scholarly journals When Good Feelings Turn Mixed: Affective Dynamics and Big Five Trait Predictors of Mixed Emotions in Daily Life

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-411
Author(s):  
Kate A. Barford ◽  
Peter Koval ◽  
Peter Kuppens ◽  
Luke D. Smillie
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Negative Events ◽  
Positive Events ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Total N ◽  
Mixed Emotions ◽  
Sampling Studies ◽  
Affective Dynamics ◽  
Negative Feelings

In this study, we examine how daily life fluctuations in positive affect (PA) and negative afect (NA) relate to mixed emotions—that is, simultaneous positive and negative feelings. We utilised three experience sampling studies (total N = 275), in which participants reported their affect 10 times each day for up to 14 days. Because people generally experience fairly stable moderate levels of PA in daily life, we proposed that mixed emotions would typically occur when NA increases and overlaps with, but does not entirely eliminate, PA. Accordingly, within individuals, we found that mixed emotions in daily life were more strongly predicted by changes in NA and the occurrence of negative events than by changes in PA and positive events. At the between–person level, individuals with more variable NA, more stable PA, and higher trait Neuroticism scores experienced higher average levels of mixed emotions. Further, we found evidence that the average magnitude of NA increases may partially mediate the association between Neuroticism and mixed emotions. We also found that positive predictors of mixed emotions are negative predictors of individuals’ within–person PA/NA correlations—that is, affective synchrony. Our findings elucidate trait predictors and affective dynamics of daily life mixed emotions, which appear closely intertwined with NA variability. © 2020 European Association of Personality Psychology

scholarly journals Loneliness and the Big Five Personality Traits: A Meta–Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Buecker ◽  
Marlies Maes ◽  
Jaap J. A. Denissen ◽  
Maike Luhmann
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Variance Estimation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Total N

This preregistered meta–analysis ( k = 113, total n = 93 668) addressed how the Big Five dimensions of personality (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness) are related to loneliness. Robust variance estimation accounting for the dependency of effect sizes was used to compute meta–analytic bivariate correlations between loneliness and personality. Extraversion ( r = −.370), agreeableness ( r = −.243), conscientiousness ( r = −.202), and openness ( r = −.107) were negatively related to loneliness. Neuroticism ( r = .358) was positively related to loneliness. These associations differed meaningfully in strength depending on how loneliness was assessed. Additionally, meta–analytic structural equation modelling was used to investigate the unique association between each personality trait and loneliness while controlling for the other four personality traits. All personality traits except openness remained statistically significantly associated with loneliness when controlling for the other personality traits. Our results show the importance of stable personality factors in explaining individual differences in loneliness. © 2020 European Association of Personality Psychology

scholarly journals Age Differences across Adulthood in Interpretations of Situations and Situation–Behaviour Contingencies for Big Five States

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik E. Noftle ◽  
Charleen J. Gust
Keyword(s):  
Age Differences ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Total N ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Adult Personality ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Scant Attention

In the last two decades, a burgeoning literature has begun to clarify the processes underlying personality traits and momentary trait–relevant behaviour. However, such work has almost exclusively investigated these questions in young adults. During the same period, much has been learned about adult personality trait development but with scant attention to the momentary processes that contribute to development. The current work connects these two topics, testing developmental questions about adult age differences and thus examining how age matters to personality processes. The study examines how four important situation characteristics are experienced in everyday life and how situations covary with Big Five trait–relevant behaviour (i.e. situation–behaviour contingencies). Two samples were collected (total N = 316), each assessing three age groups: young, middle–aged, and older adults. Using experience sampling method, participants completed reports four or five times per day across a representative period of daily life. Results suggested age differences in how situations are experienced on average, in the variability around these average situation experiences, and in situation–behaviour contingencies. The results therefore highlight that, across adulthood, age groups experience chronically different situations, differ in how much the situations they experience vary moment to moment, and differ in how much situation experience predicts their enactment of traits. © 2019 European Association of Personality Psychology

scholarly journals Emotion Regulation in Everyday Life: Mapping Global Self-Reports to Daily Processes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Koval ◽  
Elise Katherine Kalokerinos ◽  
Katharine Helen Greenaway ◽  
Hayley Medland ◽  
Peter Kuppens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Strategy Use ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Recent Theory ◽  
Strategy Selection ◽  
Total N ◽  
Sampling Studies ◽  
Self Reports

