Acetylator Phenotype in Relation to Age and Gender in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging

ObjectiveTo test whether minimum income for healthy living of a person aged 65 years or older (MIHL65) is associated with frailty in older adults.Design and settingSecondary analysis of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, a multiwave prospective cohort study in England, UK.ParticipantsA subset (n=1342) of English Longitudinal Study of Ageing participants, who at wave 1 in 2002 were aged 65 years or older, without any limiting long-standing illnesses, and who had the information required to calculate MIHL65in 2002, 2004 and 2006 and two measures of frailty in 2008.Main outcome measuresFrailty defined using Fried’s phenotype criteria and Rockwood’s Index of deficits.ResultsThe odds of frailty in 2008 were significantly higher for participants living below MIHL65in 2002, both on Fried’s phenotype criteria (OR 2.56, 95% CI 1.57 to 4.19) and Rockwood’s Index (OR 2.83, 95% CI 1.74 to 4.60). These associations remained after adjustment for age and gender for both Fried’s phenotype (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.18 to 2.90) and Rockwood’s Index (OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.38 to 3.35). Compared with those whose income during 2002–2006 was always above MIHL65, the odds of frailty in 2008 for those below MIHL65were two-to-three times higher, with a tendency for the ORs to increase in line with the length of time spent below MIHL65(ORs (95% CIs) were: Fried’s phenotype, below MIHL65once: 2.02 (1.23 to 3.34); twice: 2.52 (1.37 to 4.62); thrice: 3.53 (1.65 to 7.55). Rockwood’s Index: once: 2.34 (1.41 to 3.86); twice: 3.06 (1.64 to 5.71); thrice: 2.56 (1.22 to 5.34)). These associations remained after adjustment for age and gender on Rockwood’s Index, but not Fried’s phenotype.ConclusionsThese results provide some support for the idea that frailty at older ages is associated with not having sufficient income to lead a healthy life.

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The influence of age and gender on the immune system: a longitudinal study in Labrador Retriever dogs

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology ◽

10.1016/s0165-2427(01)00336-1 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 82 (1-2) ◽

pp. 57-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

E.H Greeley ◽

J.M Ballam ◽

J.M Harrison ◽

R.D Kealy ◽

D.F Lawler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Labrador Retriever ◽

Age And Gender ◽

System A ◽

And Gender

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A longitudinal study of age- and gender-related annual rate of volume changes in regional gray matter in healthy adults

Human Brain Mapping ◽

10.1002/hbm.22067 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 34 (9) ◽

pp. 2292-2301 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Yasuyuki Taki ◽

Benjamin Thyreau ◽

Shigeo Kinomura ◽

Kazunori Sato ◽

Ryoi Goto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

Gray Matter ◽

Healthy Adults ◽

Annual Rate ◽

Volume Changes ◽

Age And Gender ◽

And Gender

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Socioeconomic and lifestyle factors associated with hearing loss in older adults: a cross-sectional study of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA)

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031030 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. e031030 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dialechti Tsimpida ◽

Evangelos Kontopantelis ◽

Darren Ashcroft ◽

Maria Panagioti

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Hearing Loss ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Lifestyle Factors ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Risk Level ◽

Age And Gender ◽

And Gender ◽

English Longitudinal Study ◽

Modifiable Lifestyle Factors

ObjectivesAims were (1) to examine whether socioeconomic position (SEP) is associated with hearing loss (HL) among older adults in England and (2) whether major modifiable lifestyle factors (high body mass index, physical inactivity, tobacco consumption and alcohol intake above the low-risk-level guidelines) are associated with HL after controlling for non-modifiable demographic factors and SEP.SettingWe used data from the wave 7 of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, which is a longitudinal household survey dataset of a representative sample of people aged 50 and older.ParticipantsThe final analytical sample was 8529 participants aged 50–89 that gave consent to have their hearing acuity objectively measured by a screening audiometry device and did not have any ear infection.Primary and secondary outcome measuresHL defined as >35 dBHL at 3.0 kHz (better-hearing ear). Those with HL were further subdivided into two categories depending on the number of tones heard at 3.0 kHz.ResultsHL was identified in 32.1% of men and 22.3% of women aged 50–89. Those in a lower SEP were up to two times more likely to have HL; the adjusted odds of HL were higher for those with no qualifications versus those with a degree/higher education (men: OR 1.87, 95%CI 1.47 to 2.38, women: OR 1.53, 95%CI 1.21 to 1.95), those in routine/manual occupations versus those in managerial/professional occupations (men: OR 1.92, 95%CI 1.43 to 2.63, women: OR 1.25, 95%CI 1.03 to 1.54), and those in the lowest versus the highest income and wealth quintiles (men: OR 1.62, 95%CI 1.08 to 2.44, women: OR 1.36, 95%CI 0.85 to 2.16, and men: OR1.72, 95%CI 1.26 to 2.35, women: OR 1.88, 95%CI 1.37 to 2.58, respectively). All regression models showed that socioeconomic and the modifiable lifestyle factors were strongly associated with HL after controlling for age and gender.ConclusionsSocioeconomic and lifestyle factors are associated with HL among older adults as strongly as core demographic risk factors, such as age and gender. Socioeconomic inequalities and modifiable lifestyle behaviours need to be targeted by the health policy strategies, as an important step in designing interventions for individuals that face hearing health inequalities.

