scholarly journals Are Perfectionism Dimensions Vulnerability Factors for Depressive Symptoms after Controlling for Neuroticism? A Meta–analysis of 10 Longitudinal Studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin M. Smith ◽  
Simon B. Sherry ◽  
Katerina Rnic ◽  
Donald H. Saklofske ◽  
Murray Enns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Vulnerability Factors ◽  
Premorbid Personality ◽  
Personal Standards ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Socially Prescribed Perfectionism ◽  
Concern Over Mistakes

Extensive evidence suggests neuroticism is a higher–order personality trait that overlaps substantially with perfectionism dimensions and depressive symptoms. Such evidence raises an important question: Which perfectionism dimensions are vulnerability factors for depressive symptoms after controlling for neuroticism? To address this, a meta–analysis of research testing whether socially prescribed perfectionism, concern over mistakes, doubts about actions, personal standards, perfectionistic attitudes, self–criticism and self–oriented perfectionism predict change in depressive symptoms, after controlling for baseline depression and neuroticism, was conducted. A literature search yielded 10 relevant studies (N = 1,758). Meta–analysis using random–effects models revealed that all seven perfectionism dimensions had small positive relationships with follow–up depressive symptoms beyond baseline depression and neuroticism. Perfectionism dimensions appear neither redundant with nor captured by neuroticism. Results lend credence and coherence to theoretical accounts and empirical studies suggesting perfectionism dimensions are part of the premorbid personality of people vulnerable to depressive symptoms. Copyright © 2016 European Association of Personality Psychology

Can Psychological Interventions Reduce Perfectionism? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 705-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Lloyd ◽  
Ulrike Schmidt ◽  
Mizanur Khondoker ◽  
Kate Tchanturia
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Personal Standards ◽  
Socially Prescribed Perfectionism ◽  
Concern Over Mistakes ◽  
Meta Analyses

Background:Perfectionism is implicated in a range of psychiatric disorders, impedes treatment and is associated with poorer treatment outcomes.Aims:The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to summarize the existing evidence for psychological interventions targeting perfectionism in individuals with psychiatric disorders associated with perfectionism and/or elevated perfectionism.Method: Eight studies were identified and were analysed in meta-analyses. Meta-analyses were carried out for the Personal Standards and Concern over Mistakes subscales of the Frost Multi-Dimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS) and the Self Orientated Perfectionism and Socially Prescribed Perfectionism subscales of the Hewitt and Flett MPS (HMPS) in order to investigate change between pre and postintervention.Results:Large pooled effect sizes were found for the Personal Standards and Concern over Mistakes subscales of the FMPS and the Self Orientated Perfectionism subscale of the HMPS, whilst a medium sized effect was found for change in Socially Prescribed Perfectionism. Medium pooled effect sizes were also found for symptoms of anxiety and depression.Conclusions:There is some support that it is possible to significantly reduce perfectionism in individuals with clinical disorders associated with perfectionism and/or clinical levels of perfectionism. There is also some evidence that such interventions are associated with decreases in anxiety, depression, eating disorder and obsessive compulsive symptoms. Further research is needed in order to investigate the optimal dosage and format of such interventions as well as into specific disorders where there is a lack of evidence for their effectiveness.

scholarly journals Perfectionism and the Five-Factor Model of Personality: A Meta-Analytic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin M. Smith ◽  
Simon B. Sherry ◽  
Vanja Vidovic ◽  
Donald H. Saklofske ◽  
Joachim Stoeber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Personal Standards ◽  
Socially Prescribed Perfectionism ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
High Standards ◽  
Concern Over Mistakes

Over 25 years of research suggests an important link between perfectionism and personality traits included in the five-factor model (FFM). However, inconsistent findings, underpowered studies, and a plethora of perfectionism scales have obscured understanding of how perfectionism fits within the FFM. We addressed these limitations by conducting the first meta-analytic review of the relationships between perfectionism dimensions and FFM traits ( k = 77, N = 24,789). Meta-analysis with random effects revealed perfectionistic concerns (socially prescribed perfectionism, concern over mistakes, doubts about actions, and discrepancy) were characterized by neuroticism ([Formula: see text] = .50), low agreeableness ([Formula: see text] = −.26), and low extraversion ([Formula: see text] = −.24); perfectionistic strivings (self-oriented perfectionism, personal standards, and high standards) were characterized by conscientiousness ([Formula: see text] = .44). Additionally, several perfectionism–FFM relationships were moderated by gender, age, and the perfectionism subscale used. Findings complement theory suggesting that perfectionism has neurotic and non-neurotic dimensions. Results also underscore that the (mal)adaptiveness of perfectionistic strivings hinges on instrumentation.

scholarly journals Does Perfectionism Predict Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Life Satisfaction After Controlling for Neuroticism?

