scholarly journals Does Perfectionism Predict Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Life Satisfaction After Controlling for Neuroticism?

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin M. Smith ◽  
Donald H. Saklofske ◽  
Gonggu Yan ◽  
Simon B. Sherry
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Incremental Validity ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Personal Standards ◽  
Socially Prescribed Perfectionism ◽  
Collectivistic Cultures ◽  
Concern Over Mistakes

Abstract. Neuroticism overlaps substantially with several perfectionism dimensions, depression, anxiety, stress, and life satisfaction. Accordingly, research testing whether perfectionism dimensions explain unique variance in these outcomes beyond neuroticism is needed. Research on cultural differences in perfectionism is also scarce. And it is especially unclear whether the link between perfectionism and psychological distress differs across individualistic and collectivistic cultures. Our study addressed these important gaps in knowledge. A sample of undergraduates from a traditionally individualistic culture (Canada; N = 449) and a traditionally collectivistic culture (China; N = 585) completed measures of self-oriented perfectionism, personal standards, socially prescribed perfectionism, concern over mistakes, doubts about actions, depression, anxiety, stress, and satisfaction with life. To test the incremental validity of perfectionism dimensions beyond neuroticism, as well as to test potential moderating effects of culture, four hierarchical regression analyses with interactions were conducted. Results supported the explanatory power of concern over mistakes and doubts about actions, beyond neuroticism and culture, in the prediction of depression, anxiety, and stress. As the first study to explore the incremental validity of perfectionism dimensions across undergraduates from traditionally individualistic and collectivistic cultures, our research both extends and clarifies understanding of the predictive power of perfectionism in important ways.

Can Psychological Interventions Reduce Perfectionism? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 705-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Lloyd ◽  
Ulrike Schmidt ◽  
Mizanur Khondoker ◽  
Kate Tchanturia
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Personal Standards ◽  
Socially Prescribed Perfectionism ◽  
Concern Over Mistakes ◽  
Meta Analyses

Background:Perfectionism is implicated in a range of psychiatric disorders, impedes treatment and is associated with poorer treatment outcomes.Aims:The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to summarize the existing evidence for psychological interventions targeting perfectionism in individuals with psychiatric disorders associated with perfectionism and/or elevated perfectionism.Method: Eight studies were identified and were analysed in meta-analyses. Meta-analyses were carried out for the Personal Standards and Concern over Mistakes subscales of the Frost Multi-Dimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS) and the Self Orientated Perfectionism and Socially Prescribed Perfectionism subscales of the Hewitt and Flett MPS (HMPS) in order to investigate change between pre and postintervention.Results:Large pooled effect sizes were found for the Personal Standards and Concern over Mistakes subscales of the FMPS and the Self Orientated Perfectionism subscale of the HMPS, whilst a medium sized effect was found for change in Socially Prescribed Perfectionism. Medium pooled effect sizes were also found for symptoms of anxiety and depression.Conclusions:There is some support that it is possible to significantly reduce perfectionism in individuals with clinical disorders associated with perfectionism and/or clinical levels of perfectionism. There is also some evidence that such interventions are associated with decreases in anxiety, depression, eating disorder and obsessive compulsive symptoms. Further research is needed in order to investigate the optimal dosage and format of such interventions as well as into specific disorders where there is a lack of evidence for their effectiveness.

scholarly journals Resiliency, Meaning in Life, and Life Satisfaction: An Examination of Moderating Effects [Resiliencia, significado en la vida y satisfacción vital: un análisis de los efectos moderadores]

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Chloe Lau Lau ◽  
Anita Feher ◽  
Claire Anne Wilson ◽  
Sarah E. Babcock ◽  
Donald H. Saklofske
Keyword(s):  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Search For Meaning ◽  
Moderating Role

