Genetic Diversity in the Perennial Ryegrass Fungal Endophyte Neotyphodium lolii

2004 ◽  
pp. 155-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eline van Zijll de Jong ◽  
Nathaniel R. Bannan ◽  
Jacqueline Batley ◽  
Kathryn M. Guthridge ◽  
German C. Spangenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Fungal Endophyte ◽  
Neotyphodium Lolii

Global Genetic Diversity of the Perennial Ryegrass Fungal Endophyte Neotyphodium lolii

Crop Science ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1487-1501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eline van Zijll de Jong ◽  
Mark P. Dobrowolski ◽  
Nathaniel R. Bannan ◽  
Alan V. Stewart ◽  
Kevin F. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Fungal Endophyte ◽  
Neotyphodium Lolii

scholarly journals Survival of endophyte-infected ryegrass seed buried in soil

1999 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 151-156
Author(s):  
D.E. Hume ◽  
M.P. Rolston ◽  
D.B. Baird ◽  
W.J. Archie ◽  
M.R. Marsh
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Fungal Endophyte ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Neotyphodium Lolii ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
One Year

Emergence of volunteer perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) from seed buried in soil may contribute to the ingress of ryegrass in newly sown pastures. To investigate this, ryegrass seed infected with fungal endophyte (Neotyphodium lolii) was buried in nylon bags under pasture at two depths and at two sites (Palmerston North, Lincoln) in early/mid-autumn 1998. Seed bags were removed from the soil at intervals over the course of one year to determine seed viability and presence of endophyte in seedlings. Viability of seed declined rapidly to be 10% 3 months after burial. Further decline in viability was less, so that 12 months after burial 4% of seeds were still viable. Endophyte viability also declined, from 58% infection of seedlings at the time of burial to 21% at 12 months. This was at a slower rate than the decline in seed viability and from what might have been predicted from seed storage experiments. Viability of seed buried at 10 cm was greater than that buried at 3 cm (e.g., means, 10% and 1% after 6 months, respectively). This has implications for cultivation practices before pasture establishment. Seed buried at Lincoln maintained higher viability than seed buried at Palmerston North (e.g., means, 6% and 4% after 6 months, respectively), which was associated with drier soil conditions at Lincoln. Survival of buried seed may therefore be of greater importance in summer-dry east coast regions, compared with moist west coast environments or in wet years. The significance of buried ryegrass seed will depend on the numbers involved, but after 12 months there were still viable seeds left in the soil and some of these were infected with endophyte. This is important for pastures sown with ryegrass that is free of endophyte or infected with a selected endophyte, and for slower establishing grass species such as tall fescue. Keywords: endophyte, endophyte survival, Lolium perenne, Neotyphodium lolii, perennial ryegrass, seed burial, seed survival

Genetic Diversity in Seven Perennial Ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.) Cultivars Based on SSR Markers

Crop Science ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 1565-1572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Kubik ◽  
Mark Sawkins ◽  
William A. Meyer ◽  
Brandon S. Gaut
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Lolium Perenne L

scholarly journals Temporal changes in genetic diversity and forage yield of perennial ryegrass in monoculture and in combination with red clover in swards

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. e0206571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Verwimp ◽  
Tom Ruttink ◽  
Hilde Muylle ◽  
Sabine Van Glabeke ◽  
Gerda Cnops ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Forage Yield

scholarly journals Determination of the toxic threshold of lolitrem B in cattle eating endophye-infected perennial ryegrass

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 399-402
Author(s):  
L. Blythe ◽  
C. Estill ◽  
J. Males ◽  
A.M. Craig
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Crossbred Cattle ◽  
Testing Laboratory ◽  
Neotyphodium Lolii ◽  
Lolitrem B

Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) straw is used as a feed for livestock and horses. Some straw is infected with the endophyte, Neotyphodium lolii, which produces lolitrem tremorgens. Ingesting of the toxin produces clinical "ryegrass staggers." A 28 day feeding trail was conducted using 61 Black Angus, pure and crossbred cattle. The cattle were fed one of three levels of lolitrem B in chopped perennial ryegrass straw ranging from 0 ppb up to 3058 ppb. Four Japanese Wagyu crossbred cattle were fed chopped ryegrass straw containing 1400 ppb lolitrem B. The cattle were evaluated and scored twice a day for clinical signs of gait difficulties. Cattle consuming 1400 ppb lolitrem B did not show any overt clinical signs. After 14 days, 7 out of 15 cattle in the 1954 ppb lolitrem B group showed clinical signs of ataxia, stiffness, and tremors as seen in ryegrass staggers. All of the cattle in the positive control group of up to 3058 ppb lolitrem B with a 4 week mean of 2574 ppb developed clinical signs of staggers. None of the Wagyu cattle at 1400 ppb lolitrem B developed clinical signs. A dose response curve was developed based on the results of this study coupled with a prior study for use in the testing laboratory. Keywords: lolitrem B, perennial ryegrass, Lolium perenne, endophyte fungus, Neotyphodium lolii, cattle, threshold levels

The impact of endophyte on the health and productivity of sheep grazing ryegrass-based pastures

1999 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
L.R. Fletcher ◽  
B.L. Sutherland ◽  
C.G. Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Plasma Prolactin ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Lower Plasma ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Neotyphodium Lolii ◽  
The Impact

The health and production of sheep grazing perennial ryegrass with and without wild-type endophyte (Neotyphodium lolii) has been studied in several trials over a number of years. Lambs/ hoggets grazing predominantly perennial ryegrass swards with endophyte developed moderate to severe ryegrass staggers in summer and autumn, while those grazing endophyte-free ryegrass did not. Lambs/hoggets grazing ryegrass with endophyte also had more dags, lower growth rates, lower plasma prolactin levels, higher body temperatures and respiration rates under warm humid conditions. Most of these adverse responses were more severe in summer and autumn when endophyte toxin concentrations were highest. Many of these symptoms are similar to those described for the "autumn ill thrift" syndrome in New Zealand. Keywords: dags, endophyte, flystrike, growth rates, hyperthermia, Neotyphodium, perennial ryegrass, prolactin, ryegrass staggers, sheep

scholarly journals A QTL analysis of host plant effects on fungal endophyte biomass and alkaloid expression in perennial ryegrass

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marty J. Faville ◽  
Lyn Briggs ◽  
Mingshu Cao ◽  
Albert Koulman ◽  
M. Z. Zulfi Jahufer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Qtl Analysis ◽  
Fungal Endophyte ◽  
Plant Effects
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