Dose‐Dependent Effects of Royal Jelly on Estrogen‐ and Progesterone‐Induced Mammary Gland Hyperplasia in Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 2100355
Author(s):  
Yibing Liu ◽  
Dequn Wu ◽  
Kang Wang ◽  
Heng Chen ◽  
Hao Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Dose Dependent

Royal Jelly Reduces Melanin Synthesis Through Down-Regulation of Tyrosinase Expression

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (06) ◽  
pp. 1253-1260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Mi Han ◽  
Joo Hong Yeo ◽  
Yoon Hee Cho ◽  
Sok Cheon Pak
Keyword(s):  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Melanin Synthesis ◽  
Mrna Transcription ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Melanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Skin Whitening ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
Dose Dependent

For cosmetic reasons, the demand for effective and safe skin-whitening agents is high. Since the key enzyme in the melanin synthetic pathway is tyrosinase, many depigmenting agents in the treatment of hyperpigmentation act as tyrosinase inhibitors. In this study, we have investigated the hypo-pigmentary mechanism of royal jelly in a mouse melanocyte cell line, B16F1. Treatment of B16F1 cells with royal jelly markedly inhibited melanin biosynthesis in a dose-dependent manner. Decreased melanin content occurred through the decrease of tyrosinase activity. The mRNA levels of tyrosinase were also reduced by royal jelly. These results suggest that royal jelly reduces melanin synthesis by down-regulation of tyrosinase mRNA transcription and serves as a new candidate in the design of new skin-whitening or therapeutic agents.

scholarly journals In VitroAnti-Inflammatory Effects of Three Fatty Acids from Royal Jelly

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Fan Chen ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Yan-Zheng Zhang ◽  
Yu-Fei Zheng ◽  
Fu-Liang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Sebacic Acid ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Raw 264.7 Macrophages ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Dose Dependent

Trans-10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-H2DA), 10-hydroxydecanoic acid (10-HDAA), and sebacic acid (SEA) are the three major fatty acids in royal jelly (RJ). Previous studies have revealed several pharmacological activities of 10-H2DA and 10-HDAA, although the anti-inflammatory effects and underlying mechanisms by which SEA acts are poorly understood. In the present study, we evaluated and compared thein vitroanti-inflammatory effects of these RJ fatty acids in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The results showed that 10-H2DA, 10-HDAA, and SEA had potent, dose-dependent inhibitory effects on the release of the major inflammatory-mediators, nitric oxide, and interleukin-10, and only SEA decreased TNF-αproduction. Several key inflammatory genes have also been modulated by these RJ fatty acids, with 10-H2DA showing distinct modulating effects as compared to the other two FAs. Furthermore, we found that these three FAs regulated several proteins involved in MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Taken together, these findings provide additional references for using RJ against inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Honeybee colonies compensate for pesticide-induced effects on royal jelly composition and brood survival with increased brood production

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Schott ◽  
Maximilian Sandmann ◽  
James E. Cresswell ◽  
Matthias A. Becher ◽  
Gerrit Eichner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Brood Production ◽  
Initiation Rate ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Sublethal Doses ◽  
Dose Dependent Increase ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Colony Level

AbstractSublethal doses of pesticides affect individual honeybees, but colony-level effects are less well understood and it is unclear how the two levels integrate. We studied the effect of the neonicotinoid pesticide clothianidin at field realistic concentrations on small colonies. We found that exposure to clothianidin affected worker jelly production of individual workers and created a strong dose-dependent increase in mortality of individual larvae, but strikingly the population size of capped brood remained stable. Thus, hives exhibited short-term resilience. Using a demographic matrix model, we found that the basis of resilience in dosed colonies was a substantive increase in brood initiation rate to compensate for increased brood mortality. However, computer simulation of full size colonies revealed that the increase in brood initiation led to severe reductions in colony reproduction (swarming) and long-term survival. This experiment reveals social regulatory mechanisms on colony-level that enable honeybees to partly compensate for effects on individual level.

scholarly journals Monoclonal antibody detection of prolactin-binding subunits in the rabbit mammary gland

1988 ◽  
Vol 256 (3) ◽  
pp. 917-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Murakami ◽  
F Ike ◽  
K Kohmoto ◽  
S Sakai
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Affinity Column ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Affinity Labelling ◽  
Dose Dependent

