scholarly journals The dentin phosphoprotein repeat region and inherited defects of dentin

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Yang ◽  
Kazuhiko Kawasaki ◽  
Moses Lee ◽  
Bryan M. Reid ◽  
Stephanie M. Nunez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeat Region ◽  
Dentin Phosphoprotein

Presence of markers for virulence in the unique short region or repeat region or both of pseudorabies hybrid viruses.

1985 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Berns ◽  
A van den Ouweland ◽  
W Quint ◽  
J van Oirschot ◽  
A Gielkens
Keyword(s):  
Repeat Region ◽  
Short Region

scholarly journals GAA Trinucleotide Repeat Region Regulates M9/pMGA Gene Expression in Mycoplasma gallisepticum

2000 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 871-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Liu ◽  
Kevin Dybvig ◽  
Victor S. Panangala ◽  
Vicky L. van Santen ◽  
Christopher T. French
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Trinucleotide Repeat ◽  
Mycoplasma Gallisepticum ◽  
Avian Host ◽  
Phase Variable ◽  
Repeat Region ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Promoter Regions ◽  
Variable Expression ◽  
Gaa Repeats

ABSTRACT Mycoplasma gallisepticum, the cause of chronic respiratory infections in the avian host, possesses a family of M9/pMGA genes encoding an adhesin(s) associated with hemagglutination. Nucleotide sequences of M9/pMGA gene family members indicate extensive sequence similarity in the promoter regions of both the transcribed and silent genes. The mechanism that regulates M9/pMGA gene expression is unknown, but studies have revealed an apparent correlation between gene expression and the number of tandem GAA repeat motifs located upstream of the putative promoter. In this study, transposon Tn4001was used as a vector with the Escherichia coli lacZ gene as the reporter system to examine the role of the GAA repeats in M9/pMGA gene expression in M. gallisepticum. A 336-bp M9 gene fragment (containing the GAA repeat region, the promoter, and the translation start codon) was amplified by PCR, ligated with alacZ gene from E. coli, and inserted into the Tn4001-containing plasmid pISM2062. This construct was transformed into M. gallisepticum PG31. Transformants were filter cloned on agar supplemented with 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-β-d-galactopyranoside (X-Gal) to monitor lacZ gene expression on the basis of blue/white color selection. Several cycles of filter cloning resulted in cell lineages in which lacZ gene expression alternated between the On and Off states in successive generations of progeny clones. The promoter regions of the M9-lacZ hybrid genes of individual progeny clones were amplified by PCR and sequenced. The only differences between the promoter regions of the blue and white colonies were in the number of GAA repeats. Clones that expressedlacZ had exactly 12 tandem copies of the GAA repeat. Clones that did not express lacZ invariably had either more than 12 (14 to 16) or fewer than 12 (5 to 11) GAA repeats. Southern analysis of M. gallisepticum chromosomal DNA confirmed that the phase-variable expression of the lacZ reporter gene was not caused by Tn4001 transposition. These data strongly indicate that changes in the length of the GAA repeat region are responsible for regulating M9/pMGA gene expression.

scholarly journals Diversity of 3′ variable region of cagA gene in Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from Chinese population

Gut Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijing Xue ◽  
Yuanhai You ◽  
Lihua He ◽  
Yanan Gong ◽  
Lu Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Repeat Region ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Epiya Motifs

Abstract Background The cytotoxin-associated gene A (cagA) is one of the most important virulence factors of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). There is a highly polymorphic Glu-Pro-Ile-Tyr-Ala (EPIYA) repeat region in the C-terminal of CagA protein. This repeat region is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the diversity of cagA 3′ variable region and the amino acid polymorphisms in the EPIYA segments of the CagA C-terminal region of H. pylori, and their association with gastroduodenal diseases. Methods A total of 515 H. pylori strains from patients in 14 different geographical regions of China were collected. The genomic DNA from each strain was extracted and the cagA 3′ variable region was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR products were sequenced and analyzed using MEGA 7.0 software. Results A total of 503 (97.7%) H. pylori strains were cagA-positive and 1,587 EPIYA motifs were identified, including 12 types of EPIYA or EPIYA-like sequences. In addition to the four reported major segments, several rare segments (e.g., B′, B″ and D′) were defined and 20 different sequence types (e.g., ABD, ABC) were found in our study. A total of 481 (95.6%) strains carried the East Asian type CagA, and the ABD subtypes were most prevalent (82.1%). Only 22 strains carried the Western type CagA, which included AC, ABC, ABCC and ABCCCC subtypes. The CagA-ABD subtype had statistical difference in different geographical regions (P = 0.006). There were seven amino acid polymorphisms in the sequences surrounding the EPIYA motifs, among which amino acids 893 and 894 had a statistical difference with gastric cancer (P = 0.004). Conclusions In this study, 503 CagA sequences were studied and analyzed in depth. In Chinese population, most H. pylori strains were of the CagA-ABD subtype and its presence was associated with gastroduodenal diseases. Amino acid polymorphisms at residues 893 and 894 flanking the EPIYA motifs had a statistically significant association with gastric cancer.

scholarly journals Patterns of variation in the rDNA cistron within and among world populations of a mosquito, Aedes albopictus (Skuse).

