EFFECT OF LIGHT AND WATER-STRESS ON PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND BIOMASS PRODUCTION IN BOLTONIA DECURRENS (ASTERACEAE), A THREATENED SPECIES

1993 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
pp. 859-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Smith ◽  
Yajun Wu ◽  
Olivia Green
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Boltonia Decurrens ◽  
Effect Of Light

Short-term warming and water stress affect Panicum maximum Jacq. stoichiometric homeostasis and biomass production

2019 ◽  
Vol 681 ◽  
pp. 267-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilier Olivera Viciedo ◽  
Renato de Mello Prado ◽  
Carlos Alberto Martínez ◽  
Eduardo Habermann ◽  
Marisa de Cássia Piccolo
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Short Term

Physiological and morphological responses to water stress in Aegilops biuncialis and Triticum aestivum genotypes with differing tolerance to drought

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
István Molnár ◽  
László Gáspár ◽  
Éva Sárvári ◽  
Sándor Dulai ◽  
Borbála Hoffmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Wheat Genotypes

The physiological and morphological responses to water stress induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG) or by withholding water were investigated in Aegilops biuncialis Vis. genotypes differing in the annual rainfall of their habitat (1050, 550 and 225 mm year–1) and in Triticum aestivum L. wheat genotypes differing in drought tolerance. A decrease in the osmotic pressure of the nutrient solution from –0.027 to –1.8 MPa resulted in significant water loss, a low degree of stomatal closure and a decrease in the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) in Aegilops genotypes originating from dry habitats, while in wheat genotypes high osmotic stress increased stomatal closure, resulting in a low level of water loss and high Ci. Nevertheless, under saturating light at normal atmospheric CO2 levels, the rate of CO2 assimilation was higher for the Aegilops accessions, under high osmotic stress, than for the wheat genotypes. Moreover, in the wheat genotypes CO2 assimilation exhibited less or no O2 sensitivity. These physiological responses were manifested in changes in the growth rate and biomass production, since Aegilops (Ae550, Ae225) genotypes retained a higher growth rate (especially in the roots), biomass production and yield formation after drought stress than wheat. These results indicate that Aegilops genotypes, originating from a dry habitat have better drought tolerance than wheat, making them good candidates for improving the drought tolerance of wheat through intergeneric crossing.

scholarly journals Assimilation of Sentinel-2 Estimated LAI into a Crop Model: Influence of Timing and Frequency of Acquisitions on Simulation of Water Stress and Biomass Production of Winter Wheat

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1813
Author(s):  
Andreas Tewes ◽  
Carsten Montzka ◽  
Manuel Nolte ◽  
Gunther Krauss ◽  
Holger Hoffmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Crop Model ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Sentinel 2

The Sentinel-2 (S2) Toolbox permits for the automated retrieval of leaf area index (LAI). LAI assimilation into crop simulation models could aid to improve the prediction accuracy for biomass at field level. We investigated if the combined effects of assimilation date and corresponding growth stage plus observational frequency have an impact on the crop model-based simulation of water stress and biomass production. We simulated winter wheat growth in nine fields in Germany over two years. S2 LAI estimations for each field were categorized into three phases, depending on the development stage of the crop at acquisition date (tillering, stem elongation, booting to flowering). LAI was assimilated in every possible combinational setup using the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF). We evaluated the performance of the simulations based on the comparison of measured and simulated aboveground biomass at harvest. The results showed that the effects on water stress remained largely limited, because it mostly occurred after we stopped LAI assimilation. With regard to aboveground biomass, we found that the assimilation of only one LAI estimate from either the tillering or the booting to flowering stage resulted in simulated biomass values similar or closer to measured values than in those where more than one LAI estimate from the stem elongation phase were assimilated. LAI assimilation after the tillering phase might therefore be not necessarily required, as it may not lead to the desired improvement effect.

Biomass production, photosynthesis, and leaf water relations of Spartina alterniflora under moderate water stress

2008 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamel Hessini ◽  
Mohamed Ghandour ◽  
Ali Albouchi ◽  
Abdelaziz Soltani ◽  
Koyro Hans Werner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Spartina Alterniflora ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Water Relations ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Leaf Water Relations

scholarly journals Potential Impacts of Water Stress on Rice Biomass Composition and Feedstock Availability for Bioenergy Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 10449
Author(s):  
Nurda Hussain ◽  
Mukhtar Ahmed ◽  
Saowapa Duangpan ◽  
Tajamul Hussain ◽  
Juntakan Taweekun
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Biomass Composition ◽  
Biomass Feedstock ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Biomass Quality ◽  
Bioenergy Production ◽  
Feedstock Availability ◽  
The Impact