The structure of prolactin (PRL) receptor in the rabbit mammary gland was examined using a receptor-specific monoclonal antibody (MAb). The PRL receptor preparation used was purified by making use of a PRL-affinity column. MAb inhibited the binding of PRL to the receptor, in a dose-dependent manner and completely at a high concentration. Using the receptor directly labelled by 125I, the preparation was incubated with MAbs and the immune complex was collected by Pansorbin and examined by SDS/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. The autoradiography showed that three species with apparent Mr values of 77,000, 41,000 and 25,000 specifically reacted with MAbs. The pattern changed little in the presence or absence of dithiothreitol. Western blot analysis showed that two species (Mr 77,000 and 41,000) reacted with MAb. Affinity labelling of the receptor with labelled PRL revealed three bands with Mr values of 96,000, 60,000 and 43,000 on SDS gels. The high-Mr complex (Mr greater than 200,000) was always present at the top of the gel. These results show that the mammary gland contains at least three PRL-binding subunits. The differences in Mr before and after PRL binding were close to the Mr of PRL. This would suggest that each PRL binding subunit reacts with one PRL molecule.

Lactational competence and involution of the mouse mammary gland require plasminogen

Development ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 127 (20) ◽  
pp. 4481-4492 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.R. Lund ◽  
S.F. Bjorn ◽  
M.D. Sternlicht ◽  
B.S. Nielsen ◽  
H. Solberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinases ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Mammary Gland Development ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Mouse Mammary Gland ◽  
Type Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Urokinase Type Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Gland Development ◽  
Dose Dependent

Urokinase-type plasminogen activator expression is induced in the mouse mammary gland during development and post-lactational involution. We now show that primiparous plasminogen-deficient (Plg(−/−)) mice have seriously compromised mammary gland development and involution. All mammary glands were underdeveloped and one-quarter of the mice failed to lactate. Although the glands from lactating Plg(−/−) mice were initially smaller, they failed to involute after weaning, and in most cases they failed to support a second litter. Alveolar regression was markedly reduced and a fibrotic stroma accumulated in Plg(−/−) mice. Nevertheless, urokinase and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were upregulated normally in involuting glands of Plg(−/−) mice, and fibrin did not accumulate in the glands. Heterozygous Plg(+/−) mice exhibited haploinsufficiency, with a definite, but less severe mammary phenotype. These data demonstrate a critical, dose-dependent requirement for Plg in lactational differentiation and mammary gland remodeling during involution.

scholarly journals TGF beta suppresses casein synthesis in mouse mammary explants and may play a role in controlling milk levels during pregnancy.

1993 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
S D Robinson ◽  
A B Roberts ◽  
C W Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Tgf Beta ◽  
Pregnant Mice ◽  
Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Beta 2 ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Casein Synthesis

Mammary explants from 14-15-d-pregnant mice synthesize and secrete milk proteins in culture in response to insulin, hydrocortisone, and prolactin. Here we demonstrate that transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) treatment suppresses, in a dose dependent and reversible manner, the ability of explants to synthesize and secrete milk caseins. TGF beta does not affect the level of casein mRNA within explants but inhibits casein synthesis posttranscriptionally. We also show increased expression of TGF beta 2 and TGF beta 3 in intact mammary gland as pregnancy progresses, with reduced expression of all three TGF betas at the onset of lactation. These findings suggest that endogenously produced TGF beta may limit the accumulation of milk caseins that are produced in the mammary gland during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Loss of Singleminded-2s in the Mouse Mammary Gland Induces an Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Associated with Up-Regulation of Slug and Matrix Metalloprotease 2

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1936-1946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Laffin ◽  
Elizabeth Wellberg ◽  
Hyeong-Il Kwak ◽  
Robert C. Burghardt ◽  
Richard P. Metz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Mouse Mammary Gland ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Mcf7 Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Ductal Development ◽  
Mcf 7

ABSTRACT The short splice variant of the basic helix-loop-helix Per-Arnt-Sim transcription factor Singleminded-2, SIM2s, has been implicated in development and is frequently lost or reduced in primary breast tumors. Here, we show that loss of Sim2s causes aberrant mouse mammary gland ductal development with features suggestive of malignant transformation, including increased proliferation, loss of polarity, down-regulation of E-cadherin, and invasion of the surrounding stroma. Additionally, knockdown of SIM2s in MCF-7 breast cancer cells contributed to an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and increased tumorigenesis. In both Sim2−/− mammary glands and SIM2s-depleted MCF7 cells, these changes were associated with increased SLUG and MMP2 levels. SIM2s protein was detectable on the SLUG promoter, and overexpression of SIM2s repressed expression from a SLUG-controlled reporter in a dose-dependent manner. To our knowledge, SIM2s is the first protein shown to bind and repress the SLUG promoter, providing a plausible explanation for the development role and breast tumor-suppressive activity of SIM2s. Together, our results suggest that SIM2s is a key regulator of mammary-ductal development and that loss of SIM2s expression is associated with an invasive, EMT-like phenotype.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document