Genetics ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-550
Author(s):  
W C Black ◽  
D K McLain ◽  
K S Rai
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Restriction Map ◽  
Repeat Region ◽  
Molecular Drive ◽  
Nontranscribed Spacer ◽  
Coding Regions ◽  
The World ◽  
Ribosomal Cistron

Abstract A restriction map was constructed of the ribosomal cistron in a mosquito, Aedes albopictus (Skuse). The 18s, 28s and nontranscribed spacer (NTS) regions were subcloned and used to probe for intraspecific variation. Seventeen populations were examined throughout the world range of the species. No variation was detected in the coding regions but extensive and continuous variation existed in the NTS. The NTS consisted of two nonhomologous regions. The first region contained multiple 190-bp AluI repeats nested within larger XhoI repeats of various sizes. There was a large number of length variants in the AluI repeat region of the NTS. No repeats were found in the second region and it gave rise to relatively fewer variants. An analysis of NTS diversity in individual mosquitoes indicated that most of the diversity arose at the population level. Discriminant analysis was performed on spacer types in individual mosquitoes and demonstrated that individuals within a population carried a unique set of spacers. In contrast with studies of the NTS in Drosophila populations, there seems to be little conservation of spacers in a population. The importance of molecular drive relative to drift and selection in the generation of local population differentiation is discussed.

scholarly journals OC125, M11 and OV197 Epitopes Are Not Uniformly Distributed in the Tandem-Repeat Region of CA125 and Require the Entire SEA Domain

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Bressan ◽  
Francesca Bozzo ◽  
Carlo Alberto Maggi ◽  
Monica Binaschi
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Tandem Repeat ◽  
Blot Analysis ◽  
Western Blot Analysis ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽  
Repeat Region ◽  
Tandem Repeat Region

The human cancer antigen 125 (CA125) is over-expressed in epithelial ovarian cancer cells and it plays a role in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer. This protein presents a repeat region containing up to sixty tandem repeat units. The anti-CA125 monoclonal antibodies have been previously classified into three groups: two major families, the OC125-like antibodies and M11-like antibodies, and a third group, the OV197-like antibodies. A model in which a single repeat unit contains all the epitopes for these antibodies has been also proposed, even if their exact position is still undetermined. In the present work, the affinities of the monoclonal antibodies, representative of the three families, have been investigated for different CA125-recombinant repeats through Western blot analysis. Different patterns of antibody recognition for the recombinant repeats show that CA125 epitopes are not uniformly distributed in the tandem repeat region of the protein. The minimal region for the recognition of these antibodies has been also individuated in the SEA domain through the subcloning of deleted sequences of the highly recognized repeat-25 (R-25), their expression as recombinant fragments inE. coliand Western blot analysis. Obtained data have been further confirmed by ELISA using the entire R-25 as coating antigen.

scholarly journals Pan1p, End3p, and Sla1p, Three Yeast Proteins Required for Normal Cortical Actin Cytoskeleton Organization, Associate with Each Other and Play Essential Roles in Cell Wall Morphogenesis

2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsin-Yao Tang ◽  
Jing Xu ◽  
Mingjie Cai
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Actin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Normal Cell ◽  
Cell Cortex ◽  
Repeat Region ◽  
Cortical Actin ◽  
Cytoskeleton Organization ◽  
Eh Domain ◽  
Actin Cytoskeleton Organization ◽  
Cell Wall Morphogenesis

ABSTRACT The EH domain proteins Pan1p and End3p of budding yeast have been known to form a complex in vivo and play important roles in organization of the actin cytoskeleton and endocytosis. In this report, we describe new findings concerning the function of the Pan1p-End3p complex. First, we found that the Pan1p-End3p complex associates with Sla1p, another protein known to be required for the assembly of cortical actin structures. Sla1p interacts with the first long repeat region of Pan1p and the N-terminal EH domain of End3p, thus leaving the Pan1p-End3p interaction, which requires the second long repeat of Pan1p and the C-terminal repeat region of End3p, undisturbed. Second, Pan1p, End3p, and Sla1p are also required for normal cell wall morphogenesis. Each of the Pan1-4, sla1Δ, andend3Δ mutants displays the abnormal cell wall morphology previously reported for the act1-1 mutant. These cell wall defects are also exhibited by wild-type cells overproducing the C-terminal region of Sla1p that is responsible for interactions with Pan1p and End3p. These results indicate that the functions of Pan1p, End3p, and Sla1p in cell wall morphogenesis may depend on the formation of a heterotrimeric complex. Interestingly, the cell wall abnormalities exhibited by these cells are independent of the actin cytoskeleton organization on the cell cortex, as they manifest despite the presence of apparently normal cortical actin cytoskeleton. Examination of several act1 mutants also supports this conclusion. These observations suggest that the Pan1p-End3p-Sla1p complex is required not only for normal actin cytoskeleton organization but also for normal cell wall morphogenesis in yeast.

Methylation levels of the SCD1 gene promoter and LINE‐1 repeat region are associated with weight change: An intervention study

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 1528-1536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gracia María Martín‐Núñez ◽  
Rebeca Cabrera‐Mulero ◽  
Elehazara Rubio‐Martín ◽  
Gemma Rojo‐Martínez ◽  
Gabriel Olveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Change ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
Repeat Region

scholarly journals Microevolution of the Direct Repeat Region of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Implications for Interpretation of Spoligotyping Data

2002 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 4457-4465 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Warren ◽  
E. M. Streicher ◽  
S. L. Sampson ◽  
G. D. van der Spuy ◽  
M. Richardson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Direct Repeat ◽  
Repeat Region

Copper complex species within a fragment of the N-terminal repeat region in opossum PrP protein

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 2441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura I. Vagliasindi ◽  
Giuseppe Arena ◽  
Raffaele P. Bonomo ◽  
Giuseppe Pappalardo ◽  
Giovanni Tabbì
Keyword(s):  
Copper Complex ◽  
Terminal Repeat ◽  
Repeat Region ◽  
Complex Species ◽  
Terminal Repeat Region
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