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The Relationship between Binge Drinking and Metabolic Syndrome Components amongst Young Adults Aged 21 to 31 Years: Ellisras Longitudinal Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17207484 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (20) ◽

pp. 7484

Author(s):

Kotsedi Daniel Monyeki ◽

Hlengani James Siweya ◽

Han C. G. Kemper ◽

Andre P. Kengne ◽

Geofrey Musinguzi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Young Adults ◽

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Binge Drinking ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Age And Gender ◽

And Gender ◽

The Relationship

Background: Evidence is lacking on the effects of binge alcohol consumption on metabolic syndrome in the rural South African population. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between binge drinking and components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) amongst Ellisras rural young adults aged 21 to 31 years who are part of the Ellisras Longitudinal Study. Methods: Logistic regression analysis was applied to a total of 624 participants (306 males and 318 females) aged 21 to 31 years who took part in the Ellisras Longitudinal Study (ELS). The model was adjusted for covariates, including smoking, age, and gender. Binge alcohol consumption was assessed using a standardised questionnaire that was validated for the Ellisras rural community. A standardised method of determining the components MetS was used after fasting blood samples were collected from all the participants. Results: Binge drinking remained significantly associated with low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (OR = 2.64, 95% CI = 1.23–5.65), after being adjusted for smoking, age, and gender. Other MetS components were not predicted. Instead, gender remained significantly associated with all MetS components, except triglycerides, at multivariate analysis. Age retained significance at multivariate analysis with waist girth (OR = 2.13, 95% CI = 1.37–3.34), triglycerides (OR = 2.30, 95% CI = 1.05–5.02), and the MetS composite (OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.12–2.41). Conclusion: Binge drinking was significantly associated with lower levels of HDL-C. Future studies should investigate the relationship between alcohol abuse and the components of incident MetS in this population.

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1058Association between loneliness and residential green space: a longitudinal study of Australian adults

International Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/ije/dyab168.041 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Thomas Astell-burt ◽

Xiaoqi Feng

Keyword(s):

Public Policy ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Green Space ◽

Multilevel Models ◽

Premature Death ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Lower Odds ◽

Policy Responses ◽

And Gender

Abstract Background Loneliness, a condition associated with premature death, is estimated to affect 1 in 4 Australian adults. Evidence to inform public policy responses is needed. The UK’s loneliness strategy suggested more green space is part of the solution, based on cross-sectional evidence. Methods Association between incident loneliness over five years with respect to residential green space exposure within 1600m, 800m and 400m was assessed using multilevel models adjusting for potential socioeconomic and demographic confounders. The sample was restricted to adults living in major cities in Australia who did not report feeling lonely at baseline. Results Incidence of loneliness was 12% (820/6017) in a sample with a mean age of 44 (range 15-93), 53% female. Adjusting for age and gender, lower odds of incident loneliness were reported in areas with 10% higher green space provision within 1600m (OR = 0.90, 95%CI 0.83-0.96) and within 800m (0.93, 0.88-0.99), but not within 400m. Adjustment for income, education, couple status, ancestry and children attenuated association with green space within 800m, but association with green space within 1600m remained (0.90, 0.85-0.97). This association also remained after adjustment for neighbourhood disadvantage and personality traits and was stronger for people living on their own. Conclusions The odds of incident loneliness appear lower among adults with more green space within 1600m Key messages Strategies to increase green space provision within 1600m in cities may support prevention of loneliness in adults and especially those living on their own.

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