mass loss and subsurface storage decline are both plausible but poorly constrained. We calculated a global water budget for 2003–2012. The main changes were a net loss of polar ice caps (−342 Gt yr−1) and mountain glaciers (−230 Gt yr−1), with an additional decrease in seasonal snowpack (−18 Gt yr−1). Storage increased due to new impoundments (+16 Gt yr−1), but this was compensated by decreases in other surface water bodies (−10 Gt yr−1). If the effect of groundwater depletion (−92 Gt yr−1) is considered separately, subsurface water storage increased by +202 Gt yr−1 due particularly to increased wetness in northern temperate regions and in the seasonally wet tropics of South America and southern Africa. The reanalysis results are publicly available via www.wenfo.org/wald/.

Multi-Sensor InSAR Assessment of Ground Deformations around Lake Mead and Its Relation to Water Level Changes

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs13030406 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 406

Author(s):

Mehdi Darvishi ◽

Georgia Destouni ◽

Saeid Aminjafari ◽

Fernando Jaramillo

Keyword(s):

Water Level ◽

Surface Deformation ◽

Ground Deformation ◽

Water Storage ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Ground Surface ◽

Subsurface Water ◽

Lake Mead ◽

Ground Deformations ◽

Water Level Changes

Changes in subsurface water resources might alter the surrounding ground by generating subsidence or uplift, depending on geological and hydrogeological site characteristics. Improved understanding of the relationships between surface water storage and ground deformation is important for design and maintenance of hydraulic facilities and ground stability. Here, we construct one of the longest series of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) to date, over twenty-five years, to study the relationships between water level changes and ground surface deformation in the surroundings of Lake Mead, United States, and at the site of the Hoover Dam. We use the Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) and Permanent scatterer interferometry (PSI) techniques over 177 SAR data, encompassing different SAR sensors including ERS1/2, Envisat, ALOS (PALSAR), and Sentinel-1(S1). We perform a cross-sensor examination of the relationship between water level changes and ground displacement. We found a negative relationship between water level change and ground deformation around the reservoir that was consistent across all sensors. The negative relationship was evident from the long-term changes in water level and deformation occurring from 1995 to 2014, and also from the intra-annual oscillations of the later period, 2014 to 2019, both around the reservoir and at the dam. These results suggest an elastic response of the ground surface to changes in water storage in the reservoir, both at the dam site and around the reservoir. Our study illustrates how InSAR-derived ground deformations can be consistent in time across sensors, showing the potential of detecting longer time-series of ground deformation.

Particle Tracking Using Dynamic Water-Level Data

Water ◽

10.3390/w12072063 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 2063

Author(s):

Yuan Gao

Keyword(s):

Groundwater Flow ◽

Water Level ◽

Water Table ◽

Flow Direction ◽

Water Levels ◽

Subsurface Water ◽

Pressure Transducers ◽

Level Data ◽

Water Level Data ◽

Fluid Particles

The movement of fluid particles about historic subsurface releases is often governed by dynamic subsurface water levels. Motivations for tracking the movement of fluid particles include tracking the fate of subsurface contaminants and resolving the fate of water stored in subsurface aquifers. This study provides a novel method for predicting the movement of subsurface particles relying on dynamic water-level data derived from continuously recording pressure transducers. At least three wells are needed to measure water levels which are used to determine the plain of the water table. Based on Darcy’s law, particle flow pathlines at the study site are obtained using the slope of the water table. The results show that hydrologic conditions, e.g., seasonal transpiration and precipitation, influence local groundwater flow. The changes of water level in short periods caused by the hydrologic variations made the hydraulic gradient diversify considerably, thus altering the direction of groundwater flow. Although a range of groundwater flow direction and gradient with time can be observed by an initial review of water levels in rose charts, the net groundwater flow at all field sites is largely constant in one direction which is driven by the gradients with higher magnitude.