While presence of meaning in life (i.e., presence) is associated with a plethora of desirable qualities (e.g., greater well-being, longevity, positive affect), search for meaning is associated with psychological distress (e.g., reports of conflict, rumination, depression; Boyle, Barnes, Buchman, & Bennett, 2009). Individuals with higher resiliency, defined as a multifaceted competency in adapting and recovering from adversity, could potentially mitigate the distress associated with search, and thus, achieve greater satisfaction with life (SWL). The present study examined the moderating role of meaning in life between resiliency (i.e., sense of mastery and sense of relatedness) and SWL in a sample of Canadian university students (N=289). Hierarchical regression analyses showed that there was a positive association between resiliency and SWL and this association was stronger at higher levels compared to lower levels of search for meaning. These results suggest that individuals searching for meaning with high levels of mastery have the greatest SWL, while their counterparts with low mastery have the lowest SWL. Similar moderating effects of search were found with the positive association between sense of relatedness and SWL. Overall, findings suggest that protective factors in resiliency may buffer against the potential negative impact of search. 

scholarly journals Perfectionism and the Five-Factor Model of Personality: A Meta-Analytic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin M. Smith ◽  
Simon B. Sherry ◽  
Vanja Vidovic ◽  
Donald H. Saklofske ◽  
Joachim Stoeber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Personal Standards ◽  
Socially Prescribed Perfectionism ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
High Standards ◽  
Concern Over Mistakes

Over 25 years of research suggests an important link between perfectionism and personality traits included in the five-factor model (FFM). However, inconsistent findings, underpowered studies, and a plethora of perfectionism scales have obscured understanding of how perfectionism fits within the FFM. We addressed these limitations by conducting the first meta-analytic review of the relationships between perfectionism dimensions and FFM traits ( k = 77, N = 24,789). Meta-analysis with random effects revealed perfectionistic concerns (socially prescribed perfectionism, concern over mistakes, doubts about actions, and discrepancy) were characterized by neuroticism ([Formula: see text] = .50), low agreeableness ([Formula: see text] = −.26), and low extraversion ([Formula: see text] = −.24); perfectionistic strivings (self-oriented perfectionism, personal standards, and high standards) were characterized by conscientiousness ([Formula: see text] = .44). Additionally, several perfectionism–FFM relationships were moderated by gender, age, and the perfectionism subscale used. Findings complement theory suggesting that perfectionism has neurotic and non-neurotic dimensions. Results also underscore that the (mal)adaptiveness of perfectionistic strivings hinges on instrumentation.

Precompetitive Anxiety in Sport: The Contribution of Achievement Goals and Perfectionism

1998 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard K. Hall ◽  
Alistair W. Kerr ◽  
Julie Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Achievement Goals ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Personal Standards ◽  
Cognitive Anxiety ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Concern Over Mistakes ◽  
Task Goals ◽  
And Task

This investigation employed Smith’s (1996) model of performance-related anxiety to examine links between perfectionism, achievement goals, and the temporal patterning of multidimensional state anxiety in 119 high school runners. Instruments assessed achievement goals (Roberts & Balague, 1989), perfectionism (Frost, Marten, Lahart, & Rosenblate, 1990), and multidimensional state anxiety (Martens, Burton, & Vealey, 1990) on 4 occasions prior to a cross-country meet. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that overall perfectionism was a consistent, significant predictor of cognitive anxiety. Perceived ability was a consistent predictor of confidence, and ego and task goals contributed to the prediction of cognitive anxiety and confidence, respectively. Concern over mistakes, doubts about action, and personal standards were consistent predictors of cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety, and confidence, respectively. The findings help further develop Smith’s (1996) model and suggest that the appraisal process underlying multidimensional state anxiety is influenced by individual differences in a number of achievement-related constructs.

scholarly journals Are Perfectionism Dimensions Vulnerability Factors for Depressive Symptoms after Controlling for Neuroticism? A Meta–analysis of 10 Longitudinal Studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin M. Smith ◽  
Simon B. Sherry ◽  
Katerina Rnic ◽  
Donald H. Saklofske ◽  
Murray Enns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Vulnerability Factors ◽  
Premorbid Personality ◽  
Personal Standards ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Socially Prescribed Perfectionism ◽  
Concern Over Mistakes

