Effect of lyophilized extracts from guaraná seeds [Paullinia cupana var.sorbilis (Mart.) Ducke] on behavioral profiles in rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 531-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Otobone ◽  
A. C. C. Sanches ◽  
R. Nagae ◽  
J. V. C. Martins ◽  
V. R. Sela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Profiles ◽  
Paullinia Cupana

Behavioral profiles of children with different levels of achievement

1980 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine M. Lambert ◽  
Carolyn Urbanski
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Profiles ◽  
Different Levels

scholarly journals Transpiration and stomatal resistance variations of perennial tropical crops under soil water availability conditions and water deficit

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Ozinaldo Alves de Sena ◽  
Humberto Actis Zaidan ◽  
Paulo Roberto de Camargo e Castro
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Stomatal Resistance ◽  
Paullinia Cupana ◽  
Tropical Crops ◽  
Water Transpiration ◽  
Coffea Arabica L ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

During the dry and rainy seasons, determinations of stomatal resistance and transpiration of five tropical crops were carried out: guarana (Paullinia cupana Kunth), coffee (Coffea arabica L.), cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.), guava (Psidium guajava L.) and rubber (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. - Arg.) trees. Experimental design was done at randomized complete blocks with five replications. During the dry season there was a decrease in values of stomatal resistance in the following order: guarana > coffee> cashew> guava > rubber, with values from 2.5 to 30.0 s.cm-1. During the rainy season the stomatal resistance values varied from 1.5 to 3.0 s.cm-1. The guarana and coffee crops showed higher resistance to water transpiration when compared to other crops. During the rainy season, the rubber tree continued to present lower stomatal resistance and, consequently, higher transpiration.

Slow Food, Shared Values, and Indigenous Empowerment in an Alternative Commodity Chain Linking Brazil and Europe

Sociologus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-122
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Kapfhammer ◽  
Gordon M. Winder
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Commodity Chain ◽  
Central Importance ◽  
Slow Food ◽  
Joint Project ◽  
Paullinia Cupana ◽  
Indigenous Group ◽  
Indigenous Cosmology

This article explores governance and power relations within the guaraná (Paullinia cupana) global commodity chain (GCC) of the Sateré-Mawé, an Indigenous group of the Lower Amazon, Brazil. The paper draws on ethnographic work and joint field research in Pará, Brazil and pursues an interdisciplinary approach combining economic geography and anthropological interest in ontological diversity. It describes the guaraná value chain in commodity chain terms, and discusses issues of narrative, transformation, and power in the community of values associated with the chain. Guaraná is a ritual beverage of central importance to Indigenous cosmology and is now a commodity traded within the global Fair Trade network. We found that the commodity chain is the result of not only economically, but also politically motivated Indigenous and European actors. It has a simple organization and is based on inter-personal business relations, with neither retailers nor producers controlling the chain. In this context, diverse actors, including Indigenous and non-Indigenous agents, cooperate in a joint project despite their, at times, differing values. These values are discernable in the narratives and discourses braided around the chain. This paper identifies the values at work and the tensions and dissonances produced as they rub against each other. It argues that, far from making the chain unmanageable, the tensions are creative and help the chain’s participants to bridge between Brazil and Europe.

scholarly journals Guarana (Paullinia cupana) Extract Protects Caenorhabditis elegans Models for Alzheimer Disease and Huntington Disease through Activation of Antioxidant and Protein Degradation Pathways

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Ferreira Boasquívis ◽  
Giovanna Melo Martins Silva ◽  
Franciny Aparecida Paiva ◽  
Rodrigo Marinho Cavalcanti ◽  
Cecília Verônica Nunez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Protein Misfolding ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Independent Manner ◽  
Paullinia Cupana ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Polyq Protein ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Guarana (Paullinia cupana) is largely consumed in Brazil in high energy drinks and dietary supplements because of its stimulant activity on the central nervous system. Although previous studies have indicated that guarana has some protective effects in Parkinson’s (PD), Alzheimer’s (AD), and Huntington’s (HD) disease models, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Here, we investigated the protective effects of guarana hydroalcoholic extract (GHE) in Caenorhabditis elegans models of HD and AD. GHE reduced polyglutamine (polyQ) protein aggregation in the muscle and also reduced polyQ-mediated neuronal death in ASH sensory neurons and delayed β-amyloid-induced paralysis in a caffeine-independent manner. Moreover, GHE’s protective effects were not mediated by caloric restriction, antimicrobial effects, or development and reproduction impairment. Inactivation of the transcription factors SKN-1 and DAF-16 by RNAi partially blocked the protective effects of GHE treatment in the AD model. We show that the protective effect of GHE is associated with antioxidant activity and modulation of proteostasis, since it increased the lifespan and proteasome activity, reduced intracellular ROS and the accumulation of autophagosomes, and increased the expression of SOD-3 and HSP-16.2. Our findings suggest that GHE has therapeutic potential in combating age-related diseases associated with protein misfolding and accumulation.

scholarly journals Neonatal neural networks predict children behavioral profiles later in life

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 1362-1373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong-Yaw Wee ◽  
Ta Anh Tuan ◽  
Birit F. P. Broekman ◽  
Min Yee Ong ◽  
Yap-Seng Chong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Behavioral Profiles

scholarly journals Teor de cafeína em sementes matrizes do guaranazeiro

Bragantia ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 425-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayse Soave Spoladore ◽  
Marco Antonio Milan Boaventura ◽  
Luis Alberto Saes
Keyword(s):  
Paullinia Cupana

Realizou-se a caracterização do teor de cafeína no tegumento e amêndoa de sementes de plantas matrizes de guaraná (Paullinia cupana (Mart.) Ducke) existentes no Instituto Agronômico, no Vale do Ribeira,SP. Os teores de cafeína apresentaram valores médios de 2,33 ± 0,38% na amêndoa, de 1,09± 0,29 no tegumento e de 2,15± 0,34% na semente como um todo.

scholarly journals Photosynthetic Performance of Guaranazeiro Plants as Affected by Glyphosate Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Bruna N. Leite ◽  
Karla Gabrielle D. Pinto ◽  
Victor Alexandre H. F. dos Santos ◽  
Marciel J. Ferreira ◽  
Sônia Maria F. Albertino
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Performance ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Paullinia Cupana ◽  
Process Gas ◽  
Quantum Efficiency Of Psii ◽  
Relative Chlorophyll Content

The unsuitable use of herbicides damages many cultures. In cases of high infestations and presence of aggressive weed species in guarana (Paullinia cupana) culture, glyphosate application is advisable, but its impact on guarana physiology is unknown. Therefore, leaf photosynthetic characteristics were measured with the aim of identifying if the photosynthetic performance of guaranazeiro plants is affected in response to glyphosate application. Three glyphosate doses (0 (control); 324 and 432 g a.i. ha-1) were applied to two guaranazeiro cultivars (BRS-Andirá and BRS-Maués) selected on the basis of productive performance. An analysis was made of the effects of these doses on characteristics that represent the photosynthetic process: gas exchange, maximum quantum efficiency of PSII, performance index and chlorophyll content. The application of glyphosate did not affect the short-term responses relative chlorophyll content (SPAD index) and light use (chlorophyll a fluorescence). After 168 h, there were changes only in gas exchange variables. The effects of glyphosate doses on gas exchange was different between guaranazeiro cultivars. The photosynthetic performance of the guaranazeiro seems to be tolerant to the effects of short-term of glyphosate application.

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