Developing land use strategies in landscapes with changing priority, the case of peatland management

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-22648 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Stephen Monteverde ◽

Mark Healy ◽

Oisín Callery

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Land Use ◽

Water Chemistry ◽

Water Level ◽

Single Point ◽

Water Flux ◽

Water Levels ◽

Mitigation Measures ◽

Subsurface Water ◽

Strong Control

Globally, peatlands experience water storage fluctuations. Seasonality was once the sole contributor of this natural water table variation, however, for many years, freshwater drainage of peatlands for agriculture, afforestation, and energy production has been prevalent. With constant changes in storage, there exists a measurable connection between subsurface water levels and solute transport in the deep layers of peatland material. Traditionally, water level modelling has benefitted environmental protection schemes with the identification of critically important areas and by implementing relevant hydraulic structures for optimal protection. Restoration and rehabilitation efforts occurring in the last several decades have occasionally highlighted results of miscalculation, whereby a peatland&#8217;s capacity to alleviate water flux effects was overestimated in degraded regions. Once a peat layer becomes dry and aerated, it decomposes, releasing nitrogen and other nutrients into the environment. Conversely, if a peatland is inundated beyond its storage capacity, aggregates of peat and vegetation become suspended within the excess water, signifying the potential for an increased methane flux.In spite of an ideal water level, one that satisfies a degraded condition while preventing excess flooding, research must continue to expand upon land use and management activities and how they affect hydrology and water quality parameters across a given peatland. To quantify geochemical and hydrological properties given the scale of highly variable peat parameters, many studies have relied on single point data to represent peatlands. Since water chemistry has a strong control on geophysics in peatland environments, a remote sensing technique was used in this study to qualitatively describe the surface of a cutaway peatland. Qualitative analysis of the study site describes soil moisture and peat depth through a geophysical interpretation and an ability to detect gamma radiation.Remote sensing data, acquired by the Geological Survey Ireland, was used to capture radiometric variation at the study site. The airborne survey data was used to identify suitable locations on the study site in which to collect representative soil cores, which were then brought to the laboratory for analysis. The results from laboratory-based hydrological testing of these cores will be used to quantify the impacts of various water management regimes on site. By combining geophysical analysis with laboratory measurements of soil and water chemistry, there is an opportunity for improving upon the development of suitable mitigation measures.

EFFECT OF THE VEGETATION AND SUBSURFACE WATER LEVEL ON NITROGEN REMOVAL IN A FIVE-STAGE VERTICAL FLOW CONSTRUCTED WETLAND

Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers Ser G (Environmental Research) ◽

10.2208/jscejer.69.iii_105 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 69 (7) ◽

pp. III_105-III_111

Author(s):

Kazunori Nakano ◽

Hongii Cui ◽

Kazunori Nakamura ◽

Tokuo Yano ◽

Yoshio Aikawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Level ◽

Nitrogen Removal ◽

Constructed Wetland ◽

Subsurface Water ◽

Vertical Flow ◽

Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland

Development Environments and Factors of Subsidence Dolines

Geosciences ◽

10.3390/geosciences11120513 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 513

Author(s):

Márton Veress

Keyword(s):

Water Level ◽

Climatic Factors ◽

Anthropogenic Impacts ◽

Subsurface Water ◽

Anthropogenic Activity ◽

Development Environment ◽

Secondary Porosity ◽

Water Influx ◽

Dry Seasons ◽

Favorable Conditions

This study describes the development environments of subsidence dolines based on literary data (development environments create favorable conditions for the local denudation of superficial deposit and thus, for the development of depressions). Development environments are the inclination of the bearing surface, the secondary porosity of the bedrock, the characteristics of the cover, water influx into the cover, karstwater and groundwater, melting permafrost, and anthropogenic activity. These may become optimal when controlled by various geological, geomorphological, and climatic factors. Development environments may be qualitative (there is doline development in case of its presence) and quantitative (doline development occurs in case of suitable quantitative values). The development environment groups of subsidence dolines are environment groups independent of water level, environment groups dependent on water level, and anthropogenic environment groups. In the case of an environment group independent of water level, surface morphology, cover characteristics, geomorphic evolution, and water supply are determining, while in case of an environment group dependent of water level, subsurface water level and its fluctuations and the characteristics of rainfalls interrupting dry seasons are crucial. Anthropogenic impacts mainly affect doline development through water balance.