Bioenergy from rice biomass feedstock is considered one of the potential clean energy resources and several small biomass-based powerplants have been established in rice–growing areas of Thailand. Rice production is significantly affected by drought occurrence which results in declined biomass production and quality. The impact of water stress (WS) was evaluated on six rice cultivars for biomass quality, production and bioenergy potential. Rice cultivars were experimented on in the field under well–watered (WW) and WS conditions. Data for biomass contributing parameters were collected at harvest whereas rice biomass samples were analyzed for proximate and lignocellulosic contents. Results indicated that WS negatively influenced crop performance resulting in 11–41% declined biomass yield (BY). Stability assessment indicated that cultivars Hom Pathum and Dum Ja were stress–tolerant as they exhibited smaller reductions by 11% in their BY under WS. Statistics for proximate components indicated a significant negative impact influencing biomass quality as ash contents of Hom Chan, Dum Ja and RD-15 were increased by 4–29%. Lignocellulosic analysis indicated, an increase in lignin contents of Hom Nang Kaew, Hom Pathum, Dum Ja and RD–15 ranging 7–39%. Reduced biomass production resulted in a 10–42% reduction in bioenergy potential (E). Results proved that cultivation of stress-susceptible cultivars or farmer’s choice and occurrence of WS during crop growth will reduce biomass production, biomass feedstock availability to biomass-based powerplants and affect powerplant’s conversion efficiency resulting in declined bioenergy production.

scholarly journals Modelling soil water content and grapevine growth and development with the stics crop-soil model under two different water management strategies

OENO One ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Héctor Valdés-Gómez ◽  
Florian Celette ◽  
Iñaki García de Cortázar-Atauri ◽  
Francisco Jara-Rojas ◽  
Samuel Ortega-Farías ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Production Yield ◽  
Area Index

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background and aims</strong>: Many models have been developed to evaluate crop growth and development, but few are capable of simulating grapevine systems. The present study was carried out to evaluate the ability of the STICS model to represent grapevine phenology, biomass production, yield and soil water content in two situations differing with respect to rainfall distribution and water management strategies.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: Simulations were performed for an irrigated vineyard in Chile and an irrigated and a non-irrigated vineyard in France. The crop model gave a good estimation of the main stages of grapevine phenology (less than six days difference between simulated and observed values). Soil water content was the best simulated variable (R2 = 0.99), whereas grapevine evapotranspiration observed only in Chile (R2 = 0.43) and leaf area index observed only in France (R2= 0.80) were the worst simulated variables. Biomass production, yield and their components were correctly simulated (within the 95 % Student confidence interval around the mean observed value). A comparison of the fraction of transpirable soil water and vine water potential measurements with the water stress indices calculated by the STICS model showed that the time and duration of the grapevine water stress period was correctly estimated.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusions</strong>: Therefore, the STICS model was reasonably successful in simulating vine growth and development, and identifying critical periods concerning the vine water status.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Significance of the study</strong>: The STICS model can be used to evaluate various water management strategies and their impacts on grape production.</p>

scholarly journals Stress-induced carbon starvation in Rhizophora mucronata Lam. seedlings under conditions of prolonged submergence and water deficiency: Survive or succumb

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-162
Author(s):  
Arachchilage Kodikara ◽  
Pulukkutige Loku ◽  
Pathmasiri Ranasinghe ◽  
Madarasinghe Kanishka ◽  
Farid Dahdouh-Guebas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Carbon Starvation ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Treatment Level ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Rhizophora Mucronata ◽  
Mangrove Plants ◽  
Total Starch

The behaviour of carbohydrate metabolism in a plant, particularly its total starch content, total soluble sugar (TSS) content and their utilisation, is of great importance in coping with abiotic stress conditions. With this in mind, we studied total starch and TSS contents, survival, growth, biomass accumulation and stomatal conductance in Rhizophora mucronata under conditions of prolonged submergence and water stress for a period of 11 months. The experiment was designed in such a way as to include three replicates per each treatment level, about 1600 young mangrove plants being subjected to study in the process. Under conditions of prolonged submergence and high levels of water stress, a small number of mangrove plants survived and they were promptly exhausted due to higher starch utilisation rates (0.75-1.05% dry mass/month). Although TSS content was increased under these intense stress conditions, it was not matched by increased seedling growth or biomass production; instead, a significant reduction in growth (i.e., ~78%) and dry matter content was observed in stressed seedlings as compared to young plants in the respective controls. It follows that the intense increase of TSS content might be due to the direct conversion of starch to soluble sugars in order to produce metabolic energy for tolerance mechanisms like osmoregulation and root anatomical adaptations under stress conditions. This indicates that more energy is allocated for plant maintenance than for growth and biomass production under stress conditions, which might be a good acclimatory strategy to rescue young mangrove plants at the early phase. However, stomatal closure under stress conditions may have caused restricted photosynthesis. Therefore, stress-induced starch degradation may upsurge, which in turn might lead in the long-run to carbon starvation, a condition lethal to mangrove seedlings.

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