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin M. Smith ◽  
Donald H. Saklofske ◽  
Gonggu Yan ◽  
Simon B. Sherry
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Incremental Validity ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Personal Standards ◽  
Socially Prescribed Perfectionism ◽  
Collectivistic Cultures ◽  
Concern Over Mistakes

Abstract. Neuroticism overlaps substantially with several perfectionism dimensions, depression, anxiety, stress, and life satisfaction. Accordingly, research testing whether perfectionism dimensions explain unique variance in these outcomes beyond neuroticism is needed. Research on cultural differences in perfectionism is also scarce. And it is especially unclear whether the link between perfectionism and psychological distress differs across individualistic and collectivistic cultures. Our study addressed these important gaps in knowledge. A sample of undergraduates from a traditionally individualistic culture (Canada; N = 449) and a traditionally collectivistic culture (China; N = 585) completed measures of self-oriented perfectionism, personal standards, socially prescribed perfectionism, concern over mistakes, doubts about actions, depression, anxiety, stress, and satisfaction with life. To test the incremental validity of perfectionism dimensions beyond neuroticism, as well as to test potential moderating effects of culture, four hierarchical regression analyses with interactions were conducted. Results supported the explanatory power of concern over mistakes and doubts about actions, beyond neuroticism and culture, in the prediction of depression, anxiety, and stress. As the first study to explore the incremental validity of perfectionism dimensions across undergraduates from traditionally individualistic and collectivistic cultures, our research both extends and clarifies understanding of the predictive power of perfectionism in important ways.

The Longitudinal Association Between Retirement and Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wentao Li ◽  
Xin Ye ◽  
Dawei Zhu ◽  
Ping He
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Involuntary Retirement ◽  
Longitudinal Association ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The purpose of this study was to collect the evidence of the relationship between retirement and depression through meta-analysis, and further analyze the heterogeneity of results. The quality of the studies was rated based on ten predefined criteria. We searched articles published between 1980 and 2020 and a total of 25 longitudinal studies were included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis results showed that retirement was associated with more depressive symptoms (d =0.044, 95%CI 0.008 to 0.080). The association of involuntary retirement (d = 0.180, 95%CI 0.061 to 0.299) with more depressive symptoms was stronger than voluntary retirement (d = 0.086, 95%CI -0.018 to 0.190) and regulatory retirement (d = 0.009, 95%CI -0.079 to 0.097). Retirement was significantly associated with more depressive symptoms in eastern developed countries (d = 0.126, 95%CI 0.041 to 0.210), and the association was stronger than that in western developed countries (d = 0.016, 95%CI -0.023 to 0.055). These findings suggest that the transition to retirement was associated with higher risk of depression and this association varied by the type of retirement and country. Further empirical studies need to explore the mechanism of retirement and depression and whether such association was linked with socio-economic position.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of B Vitamin Supplementation on Depressive Symptoms, Anxiety, and Stress: Effects on Healthy and ‘At-Risk’ Individuals

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren M Young ◽  
Andrew Pipingas ◽  
David J White ◽  
Sarah Gauci ◽  
Andrew Scholey
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Vitamin Supplementation ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
At Risk Populations ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
B Vitamin

A systematic review and meta-analysis was undertaken to examine and quantify the effects of B vitamin supplementation on mood in both healthy and ‘at-risk’ populations. A systematic search identified all available randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of daily supplementation with ≥3 B group vitamins with an intervention period of at least four weeks. Random effects models for a standardized mean difference were used to test for overall effect. Heterogeneity was tested using the I2 statistic. Eighteen articles (16 trials, 2015 participants) were included, of which 12 were eligible for meta-analysis. Eleven of the 18 articles reported a positive effect for B vitamins over a placebo for overall mood or a facet of mood. Of the eight studies in ‘at-risk’ cohorts, five found a significant benefit to mood. Regarding individual facets of mood, B vitamin supplementation benefited stress (n = 958, SMD = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.02, 0.45, p = 0.03). A benefit to depressive symptoms did not reach significance (n = 568, SMD = 0.15, 95% CI = −0.01, 0.32, p = 0.07), and there was no effect on anxiety (n = 562, SMD = 0.03, 95% CI = −0.13, 0.20, p = 0.71). The review provides evidence for the benefit of B vitamin supplementation in healthy and at-risk populations for stress, but not for depressive symptoms or anxiety. B vitamin supplementation may particularly benefit populations who are at risk due to (1) poor nutrient status or (2) poor mood status.

Dissociation in victims of childhood abuse or neglect: a meta-analytic review

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (15) ◽  
pp. 2467-2476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruben Vonderlin ◽  
Nikolaus Kleindienst ◽  
Georg W. Alpers ◽  
Martin Bohus ◽  
Lisa Lyssenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Dissociative Symptoms ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Dissociative Experience Scale ◽  
Type Of Abuse