Recent theory outlines emotion regulation as a dynamic process occurring across several stages: (i) identifying the need to regulate, (ii) selecting a strategy, and (iii) implementing that strategy to change an emotional state. Despite its dynamic nature, emotion regulation is typically assessed using static global self-report questionnaires that ask people to reflect on their general use of certain strategies. While these global measures are typically assumed to assess stable individual differences in the selection stage of emotion regulation, this assumption has not been tested systematically. Moreover, it is unclear whether global self-report scales also capture processes relevant to the identification and implementation stages of emotion regulation. To address these issues, we examined how global self-report measures correspond with the three stages outlined in emotion regulation theory, modelled using repeated sampling of strategy use, and affective antecedents and consequences of strategy use in daily life. We analyzed data from nine daily diary and experience sampling studies (total N=1,097), in which participants reported their use of cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression, and rumination using both global questionnaires and daily life methods. Results across studies revealed weak-to moderate convergent correlations between global self-reports and individual differences in strategy selection in daily life, as well as some cross-strategy correlations. We also found some evidence that certain global self-reports capture identification and implementation processes. Taken together, our findings suggest that global self-reports do not only assess trait strategy selection, but may also reflect individual differences in identification and implementation of emotion regulation strategies in daily life.

scholarly journals Indicators of Affect Dynamics: Structure, Reliability, and Personality Correlates

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1060-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon P. Wendt ◽  
Aidan G.C. Wright ◽  
Paul A. Pilkonis ◽  
William C. Woods ◽  
Jaap J.A. Denissen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Total N ◽  
Structure Reliability ◽  
Complex Indicators ◽  
Affect Dynamics

Researchers are increasingly interested in the affect dynamics of individuals for describing and explaining personality and psychopathology. Recently, the incremental validity of more complex indicators of affect dynamics (IADs; e.g. autoregression) has been called into question (Dejonckheere et al., 2019), with evidence accumulating that these might convey little unique information beyond mean level and general variability of emotions. Our study extends the evidence for the construct validity of IADs by investigating their redundancy and uniqueness, split–half reliability based on indices from odd–numbered and even–numbered days, and association with big five personality traits. We used three diverse samples that assessed daily and momentary emotions, including community participants, individuals with personality pathology, and their significant others (total N = 1192, total number of occasions = 51 278). Mean and variability of affects had high reliability and distinct nomological patterns to big five personality traits. In contrast, more complex IADs exhibited substantial redundancies with mean level and general variability of emotions. When partialing out these redundancies by using residual variables, some of the more complex IADs had acceptable reliability, but only a few of these showed incremental associations with big five personality traits, indicating that IADs have limited validity using the current assessment practices. © 2020 The Authors. European Journal of Personality published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Association of Personality Psychology

How Do People Share Their Positive Events?

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 250-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara A. Palmer ◽  
Meagan A. Ramsey ◽  
Jennifer N. Morey ◽  
Amy L. Gentzler
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Positive Events ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Sharing Patterns ◽  
Practical Implications

Abstract. Research suggests that sharing positive events with others is beneficial for well-being, yet little is known about how positive events are shared with others and who is most likely to share their positive events. The current study expanded on previous research by investigating how positive events are shared and individual differences in how people share these events. Participants (N = 251) reported on their likelihood to share positive events in three ways: capitalizing (sharing with close others), bragging (sharing with someone who may become jealous or upset), and mass-sharing (sharing with many people at once using communication technology) across a range of positive scenarios. Using cluster analysis, five meaningful profiles of sharing patterns emerged. These profiles were associated with gender, Big Five personality traits, narcissism, and empathy. Individuals who tended to brag when they shared their positive events were more likely to be men, reported less agreeableness, less conscientiousness, and less empathy, whereas those who tended to brag and mass-share reported the highest levels of narcissism. These results have important theoretical and practical implications for the growing body of research on sharing positive events.

scholarly journals Can Facebook likes predict the purchase probability of electricity storage systems?