Extensive evidence suggests neuroticism is a higher–order personality trait that overlaps substantially with perfectionism dimensions and depressive symptoms. Such evidence raises an important question: Which perfectionism dimensions are vulnerability factors for depressive symptoms after controlling for neuroticism? To address this, a meta–analysis of research testing whether socially prescribed perfectionism, concern over mistakes, doubts about actions, personal standards, perfectionistic attitudes, self–criticism and self–oriented perfectionism predict change in depressive symptoms, after controlling for baseline depression and neuroticism, was conducted. A literature search yielded 10 relevant studies (N = 1,758). Meta–analysis using random–effects models revealed that all seven perfectionism dimensions had small positive relationships with follow–up depressive symptoms beyond baseline depression and neuroticism. Perfectionism dimensions appear neither redundant with nor captured by neuroticism. Results lend credence and coherence to theoretical accounts and empirical studies suggesting perfectionism dimensions are part of the premorbid personality of people vulnerable to depressive symptoms. Copyright © 2016 European Association of Personality Psychology

Mindset Misconception? Comparing Mindsets, Perfectionism, and Attitudes of Achievement in Gifted, Advanced, and Typical Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily L. Mofield ◽  
Megan Parker Peters
Keyword(s):  
Gifted Students ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Personal Standards ◽  
Fixed Mindset ◽  
Evaluative Concerns ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Achievement Attitudes ◽  
Concern Over Mistakes

The study compared mindset beliefs, perfectionism, and achievement attitudes among gifted, advanced, and typical students in Grades 6 to 8 ( N = 416) and explored the relationship between these variables. Welch’s F tests revealed no statistically significant difference in growth or fixed mindset beliefs about intelligence among groups. Gifted and advanced students scored higher on Personal Standards (gifted, d = 0.68; advanced, d = 0.62) and Academic Self-Perception (gifted, d = 0.72; advanced, d = 0.58) compared with typical students. In hierarchical regression models, giftedness was a statistically significant predictor for Concern over Mistakes (β = 0.20) and Personal Standards (β = 0.27); both gifted (β = 0.31) and advanced (β = 0.17) status were statistically significant predictors for Academic Self-Perception. Various models showed a positive association between growth mindset and Positive Strivings Perfectionism and achievement attitudes and a positive association between fixed mindset and Evaluative Concerns Perfectionism. Findings suggest that gifted students are not more vulnerable to develop fixed mindsets.

scholarly journals Significance of perfectionism in understanding different forms of insomnia

2012 ◽  
Vol 140 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 204-210
Author(s):  
Sanja Totic-Poznanovic ◽  
Biljana Saula-Marojevic ◽  
Mirjana Zebic
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Linear Regression Method ◽  
Parental Criticism ◽  
Personal Standards ◽  
School Of Medicine ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Method ◽  
Negative Pole ◽  
Socially Prescribed Perfectionism ◽  
Concern Over Mistakes ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Introduction. Studies consistently show a connection between perfectionism as a multidimensional construct with various psychological and psychopathological states and characteristics. However, studies that analyze the connection between this concept and sleep disturbances, especially modalities of insomnia, are rare. Objective. The aim of this study was to examine whether dimensions of perfectionism can explain different forms of insomnia; difficulties initiating sleep (insomnia early), difficulties during the sleep (insomnia middle), waking in early hours of the morning (insomnia late) and dissatisfaction with sleep quality (subjective insomnia). Methods. The sample consisted of 254 students of the School of Medicine in Belgrade. Predictive significance of nine perfectionism dimensions, measured by Frost?s and Hewitt?s and Flett?s scales of multi-dimensional perfectionism, related to four modalities of insomnia, measured by a structured questionnaire, was analyzed by multiple linear regression method. Results. Perfectionism dimensions are significant predictors of each of the tested forms of insomnia. Doubt about actions significantly predicts initial insomnia; to other-oriented perfectionism in the negative pole and socially prescribed perfectionism underlie the difficulties during the sleep, while organization and parental criticism underlie late insomnia. Significant predictors of subjective insomnia are personal standards and organization and to other-oriented perfectionism on the negative pole. Three of nine analyzed dimensions were not confirmed as significant; concern over mistakes, parental expectations and self-oriented perfectionism. Conclusion. Various aspects of perfectionism can be considered as a vulnerability factor for understanding some forms of insomnia. Out of all forms of insomnia tested, perfectionism as the personality trait proved to be the most significant for understanding subjective insomnia.