AbstractChildhood abuse and neglect are associated with dissociative symptoms in adulthood. However, empirical studies show heterogeneous results depending on the type of childhood abuse or neglect and other maltreatment characteristics. In this meta-analysis, we systematically investigated the relationship between childhood interpersonal maltreatment and dissociation in 65 studies with 7352 abused or neglected individuals using the Dissociative Experience Scale (DES). We extracted DES-scores for abused and non-abused populations as well as information about type of abuse/neglect, age of onset, duration of abuse, and relationship to the perpetrator. Random-effects models were used for data synthesis, and meta-regression was used to predict DES-scores in abused populations from maltreatment characteristics. The results revealed higher dissociation in victims of childhood abuse and neglect compared with non-abused or neglected subsamples sharing relevant population features (MAbuse = 23.5, MNeglect = 18.8, MControl = 13.8) with highest scores for sexual and physical abuse. An earlier age of onset, a longer duration of abuse, and parental abuse significantly predicted higher dissociation scores. This meta-analysis underlines the importance of childhood abuse/neglect in the etiology of dissociation. The identified moderators may inform risk assessment and early intervention to prevent the development of dissociative symptoms.

scholarly journals Significance of perfectionism in understanding different forms of insomnia

2012 ◽  
Vol 140 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 204-210
Author(s):  
Sanja Totic-Poznanovic ◽  
Biljana Saula-Marojevic ◽  
Mirjana Zebic
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Linear Regression Method ◽  
Parental Criticism ◽  
Personal Standards ◽  
School Of Medicine ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Method ◽  
Negative Pole ◽  
Socially Prescribed Perfectionism ◽  
Concern Over Mistakes ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Introduction. Studies consistently show a connection between perfectionism as a multidimensional construct with various psychological and psychopathological states and characteristics. However, studies that analyze the connection between this concept and sleep disturbances, especially modalities of insomnia, are rare. Objective. The aim of this study was to examine whether dimensions of perfectionism can explain different forms of insomnia; difficulties initiating sleep (insomnia early), difficulties during the sleep (insomnia middle), waking in early hours of the morning (insomnia late) and dissatisfaction with sleep quality (subjective insomnia). Methods. The sample consisted of 254 students of the School of Medicine in Belgrade. Predictive significance of nine perfectionism dimensions, measured by Frost?s and Hewitt?s and Flett?s scales of multi-dimensional perfectionism, related to four modalities of insomnia, measured by a structured questionnaire, was analyzed by multiple linear regression method. Results. Perfectionism dimensions are significant predictors of each of the tested forms of insomnia. Doubt about actions significantly predicts initial insomnia; to other-oriented perfectionism in the negative pole and socially prescribed perfectionism underlie the difficulties during the sleep, while organization and parental criticism underlie late insomnia. Significant predictors of subjective insomnia are personal standards and organization and to other-oriented perfectionism on the negative pole. Three of nine analyzed dimensions were not confirmed as significant; concern over mistakes, parental expectations and self-oriented perfectionism. Conclusion. Various aspects of perfectionism can be considered as a vulnerability factor for understanding some forms of insomnia. Out of all forms of insomnia tested, perfectionism as the personality trait proved to be the most significant for understanding subjective insomnia.

Perfectionism in the transition to university: Comparing diathesis-stress and downward spiral models of depressive symptoms

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelby L. Levine ◽  
Marina Milyavskaya
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Personal Standards ◽  
Downward Spiral ◽  
Personal Standards Perfectionism ◽  
Spiral Model ◽  
Diathesis Stress Model

Transitioning to university may be especially difficult for students who expect perfection from themselves. Self-critical perfectionism has consistently been linked to poor mental health. The current study compares a diathesis-stress and a downward spiral model, to determine why self-critical perfectionism is detrimental for mental health during this transition. First-year students (N=658) were recruited prior to beginning university in August and contacted again in October, January, and April. Participants completed measures on perfectionism, stress and depressive symptoms. Evidence was found for a downward spiral model with self-critical perfectionism, but not a diathesis-stress model. Students higher in self-critical perfectionism were more likely to experience increased stress and depressive symptoms in a circular and additive manner. Conversely, students higher in personal standards perfectionism experienced less stress and subsequent depressive symptoms. This research provides a theoretical model for why self-critical perfectionism is related to poor mental health outcomes which become sustained over time.

Perfectionism in adolescents: Self-critical perfectionism as a predictor of depressive symptoms across the school year

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelby L. Levine ◽  
Isabelle Green-Demers ◽  
Marina Milyavskaya ◽  
Kaitlyn M. Werner
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
School Students ◽  
Personal Standards ◽  
School Year ◽  
Path Modelling ◽  
Personal Standards Perfectionism

The present study examined the influence of personal standards and self-critical perfectionism on depressive and anxiety symptoms over the academic year. High-school students (N=174) were surveyed in the late Fall and early Spring, assessing perfectionism in the Fall and mental health across the year in both the Fall and Spring. Path modelling was used to examine whether self-critical and personal standards perfectionism were related to changes in mental health across the school year. Controlling for mental health at the start of the year, self-critical perfectionism predicted an increase in depressive symptoms over time, whereas personal standards perfectionism was unrelated to changes in mental health. Results support that self-critical perfectionism is detrimental to mental health in adolescents, suggesting that future interventions should focus on reducing self-critical cognitive biases in youth.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document