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Poier
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Electricity Storage ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
User Groups

AbstractThis study among owners of photovoltaic systems investigates whether users' Big Five personality traits derived from their Facebook likes contribute to whether or not they adopt an electricity storage. It is based on the finding that the digital footprint, especially the Facebook likes, can in part predict the personality of users better than friends and family. The survey was conducted among 159 Facebook users in Germany who owned a photovoltaic system. For comparison, a control sample with data from the German Socio-Economic Panel with 425 photovoltaic owners among 7286 individuals was used. The results show that, for extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism, the mean scores could be sufficiently predicted. However, a positive correlation could only be detected for extraversion. The comparison of the user groups could not provide satisfying results. None of the Big Five personality traits could be used to distinguish the two user groups from each other. Although the results did not support the hypotheses, this study offers insights into the possibilities of combining data mining, personality psychology, and consumer research.

Responsiveness processes and daily experiences of shared reality among romantic couples

2021 ◽  
pp. 026540752110176
Author(s):  
Yael Bar-Shachar ◽  
Eran Bar-Kalifa
Keyword(s):  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Epistemic Uncertainty ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Negative Events ◽  
Romantic Couples ◽  
Positive Events ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Daily Diaries ◽  
Shared Reality ◽  
Critical Process

Shared reality (SR) is the experience of having an inner state believed to be shared by others. Dyadic responsiveness has been suggested to be a critical process in SR construction. The present study tested the extent to which SR varies in the daily lives of romantic partners and whether this variability is related to responsiveness processes. We predicted that disclosure of personal events to one’s partner as well as perceived partner enacted responsiveness would be associated with daily levels of SR. We further predicted that these associations would be more pronounced when one has low epistemic certainty with respect to the disclosed event. To test these hypotheses, daily diaries were collected from 76 cohabiting romantic couples for a period of 4 weeks. Participants reported the occurrence of daily personal positive and negative events, indicated whether they had disclosed these events to their partner, and described how their partner had responded. As predicted, the disclosure of positive and negative events, as well as the perceptions of partners’ constructive responses to these disclosures, were positively associated with daily SR. A significant interaction was found between epistemic uncertainty (i.e., low perceived social consensus) and responsiveness processes in the context of negative (but not positive) events; specifically, when participants experienced low certainty, the disclosure of the event and the perceived partner’s constructive response were more strongly associated with SR.

scholarly journals Psychometric properties of the International Personality Item Pool Big-Five personality questionnaire for the Greek population

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Ypofanti ◽  
Vasiliki Zisi ◽  
Nikolaos Zourbanos ◽  
Barbara Mouchtouri ◽  
Pothiti Tzanne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Differences ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Personality Factor ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Item Pool ◽  
Total N ◽  
Personality Item ◽  
Good Internal Consistency ◽  
Highly Correlated

Goldberg’s International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) big-five personality factor markers currently lack validating evidence. The structure of the 50-item IPIP was examined in two different adult samples (total N=811), in each case justifying a 5-factor solution, with only minor discrepancies. Age differences were comparable to previous findings using other inventories. One sample (N=193) also completed additionally another personality measure (the TIPI Short Form). Conscientiousness, extraversion and emotional stability/ neuroticism scales of the IPIP were highly correlated with those of the TIPI (r=0.62 to 0.65, P=0.01). Agreeableness and Intellect/Openness scales correlated less strongly (r=0.54 and 0.58 respectively, P=0.01). The IPIP scales have good internal consistency (a=0.88) and relate strongly to major dimensions of personality assessed by the two questionnaires.

scholarly journals Loneliness effects on personality

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Mund ◽  
Franz J. Neyer
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Regulatory Focus ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Negative Events ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
German Sample ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Using Data

Individuals feel lonely when they perceive a discrepancy between their desired and their actually experienced quantity and quality of social relationships. Prior research has demonstrated the importance of loneliness for various health-related aspects. In the present article, we extend the existing literature on loneliness by investigating its role for predicting personality traits and their development from late adolescence to early midlife. Using data from a representative German sample ( N = 12,402) sampling individuals from three different birth cohorts, we found loneliness to predict the levels of all Big Five traits except openness five years later. The effects of loneliness on the development of neuroticism and extraversion reached statistical significance but were only marginal in terms of effect size. Furthermore, we found that a self-regulatory focus geared to the prevention of negative events mediated the effects of loneliness on later levels of the Big Five.

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