scholarly journals THE PREDICTIVE ROLES OF PERFECTIONISM, SELF-HANDICAPPING AND SELF-COMPASSION ON PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL–BEING

2020 ◽  
pp. 204-216
Author(s):  
Gizem Alaloglu ◽  
◽  
Basak Bahtiyar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Socially Prescribed Perfectionism ◽  
Life Scale

Perfectionism is a multidimensional concept and its role on psychological well-being has gained attention in recent literature. Theaim of the current study was to examinethe relationship of different dimensions of perfectionism with self-handicapping and self-compassionand to investigate their predictive roles onpsychological well-being. For this purpose, 653 volunteeredparticipants (360 females and 293 males) whose ages were between 18 and 50 (M= 24.90, SD= 7.57) were recruited from various cities in Turkey. For data collection, Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS), Self-Handicapping Scale (SHS), Self-Compassion Scale (SCS), Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI)and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS)were administered. The findings indicated that self-compassion was negatively correlated with all perfectionism domains and self-handicapping. Moreover, self-handicapping was positively correlated with socially prescribed perfectionism, but negativelycorrelated withself-oriented perfectionism.The resultsof the hierarchical regression analyses revealedthat psychological symptoms were positively associated with socially prescribed perfectionism and self-handicapping, but negatively associated with self-compassion. Finally, satisfaction with life was found to be positively associated with self-oriented perfectionism and self-compassion, while negatively associated with socially prescribed perfectionism.These findings highlighted the importance of different aspectsof perfectionism regarding to psychological well-being and its related components.

The Role of Perfectionism and Autobiographical Memory in a Sample of Parasuicide Patients

Crisis ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan A. Rasmussen ◽  
Rory C. O’Connor ◽  
Dallas Brodie
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Overgeneral Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Socially Prescribed Perfectionism ◽  
Hopelessness Depression ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
First Time

The main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between social perfectionism, overgeneral autobiographical memory recall, and psychological distress (hopelessness, depression/anxiety, and suicidal ideation) in a sample of parasuicide patients. Forty patients who had been admitted to a Scottish hospital following an episode of deliberate self-harm participated in the study. The participants completed the autobiographical memory task and a battery of self-report measures (multidimensional perfectionism, hopelessness, depression/anxiety, and suicidal ideation). The results showed that repetitive self-harmers were more overgeneral in their recall of positive autobiographical memories than were first-time self-harmers. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that socially prescribed perfectionism interacted with overgeneral recall of both positive and negative memories to predict suicidal ideation/depression. The findings are discussed in relation to previous research.

Measurement Invariance of the Serbian Version of the Satisfaction With Life Scale Across Age, Gender, and Time

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veljko Jovanović
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Life Scale ◽  
Serbian Version ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Over Time

Abstract. The present research aimed at examining measurement invariance of the Serbian version of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) across age, gender, and time. A total sample in Study 1 consisted of 2,595 participants from Serbia, with a mean age of 23.79 years (age range: 14–55 years). The final sample in Study 2 included 333 Serbian undergraduate students ( Mage = 20.81; age range: 20–27 years), who completed the SWLS over periods of 6 and 18 months after the initial assessment. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported the modified unidimensional model of the SWLS, with correlated residuals of items 4 and 5 tapping past satisfaction. The results of the multigroup confirmatory factor analysis supported the full scalar invariance across gender and over time and partial scalar invariance across age. Latent mean comparisons revealed that women reported higher life satisfaction than men. Additionally, adolescents reported higher life satisfaction than students and adults, with adults showing the lowest life satisfaction. Our findings indicate that the SWLS allows meaningful comparisons in life satisfaction across age, gender, and over time.

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